cotton key trends & insect pest management - … key trends & insect pest management icac...
TRANSCRIPT
Agenda/
Content
Indian Cotton: Trends & Key Challenges
Key challenges for Insect Pest Management
Bayer Strategy towards the future
Integrated Pest Management
Key Conclusions & Next Steps
Technology Advancement of Cotton in
India: Historical perspective
Insect Pest Management in Cotton • Dec 2015
99 kg/ha
134 kg/ha
169 kg/ha
127 kg/ha
267 kg/ha
278 kg/ha
517 kg/ha • 1952-1962 Arboreum to Hirsutams
• 1962-72 Hirsutam quality improvement
• 1972-82 Hybrid adoption
• 1982-92 Pyrethroid Protection
• 1992-2002 Technology fatigue (bollworm resistance to pyrethroids,
sucking pest epidemic
• 2002-2014 Bt cotton era, hybrid expansion, introduction of CNIs
Page 3
Usage of crop protection chemical is
rising after 13 years of Bt Cottton
Insect Pest Management in Cotton • Dec 2015
Average no. of times agro-chemicals
applied
Average quantity (Kgs./lts.) of agro-
chemicals used per hectare
Average amount (Rs.'000s) spent per
hectare on agro-chemicals
8.0
6.5
7.3
5.7
5.3
4.0
5.0
0
2
4
6
8
10
20
13
-20
14
20
09
-20
10
20
04
-20
05
20
02
-20
03
20
00
-20
01
19
98
-19
99
19
96
-19
97
4.0
2.2
3.3
4.3
6.0
6.6
9.4
0
2
4
6
8
10
20
13
-20
14
20
09
-20
10
20
04
-20
05
20
02
-20
03
20
00
-20
01
19
98
-19
99
19
96
-19
97
2.2
1.71.6
1.4
2.1
1.7
2.9
0
1
2
3
4
20
13
-20
14
20
09
-20
10
20
04
-20
05
20
02
-20
03
20
00
-20
01
19
98
-19
99
19
96
-19
97
Page 4
Insect Pest Evolution in cotton after Bt
Cotton era: New Challenges at hand
1. Increasing sucking pressure: The donor Bt-cotton parent is from
an exotic variety coker-312, which is highly susceptible to WF,
Jassid & Thrips
2. Return of Boll worm due bt resistance issues: In 2009 PBW
developed to resistance Boll Gaurd I (Cry1Ac) and in 2015 PBW
has developed resistance to Boll Guard II (Cry 1 Ac + Cry 2 Ab in
parts of Gujarat). In 2015 Gujarat lost 7-8% of the Crop. BG II has
limited effects on Spodoptera & often migrates on cotton can
cause significant damage
3. Emergence of Minor pests (Myrid buds/ Mealy Bugs):
Reduced insecticide use on Bt-cotton may have resulted in the
survival and multiplication of the minor pests mealy bugs and the
mirid bug, which damages squares and flowers mostly
Insect Pest Management in Cotton • Dec 2015 Page 5
Challenging environment for Pest
Management
Insect Pest Management in Cotton • Dec 2015
Regulatory pressure leading
to (1) ban or use restrictions
and (2) Increasing hurdles
and development costs for
pipeline compounds which
need to be considered in R&D
targets
Increasing License-To-
Operate challenges
addressed by NGO’s need to
be considered on a case-by-
case basis
Market impact of generics
compensated by innovation for
the time being. Pressure will
increase beyond 2020.
Technological environment
Increase in overall market value
through innovation and
intensification
Resistance Management
requiring new MoA incl. traits,
robust integrated programs
and/or mixtures
Increasing penetration of biotech
traits in arable crops Americas
Growing usage of Biologics in
combinations or sequences
with small molecules esp. in
Fruits & Vegetables
Crop Efficiency offers new
opportunities
Regulatory environment
and IP situation Customer needs &
expectations
Attractive Return on Investment
Crop-Safety
High efficacy against target pest,
secondary pests
Convenience (multicrop-use esp.
in Fruits & Vegetables, dose-rate,
miscibility)
Contribute to high quality
produce in line with legal and
food chain requirements
Gaining importance of output-
driven benefits beyond pest
control (in particular yield)
Page 6
Safeguarding Crop yields is vital Industry is always looking for ways to be more
sustainable – we’re not evil!
Insect Pest Management in Cotton • Dec 2015
Actual losses
due to pests, weeds
& diseases
30 %
58 %
100 %
Actual yield with
crop protection
Yield without
crop protection
Attainable yield
without pests
Prevented
losses
Major crops analyzed: rice, wheat, barley,
corn, potatoes, soybeans, cotton and coffee
28 %
42 %
I (pests)
F (diseases)
H (weeds)
I (pests)
F (diseases)
H (weeds) Today
Without crop protection nearly half of the current harvest would be lost
Further opportunities will open with productivity increase in agriculture
Integrated Approach is the best way to
manage pests & enhance Productivity
Insect Pest Management in Cotton • Dec 2015
• Crop rotation
• Mixed/inter-
cropping
• Refuge planting
• Traits
• Small molecules
• Biologics
• Pheromones
• Beneficial safe
insecticide usage
• Predator shelters
• Beneficial rearing
Page 8
Resistance Management Challenges
Drivers for resistance development
Insect Pest Management in Cotton • Dec 2015
• Continued and frequent use of a single pesticide/mode of action
• Low application rates below label recommendation
• Poor application quality
• Heavy reliance on three protein families – for Lepidoptera control Cry1, Cry2 and Vip3
• Protein families closely related, inducing high probability of cross-resistance
• Chances of economic damage in other crops with common pest, once resistance develops
• Discovery and registration of new modes of action difficult for the entire industry
• Industry pipeline for Small Molecules and traits shows not many new Modes of Action in
next five years
• Available chemical solutions are banned or restricted for some pests in some geographies,
which increases the selection pressure on the available Modes of Action
• Growing demand for food and feed induces farmers to switch to intensified agricultural
practices, leading to growing pest population dynamics and pest shifts
• Increased non-diverse insecticide usage leading to faster resistance development
• Natural enemies of pests under pressure in intensified agriculture environments due to lack of
food sources and shelter
• Use of old chemistry detrimental to natural enemies
Challenging
discovery and
development
of new MoAs
Farmer not following
Good Agricultural
Practices
Few options
in traits/MoAs
No chemical MoA
for some pests
Prolonged,
uninterrupted
crop availability
Lack of natural
enemies
Page 9
Sustainable Agriculture is an integral
part of Bayer ‘s Strategy
Insect Pest Management in Cotton • Dec 2015
Sustainable Agriculture is the only way to overcome the challenges ahead of us!
There is a broad consensus among industry, regulators and civil society:
Sustainability
Environmental
protection
Social
responsibility
Economic
responsibility
• Integrated pest management to reduce the environmental foot-print
• Improved farmland productivity, conserve wildlife habitats, and increase biodiversity
• Protecting & enhancing viable ecosystems
• Improving efficiency & productivity of farming
• Reducing pre- and post-harvest losses
• Optimizing natural resource utilization, e.g. water/energy
• Providing consumers with diverse, affordable, high quality produce all year round
• Improving farmers’ quality of life and livelihood, which benefits communities
• Improving public health & hygiene, thus people’s quality of life and living
standards
Page 10
Focus on Resistance Management in
traits
Insect Pest Management in Cotton • Dec 2015
1. High dose + refuge + pyramids of toxins
1. multiple, highly effective, independent MOAs
2. Effective implementation of IRM plan
1. Industry consensus on plan
2. Transparency and process audits
3. Diversify control tactics
1. Traits + SmMol + Biologics + Biologicals
4. Best Management Practices
1. BCS Integrated Management Recommendations
2. Teaching how to grow refuges effectively
Bt
Cotton
INTERNATIONAL
Page 11
Focus on Integrated Pest Management
in Cotton
Insect Pest Management in Cotton • Dec 2015
1.Increase in awareness
2.Follow the Labels
3.Know the production
mode of action
4.Rotate chemistries by
mode of action
INTERNATIONAL
Page 12
Cotton Integrated Portfolio in India Comprising of innovative solutions
Insect Pest Management in Cotton • Dec 2015
Whip Super
C Super/Admire
2.1 Regent SC
SeedGrowth
Mixed weeds
Aphids/Jassids
Thrips Whitefly
Antracnose/Alternaria Grey Mildew
Plant Growth Regulators Defoliant
150-180 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-80 80-110 130-150 110-130
Confidor
Antracol
Planofix
Stance
Oberon
Movento Energy
Larvin
Solomon 2.2 Sivanto prime
Dropp Ultra
Surpass
1 0 2 3 4 5
Nativo
Existing products
New Product Launches
MCP
Gaucho
MCS
Agronomic services
Page 13
Key Conclusions & Next Steps
Looking into the future in a sustainable way
Insect Pest Management in Cotton • Dec 2015
• India is the largest Cotton Country in the world but productivity is static from
last 5 years
• Introduction of Bt cotton led to reduction of usage of crop protection
chemicals and improved productivity tremendously
• After introduction of Bt-cotton new challenges in pest management has
emerged
• Technology pipeline is limited & we need to preserve what we have
• Need for adopting integrated approach for enhancing the productivity
• To avoid abuse of crop protection chemicals strong focus on Insect
resistance management is required both in traits & small molecules
• Bayer being one of the leading technology developer is fully committed
towards sustainable crop production
Page 14