counterfeit medicines
TRANSCRIPT
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Introduction
The problem of DrugCounterfeiting is as old ascivilization.
17thcentury Cinchona bark wasbeing faked
Drug counterfeiting has
assumed such an alarming ratethat it is now being perceived tobe a Public ealth hazard thatmerits !lobal attention
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Definition
"ccording to#lack$s Dictionarythe term %counterfeit drug$ refersto a drug made by someone
other than the genuinemanufacturer& by copying orimitating an original productwithout "uthority or 'ight& witha view to deceive or defraud andmarketing the product as theoriginal
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(..). has come out with a
definition to guide national drug
regulatory authorities*
" C)+, -'-/ 0-D/C/,- /1
),- (/C /1 D-2/#-'" -23
",D '"+D+2-, 23
0/12"#-22-D with respect to
identity and or source
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Contd.
Counterfeiting can apply to
both #'",D-D and !-,-'/C
products and these may
include products with
the C)''-C ingredients&
or with the ('),! active
ingredients
without "C /4- ingredients&
/,1+/C/-, "C /4- ingredients
"5- P"C5"!/,!.
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W.H.O. Figures
ome figures presented by
(..). indicate the e6tent of
the problem:
1992-1994 survey uncovered 51 of
counterfeited drugs !it" no #ctive ingredient.
25 of $edicines in deve%o&ing countries
counterfeited or su'-st#nd#rdFD( re&orted 1 in 1) $edicines so%d
!or%d!ide !#s f#*e !it" no $edic#% effect.
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Contd.
2++ c"i%dren died fro$ consu$&tion of
,#r#cet#$o% syru& cont#ining #nti-freee in
#ng%#des" /19920
25)) c"i%dren died #fter 'eing inocu%#ted
!it" counterfeited C..3. v#ccine /19950
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Factors Encouraging
Counterfeiting of Drugs
Medicines are high value items for bothcurative and preventive health care.
Demand for medicine is innite.
Ingredients for producing counterfeit drugscheaper.
No infrastructure;No quality assurance;
High margins of cost.
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1.
Lack of Political Will AndCommitment
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2.
Lack of Appropriate DrugLegislation
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3.
Absence of or Weak DrugRegulation
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4.
! Weak Enforcement and PenalSanctions.
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Illegal Trading in
pharmaceuticals: b !eof"o#er$!la%o&mith'line
Franchising
Parallel trading
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Diversion or illegal tradingCounterfeiting
Counterfeiting
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Corruption and conflict of interest
demand exceeding supply
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high prices of medicines
inefficient co-operation betweenstakeholders
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lack of regulation by exportingcountries and within free trade zones
Trade through several intermediaries
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substitution
adulteration and re-use
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/mpact on Public ealthre#t$ent f#i%ures
oss of confidence in "e#%t" c#re &roviders
W#ste of resources /'ot" tient 6govern$ent0
o! &roductivity
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Conclusion
Cre#te &u'%ic #!#reness
7duc#te &u'%ic on detection
r#cing #nd tr#c*ing 'y #ut"orities /,O87 6 WH770
everer s#nctions for counterfeiters
3#nuf#cturers $ust 'e "e%d %i#'%e for t"ird rty inuriesresu%ting fro$ counterfeited drugs.
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H(8 ;O