Subject: Policy & Development (PD)Lecture 4: The Policy Development Process

1

The policy development process as a logical progression through six steps: 1. Problem definition, 2. Goal clarification, 3. Option generation,4. Selection,5. Implementation, and 6. Evaluation

2

(a) problem recognition(b) situation analysis(c) problem definition(d) priority determination

3

(a) consideration of values and goals

(b) clarify normative foundation(c) describe desired results(d) develop criteria and indicators

4

(a) focus on goals(b) develop alternatives(c) think broadly and outside of established norms

5

(a) use tools to evaluate alternatives

(b) understand potential impacts(c) consider, debate alternatives(d) compromise, make tradeoffs, bargain

(f) decide/recommend(g) close the loop

6

(a) understand success factors

(b) assess capacity(c) assign responsibility(d) choose instruments(e) align(f) transfer

7

(a) monitor/obtain feedback(b) compare actual and desired results

(c) learn(d) modify as necessary

8

9

10

How would the policy process differ if horizontal issues were involved? Think about research and data-gathering; the quality and depth of analysis; the need to understand shared and individually held values and goals and to make decisions when multiple mandates and/or jurisdictions are involved; possible implementation through multiple programs; and the challenges of evaluation.

What about the involvement of the stakeholders and citizens?

11

END

12