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TRANSCRIPT
Copyright (c) 2008, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Copyright © 2005, Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 22Copyright (c) 2008, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Chapter 4Chapter 4
Organ Systems of the Body
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Learning ObjectivesLearning Objectives
• Define and contrast the terms organ and organ system
• List the 11 major organ systems of the body• Identify and locate the major organs of each
major organ system• Briefly describe the major functions of each
major organ system• Identify and discuss the major subdivisions of
the reproductive system
Copyright © 2005, Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 44Copyright (c) 2008, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Chapter 4Lesson 4.1Chapter 4
Lesson 4.1
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Organ SystemsOrgan Systems
• Organ: A structure made up of two or more kinds of tissues organized in such a way that they can together perform a more complex function than can any tissue alone
• Organ system: A group of organs arranged in such a way that they can together perform a more complex function than can any organ alone
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• Integumentary System Structure—organs
Skin Hair Nails Sense receptors Sweat glands Oil glands
Functions Protection Regulation of body temperature Synthesis of chemicals Sense organ
Organ Systems (cont'd.)Organ Systems (cont'd.)
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Organ Systems (cont'd.)Organ Systems (cont'd.)
Integumentary System
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Organ Systems (cont'd.)Organ Systems (cont'd.)
• Skeletal system Structure
Bones Joints
Functions Support Movement (with joints and muscles) Storage of minerals Blood cell formation
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Organ Systems (cont'd.)Organ Systems (cont'd.)
Skeletal System
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Organ Systems (cont'd.)Organ Systems (cont'd.)
• Muscular system Structure
Muscleso Voluntary or striatedo Involuntary or smootho Cardiac
Functions Movement Maintenance of body pressure Production of heat
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Organ Systems (cont'd.)Organ Systems (cont'd.)
Muscular System
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Organ Systems (cont'd.)Organ Systems (cont'd.)
• Nervous system Structure
Brain Spinal cord Nerves Sense organs
Functions Communication between body functions Integration of body functions Control of body functions Recognition of sensory stimuli
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Organ Systems (cont'd.)Organ Systems (cont'd.)
Nervous System
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Organ Systems (cont'd.)Organ Systems (cont'd.)
• Endocrine system Structure
Pituitary gland Pineal gland Hypothalamus Thyroid gland Parathyroid gland
Functions Secretion of special substances called
hormones directly into the blood Same as nervous system—communication,
integration, and control
Thymus gland Adrenal glands Pancreas Ovaries (female) Testes (male)
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Organ Systems (cont'd.)Organ Systems (cont'd.)
Endocrine System
Copyright © 2005, Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved. Slide 1616Copyright (c) 2008, 2005 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Chapter 4Lesson 4.2Chapter 4
Lesson 4.2
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• Cardiovascular (Circulatory) System Structure
Heart Blood vessels
o Arterieso Veinso Capillaries
Functions Transportation Regulation of body temperature Immunity (body defense)
Organ Systems (cont'd.)Organ Systems (cont'd.)
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Cardiovascular(Circulatory) System
Organ Systems (cont'd.)Organ Systems (cont'd.)
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Organ Systems (cont'd.)Organ Systems (cont'd.)
• Lymphatic system Structure
Lymph nodes Lymphatic vessels Thymus Spleen
Functions Transportation Immunity (body defense)
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Organ Systems (cont'd.)Organ Systems (cont'd.)
Lymphatic System
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Organ Systems (cont'd.)Organ Systems (cont'd.)
• Respiratory system Structure
Nose Pharynx Larynx
Trachea Bronchi Lungs
Functions Exchange of waste gas (carbon dioxide) for
oxygen in the lungs Area of gas exchange in the lungs called alveoli Filtration of irritants from inspired air Warms and humidifies air Regulation of acid–base balance
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Organ Systems (cont'd.)Organ Systems (cont'd.)
Respiratory System
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Organ Systems (cont'd.)Organ Systems (cont'd.)
• Digestive system Structure
Primary organso Moutho Pharynxo Esophaguso Stomacho Small intestineo Large intestineo Rectumo Anal canal
Accessory organso Teetho Salivary glandso Tongueo Livero Gallbladdero Pancreaso Appendix
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Organ Systems (cont'd.)Organ Systems (cont'd.)
• Digestive system Functions
Mechanical and chemical breakdown (digestion) of food
Absorption of nutrients
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Organ Systems (cont'd.)Organ Systems (cont'd.)
Digestive System
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Organ Systems (cont'd.)Organ Systems (cont'd.)
• Urinary system Structure
Kidneys Ureters Urinary bladder Urethra
Functions Cleaning or clearing blood of waste products—waste
product excreted from body is called urine Electrolyte balance Water balance Acid–base balance Secretion of a erythropoietin necessary for red blood cell
production
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Organ Systems (cont'd.)Organ Systems (cont'd.)
Urinary System
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Organ Systems (cont'd.)Organ Systems (cont'd.)
• Reproductive System Structure
Maleo Gonad: Testeso Genital ducts: Vas deferens, urethrao Urethra: Carries sperm and serves as
passageway for urineo Accessory gland: Prostateo Supporting structures: Genitalia
(penis and scrotum)
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Organ Systems (cont'd.)Organ Systems (cont'd.)
Male ReproductiveSystem
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Organ Systems (cont'd.)Organ Systems (cont'd.)
• Reproductive system Structure
Femaleo Gonads: Ovarieso Accessory organs: Uterus, uterine (fallopian)
tubes, vaginao Supporting structures: Genitalia (vulva),
mammary glands (breasts) Functions
Survival of genes Production of sex cells (ova) Development and birth of offspring Nourishment of offspring Production of sex hormones
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Organ Systems (cont'd.)Organ Systems (cont'd.)
Female ReproductiveSystem