cortisol and its health impacts
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Cortisol and its Health Impacts. Presenter:Dr. Leung Yiu Kin Associate Professor, Psychology Department, CUHK Dr. Chung Ting Yiu Programme Director, Public Opinion Programme, HKU Date: November 10, 2003. Survey on Cortisol and its Health Impacts. Presenter: Dr Chung Ting Yiu - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Cortisol and its Health ImpactsPresenter: Dr. Leung Yiu Kin
Associate Professor, Psychology Department, CUHK
Dr. Chung Ting Yiu Programme Director, Public Opinion Programme,
HKU
Date: November 10, 2003
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Survey on Cortisol and its Health
Impacts
Presenter: Dr Chung Ting YiuProgramme Director, Public Opinion
Programme, HKU
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RESEARCH OVERVIEWObjective To understand the level of awareness and
knowledge of stress hormone induced health problems and its impacts on Hong Kong working population
Targets 18-49 year old, full time worker, Cantonese-speaking Hong Kong resident
Date October 23 – 25, 2003
Organization The University of Hong Kong Public Opinion Programme
Method Telephone interview through random sampling
Successful response
610 people
Success rate 72.7% (based on qualified targets)
Sampling error Less than 2.0%
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Call detailsSuccessful
rate:
72.7%
Unable to identify whether
numbers are qualified:
1,505
Qualified numbers but
unable conduct interview:
637
Total dialed numbers:
3,756
Unqualified numbers:
1,004
Successful
interviews:
610
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Demographic Information
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GENDER
46%
54%
Successful Samples: 610
MALEFEMALE
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AGE
Successful Samples: 610
37%
40%
23%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
40-49 years old
30-39 years old
18-29 years old
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OCCUPATION
1%
4%
7%
17%
21%
22%
30%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%
Others
Self-employed
Executive
Worker
Service Industry/Sales
Professional
Clerical
Successful Samples: 594
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MARITAL STATUS
1%
63%
36%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Seperated/Windowed
Married
Single
Successful Samples: 605
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WHETHER RESPONDENTS ARE THE FAMILY BREADWINNER
42%
58%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
No
Yes
Successful Samples: 606
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SURVEY RESULT
S
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Evaluation of Stress Level of Hong Kong Working
Population (Self Evaluation)
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Over half consider life is stressful this year
36%
35%
18%9%
1%
Successful sample: 610
quite stressful
very stressful
average
not stressful at all
not too stressful
54%
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Among those who are stressful, 73% are more stressful this year
than last year
3%
24%
73%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%
less stressful thanlast year
about the same
moe stressful thanlast year
Successful samples: 331
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Evaluation of Hong Kong working population’s
stress hormone induced health problems
(Objective evaluation)
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40%
52%53%
48%56%
53%48%
11%
16%13%
9%9%
17%14%19%
25%
38%53%
46%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%
indigestion/constipation
excess waistline*
headache/shoulder muscle fatigue
bad memory
easy to get sick
difficult to concentrate
poor sleep quality/insomnia
worry/mood state
bad temper
feeling tired for no reason
sometime frequentlySuccessful samples:
610 * Male>30 inches , Female>28 inches
72%
The majority of respondents have experienced stress hormone induced health
problems in the past 12 monthsStress hormone induced problems experienced by respondents in the past 12 months
72%69%
65%62%
61%59%
56%
48%
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Successful Samples: 610
90% experienced 3 or more stress hormone induced health problems in
the past 12 months
10%
24%
38%
52%
64%
74%
82%
90%
95%
99%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 120%
10 or more
9 or more
8 or more
7 or more
6 or more
5 or more
4 or more
3 or more
2 or more
1 or more
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Awareness of Stress Hormone Cortisol and Its Health Problems
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Only ¼ have heard about the stress hormone cortisol
25%
72%
3%
Successful Samples: 610
never
yes
don’t know/hard to tell
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Of those who have heard of cortisol, most do not know cortisol may cause
serious health problems
32%
19%
15%13%
13%
5%5%
1%
0%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40%
high cholesterol
big tummy
diabetes
low immunity/easy to get sick
nutrition intake/indigestion
hard to concentrate/endurance
cardiovacular diseases/high blood pressure
insomnia/poor sleep quality
mood problem (nervous, anxiety, etc)
Successful samples: 151 (who have heard about stress hormone cortisol)
In your opinion, what health problems are caused by cortisol?
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The majority of Hong Kong working population is not aware of the impacts of stress hormone cortisol has on physical and mental health.
Only ¼ of the respondents have heard of "cortisol“, and yet, most of them are only aware of its mood related impacts, rather than its association with chronic diseases (such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases).
Summary
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Impacts of stress hormone on work, family,
and social life
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Successful Samples: 609
Over 60% said stress hormone induced health problems are
affecting their work
27%
38%
62%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
affect social life
affect family life
affect work
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27%
28%
72%
2%
1%
12%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%
affect peers/bossrelationship, or how theyevaluate my performance
causing sick leave
reduce work efficiency
sometime freqently Successful Samples: 380 (whose work is affected)
84%
Over 80% whose work is affected said stress hormone induced health problems
have affected job efficiency
29%
29%
Impacts of stress hormone induced health problems on work
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Successful Samples: 231 (whose family life is affected)
Over 70% whose family life is affected reduce communication with family
members, or even give them hard timeImpacts of stress hormone induced health problems on family life
63%
63%
10%
14%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%
poor relationship withfamily, bad temper, or give
them hard time
affect family life, eg. lesscommunication
sometime frequently
77%
73%
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Conclusion
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Hong Kong working population is under prolonged stress, which is
worryingThe majority of Hong Kong working population claimed they are very or quite stressful.90% respondents have experienced at least three stress hormone induced health problems in the past 12 months. Most think such health problems affect work efficiency.As the economy has not been fully recovered, unemployment rate is still high. People needs to “add value” to their work all the time. With salary cut/freeze coming for next year, to prevent stress induced health problems, it is important for Hong Kong workers to properly relieve the stress from work, family and social life.
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Hypercortisolism and its Health Problems
Presenter: Dr. Leung Yiu Kin Associate Professor, Psychology Department, CUHK
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SHORT-TERM vs LONG-TERM STRESS
Short-term stress (eg: meet bad guy in an interview) Long-term stress (eg: bad guy becomes your boss)Long-term stress: Prolonged, uncontrollable and inescapable stress, causing changes in body mechanics in order to produce energy to cope with stress
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The HPA Axis (hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal gland)
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Biological change due to stress hormone, cortisol
Stress hormone, Cortisol, breakdowns protein and body fats and turns them to glucose in order to supply body with more energy to deal with stressThe body needs proteins to form high-level biochemical substance, and thus prolonged breaking of protein and fats will cause :
Suppression of immunity (lack white blood cells)Inability to repair damaged cellsThe problem that the brain stops thinking about pleasurable things and instead focusing on potential threats, therefore, increasing anxiety and depressionDamage of brain cells, affecting memory, sleep quality and concentration Cardiovascular diseases (such as stroke, heart diseases) Diabetes
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Emotional stress and neuro-atrophy (Magarinos, et al., 1996)
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Loss of neurons and dendritic atrophy in stressed male monkey (Sapolsky, 1990)
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Prolonged hypercortisolism is
detrimental to health and
must not be undermined
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How to handle prolonged hypercortisolism?
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How to deal with it effectively ?
Focus on the basics: find out root causes of stresslifestyleinterpersonal relationshipjob mismatch
If the causes cannot be resolved, should change the way we think and apply behavioural changes
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7-well Approach for Stress-relief
Body MindEat well Love wellSleep well Play wellExercise well Work well
Attitude well
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The End