corruption nana nimo appiah-agyekum ( [email protected] , office: gb s9)

CorruptionNana Nimo Appiah-Agyekum

([email protected], Office: GB S9)

Thursday, 11th November, 2012 @ A1 , UGBS

mailto:[email protected]

The poorest countries of the world

Nana Nimo Appiah-Agyekum([email protected], Office: GB S9)

Thursday, 11th november , 2012 @ A1 , UGBS


Background

Zimbabwe 100 billion dollar is not even enough to buy a loaf of bread.




Background

AfghanistanAfghanistan has 28 million people is the worlds' largest exporter of heroin




Background

Central African Republicentirely dependent on foreign aid and NGOs. It's self-sufficient when it comes to food but has malnutrition and famine because farm owners rather sell their products to other foreign countries. Nana Nimo Appiah-Agyekum

([email protected], Office: GB S9) Thursday, 11th november , 2012 @ A1 , UGBS


Background

Burundiknown for its wars. has the highest percentage of HIV and AIDS, poor access to education and corruption. majority of children suffer from chronic malnutrition. Nana Nimo Appiah-Agyekum



Background

DR Congo 2nd largest country in Africa by area and the eleventh largest in the world. has the world's second-highest rate of infant mortality. More children under the age of five years old die from pneumonia Nana Nimo Appiah-Agyekum



Background

Eritreahas 824 schools and two universities. Illiteracy is one of their biggest problems. Their economy is largely based on agriculture; about 80% of the people are involved in farming and herding. Nana Nimo Appiah-Agyekum



Background

Niger Economy centres on subsistence crops, livestock and some of the world's largest uranium deposits.Drought and food crises are common. People die of diarrhoea, hepatitis A, malaria, typhoid fever and meningococcal meningitisNana Nimo Appiah-Agyekum



Background

Liberia high unemployment rate and noted for blood diamonds during the civil war. Diamond exports are banned by UN. Education sector is hampered by inadequate schools and supplies, as well as a lack of qualified teachers.Nana Nimo Appiah-Agyekum



Background

Sierra Leonepopulation is about 6.4 million; about 66% adults are illiterate. 50 000 people were killed in the country's civil war, leaving the people even poorer than ever. Nana Nimo Appiah-Agyekum



Background

Sierra LeonePoverty. Majority of women in Somalia are unemployed. pregnancy and poverty are the main factors that contribute too poverty.Pirating Nana Nimo Appiah-Agyekum



corruption




Point of emphasis• corruption cost the continent

roughly $283 billion a year. AU (2008) • Developed countries gave $22.5

billion in aid to sub-Saharan Africa (OECD,2008).


Thursday, 1st september, 2011 @ A1 , UGBS


Enabling factors of corruption • Low political competition• Low and uneven economic growth• A weak civil society• Weak institutional mechanisms




Personal motivations for corruption




Why people offer unfair advantage of others in terms of• Lower taxes•Get appointment or promotion• To win contracts• To get things done quickly• To avoid fines or penalties•Other reasons




Why people seek For special reasons known only to them• to use for patronage• corrupt benefits serve as insurance when

they fear loss of office • To maintain their standards of living•Resentment over bad management or poor

pay levels• Suspicion and threat from corrupt colleagues • Status




Bad systems




Bad systemsThe underlying reason that

people get involved in corruption is that systems don’t work well and create bad incentives.




Causes of corruption1. Clear opportunity2. Little chance of getting caught • Poor accountability• Lack of transparency• Poor monitoring and supervision4. Poor conditions of service5. Unbearable circumstances /illegitimate laws6. Poor ethics7. Poor incentives to fight corruption




Causes of corruption8. Lack of political commitment9. Weak legal and institutional environment10.Over politicization 11. socio-cultural practices / pressure12.Over -bureaucratization 13.Desire to get rich quick14.Poverty 15.Greed16.etc




Addressing corruptionThe NIS




Structures of an Integrity systemLegal and political structures have to be built

upon five mutually supporting strategic pillars and values, which are:

• Impartiality and objectivity. • Integrity. • Transparency. • Accountability. • Public trust.




Institutions in NIS1. Executive2. Legislature 3. Electoral commission 4. Political Party systems, funding and

expenditure5. Supreme audit Institution6. Judiciary7. Civil service8. Police and Prosecutor




Institutions in NIS9. Public prosecutor10. Watchdog agencies11. Provender (ombudsman)12. Media13. Civil society14. Local government




corruption nana nimo appiah-agyekum ( [email protected] , office: gb s9)

Documents