COUNTERCULTURE & COUNTERCULTURE & POPULAR CULTURE OF POPULAR CULTURE OF

THE 1960STHE 1960S

COUNTER CULTURECOUNTER CULTURE Reaction against the conservative government, social norms of the Reaction against the conservative government, social norms of the

1950s, the political conservatism of the Cold War period, and the 1950s, the political conservatism of the Cold War period, and the US Government's extensive military intervention in VietnamUS Government's extensive military intervention in Vietnam

New LeftNew Left Middle class college studentsMiddle class college students Students for a Democratic Society (SDS)Students for a Democratic Society (SDS)

• Founded at the University of Michigan in 1960Founded at the University of Michigan in 1960• Organizational base for New LeftOrganizational base for New Left• Port Huron StatementPort Huron Statement

Criticized the lack of individual freedomsCriticized the lack of individual freedoms• Believed colleges were a natural base to promote social changeBelieved colleges were a natural base to promote social change• Began protesting the lack of student freedomsBegan protesting the lack of student freedoms

Dress code, course requirements, and discrimination in sororities, fraternities, Dress code, course requirements, and discrimination in sororities, fraternities, and admissions and admissions

• Began student anti-war movementBegan student anti-war movement

COUNTER CULTURECOUNTER CULTURE

New LeftNew Left Free Speech MovementFree Speech Movement

• Organized at Berkeley in 1964Organized at Berkeley in 1964• Used sit-ins and taking over college buildings to Used sit-ins and taking over college buildings to

protest the warprotest the war Young International Party (Yippies)Young International Party (Yippies)

• Democratic National Convention in 1968Democratic National Convention in 1968• ChicagoChicago• Anti-war protestAnti-war protest• Police brutalityPolice brutality

COUNTERCULTURECOUNTERCULTURE HippiesHippies

Middle class youthMiddle class youth DressDress

• Jeans, tie-dyed shirts, sandals, beards, long hairJeans, tie-dyed shirts, sandals, beards, long hair Lifestyle choicesLifestyle choices

• DrugsDrugs MarijuanaMarijuana LSD (Hallucinogenic)LSD (Hallucinogenic)

• MusicMusic• CommunesCommunes

Groups living together shaping responsibilitiesGroups living together shaping responsibilities• Haight-Ashbury (San Francisco)Haight-Ashbury (San Francisco)

Focal pointFocal point

COUNTERCULTURECOUNTERCULTURE

WoodstockWoodstock Aug. 15-18, 1969Aug. 15-18, 1969 Bethel, New YorkBethel, New York 500,000 people500,000 people 32 music groups/artists32 music groups/artists Camped outsideCamped outside 30 min wait for water30 min wait for water 90 min wait for restrooms90 min wait for restrooms 2 deaths2 deaths 2 births2 births Focal point of countercultureFocal point of counterculture

POPULAR CULTUREPOPULAR CULTURE

Demographics Population-177,830,000 Average Salary-$4,743 Minimum Wage-$1.00 per hour 850,000 students enter college resulting in

emergency living quarters at most campuses

POPULAR CULTUREPOPULAR CULTURE

Architecture Refinement of Modernism

• St. Louis Arch-Eero Saarinen• Walter Gropius-Pan Am Building (Met Life)

Art Influenced by desire to move into modern age Artists wanted to inspire the viewer to leap

into the unknown or experience art in their own way

Andy Warhol-leading name in pop art

POPULAR CULTUREPOPULAR CULTURE

Literature Expressed problems in society Race relations

• To Kill a Mockingbird-Harper Lee Feminism

• The Bell Jar-Sylvia Plath• The Feminine Mystique-Betty Friedan

Disillusionment• Catch 22-Joseph Heller• One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest-Ken Kesey

POPULAR CULTUREPOPULAR CULTURE

Music Rhythm & Blues (R & B) African Americans

• Supremes• Aretha Franklin• James Brown• Jimi Hendrix

Folk Music Counterculture

• Bob Dylan• Joan Baez• Peter, Paul & Mary

POPULAR CULTUREPOPULAR CULTURE

Music Teenage influence

• Beach Boys• Beatles• Righteous Brothers

Acid/psychedelic Rock• Influenced by drug use• Jefferson Airplane• Grateful Dead