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CARBON NANOTUBE

VIVEK KUMAR

solevivek@gmail.com

ABSRACT:

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are a recently discovered allotrope of carbon. They take the form of

cylindrical carbon molecules and have novel properties that make them potentially useful in a

wide variety of applications in nanotechnology, electronics, optics, and other fields of materials

science. They exhibit extraordinary strength and unique electrical properties, and are efficient

conductors of heat. Inorganic nanotubes have also been synthesized.

INTRDUCTION:

Carbon nanotubes are wires of pure carbon with nanometer diameters and lengths of many

microns. A single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) may be thought of as a single atomic layer

thick sheet of graphite (called graphene) rolled into a seamless cylinder. Multi-walled carbon

nanotubes (MWNT) consist of several concentric nanotube shells.

HISTORY:

carbon nanotubes is a direct consequence of the synthesis of buckminsterfullerene, C60, and

other fullerenes, in 1985.. It was using such an evaporator that the Japanese scientist Sumio

Iijima discovered fullerene-related carbon nanotubes in 1991. The tubes contained at least two

layers, often many more, and ranged in outer diameter from about 3 nm to 30 nm.

In 1993, a new class of carbon nanotube was discovered, with just a single layer. These single-walled nanotubes are generally narrower than the multiwalled tubes, with diameters typically

in the range 1-2 nm, and tend to be curved rather than straight.

Recent research has focused on improving the quality of catalytically-produced nanotubes.

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PROPERTIES:

Strength Kinetic

Electrical Thermal Conductance and Mobility Arc discharge Laser ablation Chemical vapor deposition (CVD)

APPLICATIONS:

Clothes: waterproof tear-resistant cloth fibers. Ultrahigh-speed flywheels: The high strength/weight ratio enables very high speeds to

be achieved.

Concrete: In concrete, they increase the tensile strength, and halt crack propagation Polyethylene: Researchers have found that adding them to polyethylene increases the

polymer's elastic modulus by 30%.

Computer circuits: A nanotube formed by joining nanotubes of two different diametersend to end can act as a diode, Because of their good thermal properties, CNTs can also

be used to dissipate heat from tiny computer chips. Displays: One use for nanotubes that has already been developed is as extremely fine

electron guns, which could be used as miniature cathode ray tubes in thin high-

brightness low-energy low-weight displays. T

Solar cells: GE's carbon nanotube diode has a photovoltaic effect. Superconductor: Nanotubes have been shown to be superconducting at low

temperatures.

Electric motor brushes: Conductive carbon nanotubes have been used for several yearsin brushes for commercial electric motors.

REFERENCES:

www.google.com

www.seminarprojects.com

www.en.wikipedia.com

www.ieee.org

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SUBMITTED BY:

VIVEK KUMAR

EC-65

3rd Year, 5th Seminar