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Copyright © 2014 by the Canadian Angus Association All rights reserved. No part of this handbook may be reproduced in any form or by any means without prior written consent of the Canadian Angus Association, excepting forms, which may be copied for individual use.

The Canadian Angus Association

The Canadian Aberdeen Angus Association, operating as the Canadian Angus Association, is a not-for-profit association incorporated under the Animal Pedigree Act and represents members from across Canada for the purposes of registering and recording the pedigrees of purebred Angus cattle and promoting the breed across Canada. The Canadian Angus Association is Canada’s leading beef breed, with the most members, the most purebred beef cattle registrations and the most influence in the commercial cattle herd. Mission Statement The Canadian Angus Association exists to preserve and expand the Angus breed to provide the best opportunities for profitability for future generations. Vision Statement The Canadian Angus Association exists to preserve and expand the Angus breed for Canadian cattle producers and beef consumers, providing the best opportunities for profitability today and for future generations Contact the Canadian Angus Association:

Toll-free: 1-888-571-3580 Phone: (403) 571-3580 Fax: (403) 571-3599 Online: www.cdnangus.ca E-mail: [email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

About this Handbook This handbook contains essential information about the Canadian Angus Association’s policies, procedures, programs and services. It includes step-by-step instructions to help you complete your paperwork correctly. All forms can be downloaded from our website (www.cdnangus.ca). As the Canadian Angus Association is incorporated under the Animal Pedigree Act, members of the Association are bound to conform to the Act. Excerpts of the Act are included in this handbook and the entire Animal Pedigree Act can be found on the Government of Canada website (http://www.agr.gc.ca/eng/industry-markets-and-trade/statistics-and-market-information/by-product-sector/animal-genetics/animal-pedigree-act/?id=1382649715170). This handbook is a valuable tool for all Angus producers. Keep it handy so you can reference it when you have questions. It is vital that members understand and comply with the Canadian Angus Association’s rules and guidelines. The handbook is subject to change and it is your responsibility to keep up to date with rule changes. This handbook will be updated as policies change. Notices about changes will be posted on our website and in our electronic newsletter. If you do not have Internet access and require that we send you printed updates to the handbook, please contact us and ask to have your name added to the handbook update mailing list.

http://www.agr.gc.ca/eng/industry-markets-and-trade/statistics-and-market-information/by-product-sector/animal-genetics/animal-pedigree-act/?id=1382649715170

http://www.agr.gc.ca/eng/industry-markets-and-trade/statistics-and-market-information/by-product-sector/animal-genetics/animal-pedigree-act/?id=1382649715170

Table of Contents

1. Introduction to the Canadian Angus Association Benefits of Membership.........................................................................................................................................1 Types of Membership.........................................................................................................................................1, 2 Canadian Junior Angus Association (CJAA)...................................................................................................3 Canadian Angus Foundation.................................................................................................................................3 Canadian Angus Gold Show Program................................................................................................................4 Long-Term Recognition..........................................................................................................................................4 Website...........................................................................................................................................................................5 Herdbook.........................................................................................................................................................6 Constitution and Bylaws.........................................................................................................................................7

A. Preamble ..................................................................................................................................................................7 Incorporation.................................................................................................................................................7 Name.................................................................................................................................................................7 Mission..............................................................................................................................................................7 B. Administrative Bylaws ......................................................................................................................................7 Membership....................................................................................................................................................7 Board of Directors........................................................................................................................................9 Suspension, Expulsion, Offences and Penalties ..............................................................................12 Financial and Contractual Obligations.............................................................................................15 C. Regulatory Bylaws.............................................................................................................................................17 Registration.................................................................................................................................................17 Rules of Eligibility......................................................................................................................................19 Application for Registration..................................................................................................................20 Leases.............................................................................................................................................................21 Transfer Certificates................................................................................................................................21 Duplicate Certificates..............................................................................................................................22 Private Herd Records and Authority to Inspect.............................................................................22 D. Appendix................................................................................................................................................................23 Excerpts from the Animal Pedigree Act............................................................................................23 Canadian Angus Association Breeder’s Guarantee Guidelines.................................................25

2. Registry Information The Value of a Registration Certificate.............................................................................................................1 Choosing and Registering Tattoo Letters........................................................................................................2 Tattooing and Registering Tattoo Letters..........................................................................................2 Year and Corresponding Letter Chart..................................................................................................3 Properly Tattooing Your Angus..............................................................................................................4 Re-Tattooing.................................................................................................................................................................5 Choosing and Registering a Herd Name...........................................................................................................6 Guidelines for Naming Angus Cattle..................................................................................................................6

Registering Angus Cattle.........................................................................................................................................7 Registration Requirements.......................................................................................................................7 How to Complete the Herd Inventory and Application for Registration (CAAFORM1).....9 Registering Artificial Insemination (AI) Calves.............................................................................12 Registering Embryo Transplant (ET) Calves..................................................................................13

How to Complete the Embryo Transplant Application for Registration (CAAFORM26)…………15

Official Rules Governing Cell-Cloned Transplants.........................................................................17 Registering Foreign Animals.................................................................................................................18

Request for Information..........................................................................................................................19 Transferring Angus Cattle...................................................................................................................................19 How to Transfer.........................................................................................................................................20 Non-Financial Transfers.........................................................................................................................20 Leasing Animals: What You Should Know....................................................................................................21 Online Authorized Users......................................................................................................................................21 DNA Parentage Verification Policy..................................................................................................................22 How to DNA Test for Parentage and Coat Colour......................................................................................23 How to Collect Hair Samples.................................................................................................................26

3. Breed Development Canadian Angus Performance Program...........................................................................................................1 Heritability......................................................................................................................................................1 EPD Accuracy.................................................................................................................................................2 Whole Herd Reporting................................................................................................................................3 Adjustment Factors......................................................................................................................................6 Management and Contemporary Groups........................................................................................................8 Measuring and Submitting Performance Data..............................................................................................8 Birth Reports and Worksheets................................................................................................................9 How to Complete the 205-Day Weight Worksheet.......................................................................11 205-Day/Weaning Weight Reports....................................................................................................13 EPD Reports.................................................................................................................................................13 How to Complete the 365-Day Weight Worksheet.......................................................................15 Yearling Reports........................................................................................................................................17 Converting Hip Height into Frame Scores........................................................................................27 Ultrasound Scanning................................................................................................................................19 How to Complete the Ultrasound Scanning – Barn Worksheet (CAAFORM24).................20 Ultrasound Scanning Results Report..................................................................................................21 How to Complete the Heifer Exposure Worksheet........................................................................22 Elite Programs..........................................................................................................................................................23 Genetic Conditions…...........................................................................…............…........................…....................24 Genetic Condition Policy......................................................................................................................................25 Geneprob Herd Analysis..........................................................................................................................27

DNA Testing for Genetic Defects..........................................................................................................27 Reporting an Abnormal Calf..................................................................................................................28

4. Marketing

Markets for Angus Cattle........................................................................................................................................2 Member Tools..............................................................................................................................................................3 Canadian Angus Pedigree.........................................................................................................................3 Canadian Angus Registration Certificate............................................................................................3 Expected Progeny Difference (EPD’s) ..................................................................................................3 Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed Tags...........................................................................................3 Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed Tag Gift Certificates.............................................................4 Logos for Member Use................................................................................................................................4

Pedigree Extract Services..........................................................................................................................5 Elite Cows and Sires.....................................................................................................................................5

Online Events Calendar..............................................................................................................................5 BIXS...................................................................................................................................................................5

5. Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed

Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed Tags.......................................................................................................2

6. Forms

7. Glossary

8. Index

The Angus Year Every Angus operation is different, but a typical year for an Angus breeder may go something like this: January – March

• Annual membership fees are due on January 1

• Spring calving Members receive their Spring Herd Inventory and Application for Registration (CAAFORM11) forms and their membership renewal package

• Weaning and weighing of fall-born calves

• Submit yearling weights and ultrasound data for spring-born calves

• Bull congresses and trade shows

• Submit pedigree extract requests for sale catalogues to the Canadian Angus Association

• Bull sales

• Canadian Angus Bull Buyers Guide mailed out to Commercial listings (15,000)

• Canadian Junior Angus Association GOAL (Guiding Outstanding Angus Leaders) Conference

March – June

• Tattooing of calves

• Annual National Convention (June)

• Annual report is released

July – September

• Fall calving and tattooing

• Completed Herd Inventory and Application for Registration (CAAFORM11) are encouraged before the calves have reached six months of age, for spring calving herds on the Canadian Angus Performance Program

• Members receive Fall Herd Inventory and Application for Registration (CAAFORM11)

• Gold Shows and Canadian Junior Angus Association Showdown

September – November

• Fall feeder calf sales and Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed Sales

• Bred female sales

• Canadian Angus member directory mailed out to Commercial listings

• Submit pedigree extract requests for sale catalogues to the Canadian Angus Association

• Weaning of spring-born calves

• Submit weaning weights for spring-born calves and yearling weights and ultrasound data for fall-born calves

• Gold Shows and Canadian Angus National Show

http://cdnangus.ca/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/CAAFORM11-Herd_Inventory_Application_Registration_fillable.pdf

December

• Completed Herd Inventory and Application for Registration (CAAFORM11) are encouraged before calves have reached six months of age for fall calving herds on the performance program

• Order Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed Tags by the end of the year to avoid delays and to receive them in plenty of time for calving season

Introduction

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Introduction to the Canadian Angus Association Benefits of Membership In addition to being part of the largest beef breed in Canada, membership in the Canadian Angus Association provides you with rights and privileges and access to information to assist you in superior breed development to help ensure your success in the purebred business. The benefits of membership include:

• Members in good standing are eligible to vote and serve on the Board of Directors

• Members may register eligible animals

• Registered animals may compete in Canadian Angus Association Gold Shows and vie for the annual Show Female of the Year and Show Bull of the Year awards

• Eligible to participate in the Canadian Angus Performance Program and receive Expected Progeny Differences (EPDs)

• Eligible to request pedigree extracts for sale catalogues which may then be posted on the Canadian Angus Association website

• Members receive enhanced web access through the Authorized Users section of the Canadian Angus Association website

• If you have a valid e-mail address on file, the monthly e-newsletter will be sent to you by e-mail, keeping you informed about deadlines, news, policy changes and Association events

• Field staff represents Canadian Angus Association members at sales and industry events across Canada

• Membership in your regional Angus Association is included

• Increased marketing opportunities through the Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed Tag Program

Types of Membership Please see the current fee schedule for membership fees. Membership is available to a junior, young breeder, an individual, a partnership, a company or a non-resident of Canada. No animal can be registered for the calendar year until the annual membership fee has been paid, and a membership fee must be paid for the year in which the animal was born. Use the Canadian Angus Association Membership Application (CAAFORM1) to apply for membership and to document signing authority for the membership being applied for. Any revisions to a signing authority are to be provided on Signing Authority Agreement on Behalf of Individuals, Partnerships, Ranches, etc. (CAAFORM7)

http://cdnangus.ca/about-us/fee-schedule/

http://cdnangus.ca/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/CAAFORM1-Canadian_Angus_Association_Membership_Application_fillable1.pdf

http://cdnangus.ca/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/CAAFORM7-Signing_Authority_Agreement_Individuals_Partnerships_Ranches_fillable.pdf


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Junior Membership Junior memberships are available to individuals who are 21 years of age of younger. Junior members have the same rights and privileges as members, but do not have the right to hold office in the Association. A Junior membership application must include the birth date of the junior member making the application. Individual, Partnership or Company You may join the Association and have your membership issued in your individual name, in the name of a partnership, or the name under which you operate your business. When you apply for a membership, you should clearly indicate the name in which the membership is to be issued. If registrations are to be issued in the name of the individual person, the membership should be in the name of the individual; if they are to be issued in the name of a farm or ranch, the membership should be in the exact name of the farm or ranch; if they are to be issued in the name of the partnership, the membership should be in the exact name of the partnership; if they are to be issued in the name of a company, then the membership should be in the exact name of the company. If two of more members of the Canadian Angus Association wish to own cattle jointly, they are required to take out a partnership membership. The partnership would thus be shown as the owner of the animal(s) on the registration certificate. Registered tattoo letters are required to register calves in the name of a partnership. Young Breeder Membership A special membership rate is available to Young Angus breeders who are between the age of 22-31, a date of birth is required on file for these members to receive the special membership rate. Non-Resident Membership Non-Resident membership is available to individual residents outside of Canada. Non-resident members are not able to hold office and are not eligible to vote. Life Memberships Life memberships were available for purchase by individuals prior to July 1, 1980. They are non-transferable and are no longer available. Life members are entitled to vote and hold office in the Association. An annual activity fee is charged to life members who are active breeders and wish to conduct transactions such as registering and transferring cattle. Associate Membership Associate members are producers who have had a purebred animal transferred into their name, but do not register breeding stock. By owning a registered Angus animal, Associate members qualify to purchase Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed Tags, which visually and electronically identify Angus influence cattle. Associate members do not need to apply for membership; membership is automatically granted when the animal is transferred. Commercial members are able to transfer animals through the Association and are subject to the same rules and regulations as members. Membership Name and ID Number In order for us to serve you better, please include your membership name and membership ID number when corresponding with the Canadian Angus Association

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When applying for a new membership, any registration certificates that are in possession of the member making application for membership should be reviewed. Any registration certificates for animals that you currently own can be returned for correction to reflect the membership name and membership ID number being applied for. There will be no charge for this service as it ensures that Herd Inventories will be as accurate as possible and will assure efficiency when registering your Angus animals. When purchasing Angus animals, be sure that the seller uses your membership name and ID number to increase efficiencies and assist with correct transfer applications. Canadian Junior Angus Association

The CJAA’s goal is to help prepare future cattlemen for the beef industry by educating and informing Juniors about the Angus industry. Junior memberships are available to any dedicated Angus enthusiast who is 21 years of age or younger. Junior members are eligible to participate in the CJAA Board but do not have the right to vote or hold office in the Canadian Angus Association. The CJAA Board acts as the liaison between the Canadian Angus Association and the CJAA.

As a CJAA member:

• You will receive a subscription to the CJAA newsletter “Junior Connections”.

• If you provide your e-mail address, you will receive the Canadian Angus Association’s monthly electronic newsletter.

• You are able to participate in all CJAA events including Showdown and the annual GOAL (Guiding Outstanding Angus Leaders) conference. Showdown is the Canadian Junior Angus Show and moves between regions and incorporates many activities beyond conformation and showmanship, such as print marketing, sales talks, photography, grooming, farm sign, art, show team judging and public speaking. GOAL is an annual leadership conference with the main objectives of getting more Junior Angus members involved and excited about the breed with fun and interactive activities and motivational speakers.

• You are eligible to apply for CJAA scholarships.

• You have the right to register animals; however, registering your own animals is not required.

• You have access to the Canadian Angus Association’s member tools.

For more information about the CJAA, visit the website at http://juniors.cdnangus.ca Canadian Angus Foundation

The Canadian Angus Foundation is a registered charity that functions to preserve and expand the Angus breed for future generations through education, youth development, scientific and market research, and historical restoration. The Canadian Angus Foundation relies on

http://juniors.cdnangus.ca/

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volunteers and is funded by generous donations from Angus breeders and industry groups. Through donations, the Canadian Angus Foundation provides scholarships to Junior members of the Canadian Angus Association. In 2005, the Foundation created the Robert C. McHaffie Junior Ambassador program. Being the Junior Ambassador is very rewarding and filled with once-in-a-lifetime opportunities. The purpose of the Junior Ambassador program is to showcase a Junior member as an example to all youth of what is possible. The Canadian Angus Foundation is committed to maintaining an accurate record of the history of the Angus breed in Canada. Many members of the Canadian Angus Association have been very generous in donating items they feel would be of interest and value to our archives, from old herd books to sales catalogues and photographs. This historical Canadian Angus memorabilia is proudly displayed at Angus Central. Donations of historical Canadian Angus memorabilia are graciously accepted on an ongoing basis. For more information about the Canadian Angus Foundation, visit the website at www.canangusfoundation.ca Canadian Angus Gold Show Program Developed in1989 by the CAA, the Gold Show program encourages breeders to move between regions to show cattle. Individual animals must show in a minimum of three Gold Shows in at least two different regions in a given year to qualify for awards. Awards are presented based on the number of points collected over the course of the show season. Each year the following awards are presented in both red and black categories:

• Show Bull of the Year (plus runner up & honourable mention)

• Show Female of the Year (plus runner up & honourable mention)

• Heifer Calf Champion

• Bull Calf Champion

• Junior Female Champion

• Junior Bull Champion

• Senior Female Champion

• Senior Bull Champion

Canadian Angus Gold Show Requirements:

• Each region may designate two shows per year as Gold Shows (except the Maritimes who can designate three shows) in which breeders can accumulate points for individual animals that are exhibited. The Canadian Angus Association maintains the official list of recognized shows.

• Show must be open to all members of the Canadian Angus Association.

• There is no cost to show organizers for inclusion in the program.

• Regions will notify the CAA of which shows have been designated along with show location and show dates by March 1st each year.

http://www.canangusfoundation.ca/

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• Animals competing must have a Canadian Angus Association registration number at time of judging. Unregistered, pending and “applied for” animals will not be awarded points or count toward grant funding.

• Animals born in or after 2012 must have a CCIA or ATQ ‘Angus Tag’

• Any animal with colour products applied to it in a Canadian Angus Association sponsored show will be disqualified from the show and the show deemed ineligible for financial support from the CAA.

• The class structure may be determined by the show organizing committee however it is encouraged that the Canadian Angus Association Gold Show Class Structure provided be used whenever possible.

• Individual animal points vary depending on the number of entries in the show. Points are awarded to the top six animals in each class or split, divisional champions and reserve, grand champions and reserve.

• There are no limits on the number of animals that can be exhibited by an individual member.

• Requirements are subject to change. The Canadian Angus Association will communicate changes to the regional associations.

The rules of individual shows differ, and it is the responsibility of each breeder to know and follow the rules of the show. Failure to comply with the show rules may result in an animal’s disqualification. Long-Term Recognition In 1998, the Canadian Angus Association instituted a long-term recognition award program to recognize those individuals and families that have demonstrated a long-time commitment to the Angus breed in Canada by maintaining a continuous membership in the Association for at least 50 years. The program was expanded in 2011 to also recognize families with 75 and 100 years of continuous membership. The recipients of this award are recognized at the annual general meeting each year and are presented with a plaque in recognition of their achievements. In addition, their names are added to a plaque honoring all award recipients that is on display at Angus Central. Website The Canadian Angus Association maintains a website (www.cdnangus.ca). The website is where you can find the most current information about the breed. Although our website is always changing, here are some of the key features that you will find online:

• Contact information for Canadian Angus Association staff, the Board of Directors and regional Angus Association representatives

• Current fee schedule

• Canadian Angus Online Herdbook

• Details about the annual national convention

http://www.cdnangus.ca/

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• Events calendar

• Gold Show dates and locations

• Important deadlines and announcements

• Breed development information such as genetic evaluation results

• List of Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed Sales

• Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed Tag Program information and order form

• The ability to register calves and enter performance data electronically

• The monthly e-newsletter with announcements, deadline reminders and important information for Angus breeders

• Copies of press releases

• Links to international Angus associations and industry partners

Herdbook The Canadian Angus Association’s full pedigree database is available online. Through the online Herdbook, you can trace the lineage of any registered Angus animal, locate the progeny of sires and dams, research their EPDs and contact the breeders responsible for Angus genetics. Search options include:

• Animal Inquiry: Search for animals by name, tattoo or registration number, or look for groups of animals using a variety of search criteria.

• EPD Inquiry: Search for bulls or females that meet your specific EPD criteria.

• Member Inquiry: Search for members of the Canadian Angus Association using their name, membership number of herd name.

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Constitution and Bylaws

Constitution Canadian Aberdeen Angus Association

Bylaws

A. PREAMBLE ARTICLE 1—INCORPORATION The Canadian Aberdeen Angus Association is incorporated under the auspices of the Animal Pedigree Act of Canada. The Bylaws of the Canadian Aberdeen Angus Association are hereby adopted. ARTICLE 2—NAME The name of the Association shall be the “Canadian Aberdeen Angus Association”, operating under the trade name “Canadian Angus Association.” ARTICLE 3—MISSION To preserve and expand the Angus breed to provide the best opportunities for future generations.

B. ADMINISTRATIVE BYLAWS ARTICLE 1—MEMBERSHIP 1.1 Classes and Conditions of Membership (a) MEMBERS: Shall be those individuals, partnerships, or companies, incorporated under federal or provincial charter, resident in Canada, who pay the prescribed annual membership fee due the first day of January of each year. (b) NON-RESIDENT MEMBERS: Individual residents outside of Canada may become members, but shall not hold office or been titled to vote at any meeting. (c) JUNIOR MEMBERS: Junior members shall be those individuals under twenty-one (21) years of age as of January 1 during the membership year, resident in Canada who have paid the prescribed annual membership fee due the first day of January of each year. Junior members shall not hold office, nor be entitled to a vote. (d) LIFE MEMBERS: All those who purchased Life Memberships prior to July1, 1980. Life memberships are held in the name of individuals and are non-transferable. Life members are entitled to vote and receive copies of any official information the CAA supplies. (e) NON-MEMBERS: Any person not a member of this Association transferring animals on the records of the Association shall be subject to the same rules and regulations as a member.

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1.2 Applications for Membership (a) Application for membership shall be in writing and each applicant, on becoming a member, shall be bound by the Bylaws and amendments thereto and all rules of the Association. (b) The Board of Directors shall have the power to reject any application for membership. (c) Application for partnership or incorporated company membership shall specify the person authorized to vote, act, or sign, for the partnership or company. (d) A member in good standing is a member who has complied with the regulations as hereinafter set forth and who is not in arrears of membership or other fees or dues nor is suspended. 1.3 Rights and Obligations of Members (a) No member shall be entitled to any of the rights and privileges of the Association during any year until his/her annual fee for that year is paid. (b) No member shall hold office or be entitled to vote at a meeting, or to give notice to amend these Bylaws if he/she is at the time in arrears of membership or other fees or dues and no member shall be entitled to vote who was not a member of the Association at the time notice was given calling such meeting. 1.4 Fees The Board of Directors shall from time to time set the fees charged to members and non-members doing business with the Canadian Angus Association. 1.5 Annual and Other Meetings of Members (a) The annual general meeting of this Association shall be held at such time and at such place as decided upon by the Board of Directors. (b) Other general meetings shall be held at the time and place fixed by the Board of Directors. (c) At the written request of twenty (20) members, the CEO or the President shall call a special general meeting of the Association at such place as he/she may designate, which meeting shall have the same status as if it had been called in the regular way by the Board of Directors of this Association, but such meeting shall have no power to amend these Bylaws. 1.6 Notice A notice of at least thirty (30) days in advance shall be given by mail indicating the time and place of the annual meeting or other general meetings. This notice shall be given by a circular letter, postage prepaid, to the last known address appearing on the books of the Association. In the event of the Association providing a website, notice published therein shall be deemed sufficient.

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1.7 Quorum For the transaction of the business of the Association at an annual or other general meeting a quorum shall be twenty-five (25). 1.8 Voting (a) The right to vote at an annual meeting requires paid-up membership for the year that precedes and is concluded by the annual meeting. (b) A member of a partnership or company other than the person mentioned in the application, may be authorized by the partnership, or company, to act or vote at any meeting of the Association, even though that person may have multiple memberships. (c) There is one vote per paid membership and there shall be no proxy voting. ARTICLE 2—BOARD OF DIRECTORS 2.1 Number of Directors The affairs of the Association shall be conducted by a Board of Directors who shall be elected from each of the following regions:

1. British Columbia, N.W.T., Yukon 2. Alberta 3. Saskatchewan 4. Manitoba 5. Ontario 6. Quebec 7. Maritimes

There shall be a Board of Directors comprised of twelve (12) elected Board members. Each region shall be entitled to elect at least one Director. Saskatchewan shall be entitled to three Directors and Alberta shall be entitled to four. 2.2 Terms Directors are elected for three (3)-year terms, and shall hold office from the conclusions of the annual meeting, or as determined by the existing Board of Directors for the purpose of electing the President and President Elect of the coming year. This election may precede the Annual General Meeting for the closing year. 2.3 Elections (a) A member elected to the Board shall not be allowed to serve more than two (2) full consecutive terms plus whatever term may be required if he/she serves in a protected capacity as President Elect, President, or Past President. (b) The names to appear on the ballot for election of Directors from each region shall be all those names nominated by members in good standing at a general meeting of the respective regional association or through a process proposed by the Regional Association and approved by the Board of Directors. The Secretary of the regional association shall submit the names of nominees to the CEO no later than one hundred and twenty (120) days prior to the annual meeting.

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(c) When the name or names submitted equal the number of vacancies that exist that person or persons shall be declared elected and assumes duties effective the day following the annual meeting of that year, or as determined by the existing Board of Directors for the purpose of electing the President and President Elect of the coming year. 2.4 Election Voting (a) Ballots shall be sent to all members in good standing by ninety (90) days prior to the annual meeting. The completed ballot shall be delivered to the office of the Association or postmarked sixty (60) days prior to the annual meeting. All ballots must be in an envelope bearing the words “voting paper”. (b) Ballots for the election of directors shall be counted six (6) business days following the closing of ballots. All members in good standing resident in the region with a vacancy shall be entitled to vote for as many Directors as the region is entitled to elect. Any ballot marked for more than the number of Directors to be elected shall be deemed a spoiled ballot. (c) The envelopes containing the voting papers shall be opened and counted on the day of the said election by the CEO (or in his/her absence someone designated by the President) in the presence of two (2) scrutineers approved by the Board of Directors. (d) If two (2) or more members should receive the same number of votes a second mail ballot election shall be held between the tied candidates. (e) Upon the completion of the count, the CEO shall make a statement in writing of the results to the candidates and regional secretaries. The candidates have the right to request and receive an accounting of the votes cast and the number they received. 2.5 Vacancies on the Board In the case of resignation or loss of a Board member before expiry of their term, the Board of Directors of the respective regional association may appoint a person from that region to fill the remainder of the term. Such a person shall be eligible to run for two full subsequent terms. 2.6 Powers of the Board (a) The Board of Directors is here by empowered to implement such rules and regulations and take such steps, as they deem necessary for the proper enactment and enforcement of the Bylaws of the Association. (b) The Board of Directors shall hire a Chief Executive Officer (CEO) to be the Chief Administrative Officer of the Association to insure the competent management of the Association’s affairs. (c) The CEO shall name an official Registrar. 2.7 Committees of the Board (a) Pedigree Committee: The President or his/her representative, the CEO and the Registrar shall be a committee with the authority to authorize change of ownership, and registration of pedigrees where signatures or other information are for any reason unobtainable. The decision of the Committee shall if unanimous, be final. If the committee is not unanimous, the matter in question shall be submitted to the Board of Directors for decision. This committee of the Board of Directors shall have no power to authorize

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the registration of any animal unless the pedigree of breeding submitted complies in all particulars with the rules of eligibility for registration as outlined else wherein these Bylaws. All decisions of the committee shall be reported to the Board of Directors, and shall be incorporated in the minutes of their next meeting. (b) The Board of Directors may create whatever other committees it considers necessary to assist it in fulfilling its governance accountability. 2.8 Officers of the Board (a) PRESIDENT: During their meeting held during Annual Convention, the Board of Directors shall be asked to ratify by simple majority the elevation of President Elect to President. This will be the second last order of business before adjournment prior to the Annual General Meeting. Upon approval, the President Elect shall assume the office of President immediately upon conclusion of the Annual General Meeting for the ensuing year. (b) The term of the President shall run from the conclusion of the Annual General Meeting until the conclusion of the next annual general meeting. (c) When, for any reason, the President Elect does not assume the office of President, the Board of Directors shall elect among their number, a President for the ensuing year. (d) The President shall preside at all Director and General Meetings of the Association, exercise a general supervision overall the affairs of the Association, and do all matters, acts and things that are usually done by Presidents of similar organizations. The President shall be an ex-officio member of all committees. (e) At meetings of the Directors, the President shall have a vote, as long as he/she votes at the same time as the others of like mind when the question is put. If a tied vote results the motion shall be declared defeated. (f) PRESIDENT ELECT: A President Elect shall be elected by the Board from among their number the last Board of Directors meeting prior to the Annual General Meeting. This will be the final order of business before adjournment prior to the Annual General Meeting. The President Elect will hold office for a similar term, and in case the President is unable to act on account of illness or absence, shall perform all duties of the President. (g) The term of President Elect shall run from the conclusion of the Annual General Meeting until the conclusion of the next annual general meeting. (h) Should the term of office of the President Elect expire the year he/she is elected, he/she shall automatically hold office until his/her terms as President Elect, President and Past President expire and there shall be no election in his/her region until his term as Past President is about to expire. 2.9 Meetings of the Board (a) Meetings of the Board of Directors shall be held as often as the business of the Association may require and shall be called by the President or the CEO upon the request of the President or a majority of the members by the Board of Directors. (b) A meeting of the Board of Directors may be held by teleconference call providing proper notice is provided to Directors and a quorum be involved and regular minutes are recorded.

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(c) Providing seven (7) -day proper notices is provided, a motion of the Board of Directors may be voted on by electronic means at the request of the President. Such motions are subject to quorum requirements and must be ratified the next time the Board meets, either in person or via teleconference, and recorded in that meeting’s regular minutes. (d) Notice of meetings of the Board of Directors other than the one immediately following the annual general meeting shall be mailed, faxed, phoned or electronically transferred to each director at least seven (7) days before the date of meeting to his/her last known contact information appearing on the books of the Association. (e) A meeting of the Board of Directors may be held on shorter notice or without written notice, providing all directors have given their consent to the meeting being held. Such consent shall be entered in the minutes. (f) A copy of the minutes of all meetings of the Board of Directors shall be mailed or electronically transfered within fifteen (15) working days following such meeting, to each director. (g) At a meeting of the Board of Directors, a quorum shall be seven (7). 2.10 Indemnification (a) Each director or officer holds office with protection from the Association. The Association indemnifies each director or officer against all costs and charges that result from any act done as a director or officer for the Association. The Association does not protect any director or officer for acts of fraud, dishonesty, or bad faith. (b) No director or officer is liable for the acts of any other director, officer or employee. No director or officer is responsible for any loss or damage due to bankruptcy, insolvency, or wrongful act of any person, firm, or corporation dealing with the Association. No director or officer is liable for any loss due to an oversight or error in judgment, or by an action when acting as a director or officer of the Association, unless the act is fraud, dishonesty or bad faith. ARTICLE 3—SUSPENSION, EXPULSION, OFFENCES AND PENALTIES 3.1 Conditions of Expulsion and Suspension of Members The Association adheres to the Animal Pedigree Act and respects and enforces, where it is within our right to do so, either within the Association or by reporting the proper authority, the offenses and penalties as set forth in the Animal Pedigree Act. Further, the Association will consider that any member who:

i. Is in arrears of any fees owing to the Association; ii. Contravenes a Bylaw of the Association relating to the eligibility for registration of animals by the

Association; iii. Contravenes a Bylaw of the Association relating to the individual identification of animals; iv. Contravenes a Bylaw of the Association relating to the keeping of private breeding records; v. Contravenes any provision of the Animal Pedigree Act or the regulations thereunder;

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vi. Has contravened any provisions of the Health of Animals Act or the regulations thereunder relating to the identification or testing of animals; or

vii. Has participated in conduct that is prejudicial to the interests of the Association; may be expelled or suspended and maybe denied the privilege to register and transfer animals in the Herd Book of the Association. 3.2 Procedure for Expulsion and Suspension of Members (a) On written complaint being made against a member or upon information reflecting upon any member’s conduct coming to the attention of the CEO, it shall be the duty of the CEO to investigate the same or cause the same to be investigated and to satisfy him/herself either that:

i. There has not been a breach by the member of these Bylaws; or ii. He/she has reasonable cause to believe there has been a breach of these Bylaws

(b) If the CEO deems that there has been a breach of the Bylaws of such a character that the Association should take cognizance thereof, then such complaint shall be reduced to writing and shall be heard by the Board of Directors. The CEO shall then cause a copy of such complaint, with a notice of the time and place of hearing thereon, to be served upon such member not less than thirty (30) days prior to the said hearing and like notice maybe given to any party who may have made the complaint. Such notice shall contain a statement of the purpose and scope of the hearing and the sanctions which the Board of Directors has power to take regarding such member’s membership in the Association. Such notice shall further advise such member that such member may appear in person or be represented by counsel, produce witnesses, affidavits, documents or other evidence on such member’s behalf. (c) At the hearing before the Board of Directors, the member against whom the complaint has been referred, shall have the right to be heard in person or be represented by counsel, to produce whatever witness, affidavits, documentary or other evidence which such member may wish to produce and cross examine any other witnesses who appear to give evidence. At the closing of the hearing or as soon thereafter as may be reasonably possible, the Board of Directors shall make its finding and shall render its decision thereon, either exonerating or suspending the member. The Board of Directors shall file its decision with the CEO of the Association and shall give notice thereof to the member involved. 3.3 Reinstatement of Suspended or Expelled Member Notwithstanding the foregoing, any member shall be at liberty after having been suspended or expelled from the Association to apply for reinstatement of his/her membership before the Board of Directors provided that one (1) year has elapsed after the date of suspension or expulsion by the Board of Directors. 3.4 Suspension and Cancellation of Registration Certificates (a) Registration or transfer of ownership of an animal is made on the understanding that the particulars given on the application are correct. (b) Pedigrees recorded incorrectly maybe cancelled and re-recorded by the owner or by the Registrar at the expense of the original applicant for registration or transfer. (c) If, after registry of an animal in the Canadian Angus Association Herd Book, information becomes available which raises doubt as to the propriety of such registration, the CEO shall cause the matter to be

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investigated and the CEO shall have the power to temporarily suspend such registration and all offspring registered from the said animal (hereinafter referred to as “interim suspension”). The CEO shall notify in writing the owner(s) of the animal(s) and any other party with an interest in the matter immediately upon such interim suspension with a description of the grounds for the suspension and the steps proposed for investigating the suspension. (d) Within sixty (60) days of the interim suspension of the registered certificate of any animal the CEO must either:

i. Satisfy himself that the registration certificate is satisfactory and thus remove the interim suspension referred to in Bylaws 3.4(c) above; or

ii. Satisfy himself that the interim suspension should continue at which time the owner(s) or any other party with an interest in the matter shall have ninety (90) days to appeal the matter to the Board of Directors.

(e) If no appeal is made within the ninety (90) days following the interim suspension period, the certificate of registration for the animal in question is cancelled. 3.5 Appeal of Suspended Registration Certificates (a) If appealed within the ninety (90) days, the matter of such suspended registration must be placed before the next Board of Directors meeting. The owner(s) of the animal or any other party with an interest in the matter shall be given thirty (30) days notice of the meeting to get her with advice that he/she may attend the meeting, he/she maybe represented by counsel, he/she may call evidence or he may present affidavit evidence. (b) At the conclusion of the due hearing, the Board of Directors may either:

i. Continue the suspension until certain conditions have been completed at which point the suspension would be removed; or

ii. Cancel the registration certificate; or iii. Reinstate the registration certificate.

(c) The Board of Directors shall have the power to adjourn any hearing to obtain further information before reaching a decision. (d) The CEO, at his/her discretion, may include more than one animal in any notice to an owner with respect to a hearing before the Board of Directors. 3.6 Notice and Publication (a) Service of any notice on a member shall be in writing to the last address shown in the Association for that member. Service shall be deemed to be received seven (7) days after the notice was sent by the Association. (b) The announcement and publication of any ruling of the Board of Directors shall be within the discretion of the Board of Directors. (c) All proceedings of either the Board of Directors or the annual meeting with respect to proceedings contained within the Bylaws which are not specifically provided herein shall be determined by either the

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President or, failing the President determining such procedures, the President Elect and shall be announced prior to the beginning of each such hearing. 3.7 Liability (a) Any breeder suspended or expelled from the Association shall have no claim against the Association or any interest in the property or assets of the Association. (b) It is understood that neither this Association nor the Registrar shall be held responsible for any loss or damage that may be sustained through suspension, cancellation or correction of any registration. 3.8 Notification to the Minister of Agriculture (a) The Minister of Agriculture shall be given notification of the expulsion or suspension of any member of this Association. (b) Notification of the reinstatement of a member shall be given to the Minister of Agriculture. ARTICLE 4—FINANCIAL, CONTRACTUAL AND AFFILIATE OBLIGATIONS 4.1 Offices The offices of the Association shall be in the province of Alberta and the location of the office for the registration of pedigrees shall be co-located with the national offices of the Association. 4.2 Fiscal Year The fiscal year and the membership year of the Association shall correspond with the calendar year. 4.3 Canadian Junior Angus Association The Association may create, own and manage a subsidiary entity named the Canadian Junior Angus Association, hereinafter referred to as “CJAA”, for the purpose of assuring and promoting the specific interests of those members of the association who have not reached the age of twenty-two (22) within the current year of their membership, The CJAA represents a special class of membership with the Association as is subject to all membership rights, privileges and responsibilities. 4.4 Canadian Angus Foundation Inc. Pursuant to Canada Not-For-Profit Corporations Act, the Association may create, own and manage a non-profit entity named the Canadian Angus Foundation Inc., hereinafter referred to as “the Foundation”, for the purpose of fundraising and allocating such funds based on the following four (4) key objectives: (a) Opportunity for personal growth and development for Junior Members of the Association through the activities of, but not limited to, the CJAA; (b) Collection and preservation of the Association’s and its membership’s historical archives; (c) Research, development and technological advancement to create and enhance breed improvement tools used by Association members and those supporting and utilizing Angus genetics; (d) Education of the Association membership and those supporting Angus genetics with national and international cattle and beef interests.

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The Foundation will be subject to registration in accordance with federal ‘not-for-profit’ legislation and be bound by all requirements contained therein. The activity of the Foundation be confined solely to the previously four (4) objectives and shall not conflict in any way with the activities of the Association. A financial statement for the Foundation she be reported annually by the Canadian Angus Association. 4.5 Regional Associations Members of the Association in good standing may organize regional associations, clubs or societies under a constitution approved by the Board of Directors of the Canadian Angus Association. The activities of any such regional association shall be confined solely to its provincial interests and shall not conflict in any way with the activities of this Association. Not more than one association in each province shall be organized under this Constitution. Two or more provinces or territories may join together to form one association. A financial statement of each regional association shall be submitted annually to the Canadian Angus Association. 4.6 Audit and Annual Report (a) The Association at each annual general meeting shall appoint an auditor or auditors. His/her duty shall be to examine the book of accounts of the Association, vouchers for all payments and certify the usual statement of receipts and expenditures and assets and liabilities for the year, for presentation to the next annual general meeting. (b) The Board of Directors at each annual general meeting shall submit a complete report of its acts and of the affairs of the Association; it shall present a detailed statement duly audited of the receipts and expenditures of the preceding year and of the assets and liabilities of the Association. (c) A copy of this report, a list of members, officers elected and also general information on the affairs of the Association shall be sent to the Minister of Agriculture for Canada within twenty (20) days after the annual general meeting. 4.7 Expenses, Income and Property The income and property of the Association from whatever source derived, shall be applied solely towards the promotion and furtherance of the objects of the Association and no part thereof or otherwise as profits or gain to members of the Association, past, present or future, or any person claiming through any member providing, however, that nothing therein contained shall prevent the bona fide payment or remuneration to any manager, secretary, treasurer, registrar, officer, clerk or employee or other person for services actually rendered the Association whether such are members of the Association or not, and the expenses of the directors or other officers in doing the business of the Association. 4.8 Books The Association shall cause a book to be kept by the staff and the secretary of each branch of the Association, if any, where in shall be contained a copy of the Bylaws, articles of incorporation, business and books so that persons becoming members of the Association may at all reasonable times examine the same. 4.9 Registration and Membership Fees All fees paid to the Association shall be deposited to the credit of the Association in a chartered bank selected by the CEO. 4.10 Interpretation of Meaning

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Wherever the context permits in these Bylaws, the singular shall include the plural, the masculine the feminine and the neuter. 4.11 Corporate Seal The seal as stamped in the margin hereof, shall be the corporate seal of the Association. Custody of the seal is the responsibility of the CEO and the Board of Directors shall determine its use. 4.12 Amendment of Bylaws (a) Notice of all proposed amendments to these Bylaws shall be in writing and signed by ten (10) members in good standing, or passed by a simple majority of the Board of Directors. (b) Proposed amendments shall be given to the CEO so they maybe published as provided for in the regulations of the Association. (c) These Bylaws may be amended by a majority vote of those members in good standing who vote in a referendum by mail which is properly conducted under the regulations established by the Association. (d) No amendments shall be valid until approved by the Minister of Agriculture for Canada and filed at the Department of Agriculture of Canada. (e) Notice of all proposed amendments to these Bylaws shall be provided to the Minister of Agriculture for Canada. (f) If the Association wishes to change its articles of incorporation, amalgamate with one or more other associations or dissolve the Association, an amendment may be presented to the general membership by mail ballot provided the amendment is authorized in writing by ten (10) members in good standing. 4.13 Repeal of Bylaws The constitution of this Association approved the 29th day of May, Nineteen hundred and twenty-two (1922), and amendments thereto, is hereby repealed.

C. REGULATORY BYLAWS

ARTICLE 1—REGISTRATION 1.1 Registration of Pedigrees (a) An accurate copy of all records, known as the Canadian Angus Herd Book, shall be maintained at the office of the Canadian Angus Association. (b) There shall be furnished by the Registrar for all eligible animals a certificate of registration on the form adopted by the Board of Directors. (c) Any person suspended or expelled from membership shall not be allowed the privilege of recording pedigrees in the records of the Association. 1.2 Registration of Tattoo Letters

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(a) Every Angus animal for which application for registration is made shall be marked for identification by tattoo as provided herein. (b) The owner at the time of birth of every animal born in Canada should tattoo mark such animal. (c) Every animal shall be marked before it is weaned and before it is eight (8) months of age. (d) Imported cattle, if not previously marked by tattoo in the country of origin, shall be marked before application is made for registration in the Canadian Angus Records. (e) Each breeder or owner who desires to register Angus cattle in Canada shall apply for and shall be allotted designated herd letters from the Registrar for his/her exclusive use with which to tattoo mark animals born under his/her ownership. (f) Such tattoo letters shall be tattooed in the right ear in the manner prescribed by the Association. (g) In the event of a change of name of a partnership or company, or if a member of the same family is taken into partnership, the tattoo letters may be transferred on the application of the registered owner or his/her authorized representative. Likewise, transfer maybe made from a deceased owner to his/her heir. 1.3 Registration of Names All animals entered in the Canadian Angus Herdbook must be named in accordance with the following rules: (a) Names shall not contain more than thirty (30) letters or characters, including numeral affix and spaces. (b) Where an animal is red in color the word “Red” must be included in the name as the prefix. (c) A breeder must register a unique herdname for his/her exclusive use in naming his/her animals, by applying to the Registrar, and paying the prescribed fee. A particular herdname will be allowed to one (1) person or partnership only, or used by multiple members of a family operation whereby the animals are maintained together, and in registering such a herdname, priority in use and in application for registration shall be considered. (d) Letters may be used as a registered herdname. (e) No herdnames shall be issued with the word “Red”. (f) A registered herdname may be used by a member of the immediate family provided written consent of the registered owner is on file with the Registrar. (g) The registered owner may transfer a herdname on application to the Registrar. (h) The Association reserves the right to refuse any name which maybe misleading as to the origin or relationship of an animal. Names of members of the Royal Family or leaders of national governments of the day shall not be used.

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(i) Any dispute between breeders as to priority right to any herdname shall be referred to the Board of Directors. (j) Where an animal is propagated by embryo transplant, the letters ET must be included on the registration certificate following the sex of the animal. (k) Where an animal is propagated by cloning, the letters CL must be included on the registration certificate following the sex of the animal. (l) Duplication of names shall not be permitted, except in the case of clones where the clone must bear the same name and a numeric indicator. (m) It shall be permissible to change the name of an animal provided no descendants of such animal are yet registered in the Canadian Angus Herd Book. A new application for registration must be completed and signed by the owner at birth then presented to the Registrar with the certificate of registration and the necessary fee. (n) Animals from other countries shall be registered with the same name as shown on the certificate of registration issued in the country from which they came. (o) Where an animal is at win the letters “TW” will be used as a prefix before the registration number. Where an animal is from a multiple birth, an “M” will be used as a prefix before the registration number. ARTICLE 2—RULES OF ELIGIBILITY 2.1 Eligible Animals The following animals are eligible for registration and entry in to the Canadian Angus Herd Book: (a) Animals bred and born in Canada, whose sires and dams are recorded in the Canadian Angus Herd Book. (b) An animal imported in utero, whose dam is recorded in the Canadian Angus Herd Book and whose sire is eligible for registration in the Canadian Angus Herd Book. (c) Animals imported from countries where they have been registered in the Herd Book of an association recognized by the Canadian Angus Association, provided the application for registration is accompanied by an official certificate of registration bearing three (3) generations of individually registered ancestry, provided the animals meet the Canadian Angus Association rules of eligibility. (d) A calf the product of artificial insemination shall be eligible for registration, provided the requirements of the Association’s “OFFICIAL REGULATIONS GOVERNING ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION” are met. (e) Any animal having birthmarks or white hairs on traditional black or red colored skin shall be eligible for registration.

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(f) A calf propagated by embryo transfer will be eligible for registration under the same terms as a calf propagated by natural or artificial mating provided the requirements of the Association’s “OFFICIAL REGULATIONS GOVERNING EMBRYO TRANSFER” are met. 2.2 Ineligible Animals The following animals are NOT eligible for registration and entry into the Canadian Angus Herd Book: (a) A natural calf born less than two hundred and seventy five (275) days after the birth of the dam’s last calf shall be eligible for registration provided it meets a parentage verification requirement. (b) An animal with white skin above the underline, in front of the umbilical scar (navel) or on leg or legs, or which does not possess traditional black or red skin color, shall not be eligible for registration. (c) Animals with a horn or horns shall not be eligible for registration. (d) An animal with a scur or scurs shall not be eligible for registration. Scurs are defined as any cartilaginous or horny growth which may develop from natural causes through the skin or on the surface of the skin on that part of the head where horns grow on horned cattle. (e) In any case where the parentage of an animal that is claimed to be registerable Angus is questioned, or as periodic parentage verification, the Association may require the use of Deoxyribo-Nucleic Acid (DNA) analysis to determine the correctness of the parentage claim respecting the Association’s “OFFICIAL REGUALTIONS GOVERNING PARENTAGE VERIFICATION”. (f) An animal having abnormalities or non-Angus characteristics shall not be eligible for registration. To be eligible for inclusion in the Canadian Angus Association Herd Book, an animal is subject to the Canadian Angus Association GENETIC CONDITION POLICY. ARTICLE 3—APPLICATION FOR REGISTRATION (a) All applications for registration of animals under these Bylaws must be made on forms supplied or approved by the Registrar of the Canadian Angus Association and all blank spaces must be filled in electronically or in ink or typewritten. (b) Applications for registration of animals from other countries must be signed by the importer, show date of importation and be accompanied by Certificates of Registration showing that they were registered in the record book of the country from which they came, and in the name of the Canadian importer. If any animal is in calf, in order to register the progeny, the service information must be verified by the Recording Association in which the service sire is registered. (c) An application for registration of an animal born in Canada must be signed by the owner of the animal at the time of birth, and by the owner of the sire at the time the dam was served. The dam must be registered in the Canadian Angus Herd Book in the name of the owner signing and the sire must be registered in the Canadian Angus Herd Book in the name of the owner certifying the service.

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(d) Registration of Canadian bred animals in all cases will be made in the name of the person owning or leasing the dam at the date of birth of the calf. If change of ownership has taken place after birth, the usual transfer must be filed, for which the usual fee will be charged. (e) When an animal is a multiple birth, it shall be so stated when applying for registration, and the sex given of the animals within the multiple births. Should a multiple birth be entered upon the record, without such statement no subsequent application for entry of an animal multiple birth with the same, shall be accepted. (f) The breeder of an animal is the registered owner or lessee of the dam at the time of conception. (g) The first owner is the registered owner or lessee of the dam at the time she produced the calf. (h) When a donor cow produces embryos the breeder shall be the registered owner or lessee of the dam at the time of recovery. The registered owner of the embryo at the time of the transplant shall be the first owner. (i) Duplicate names must be avoided. The right is reserved to change any name when necessary, preserving, however, as far as possible, some characteristic of the name given in the application. ARTICLE 4—LEASES 4.1 Animals Leased for Breeding Purposes (a) Application for lease must be made to the Canadian Angus Association by the lessor on the form or in the format approved by the Canadian Angus Association. (b) The terms of the lease agreement shall be fully disclosed on the application. (c) The lessee will in all cases be considered the owner of the progeny of leased females for the term of the lease. ARTICLE 5—TRANSFER CERTIFICATES (a) In case of the sale of an animal, the seller must furnish to the purchaser a transferred certificate of registration in the Canadian Aberdeen Angus Herd Book, showing the purchaser’s ownership. (b) If the animal is sold to any purchaser resident in Canada or outside of Canada, refusal to do so on any grounds whatsoever, unless stated specifically in the terms of sale that the certificate of registration would not be provided, shall be grounds for his/her expulsion, if a member, from the Association. If not a member further application for registration or transfer shall be refused until such time as the dispute is settled to the satisfaction of the Board of Directors of the Canadian Aberdeen Angus Association. (c) Unless otherwise agreed upon between the parties the Association considers an animal sold when the seller receives the full payment for the animal.

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(d) Applications for registration of change of ownership must be made electronically if the animal is e-stored, or in ink or typewritten on forms supplied by the Registrar or on the back of the original certificate and must give date of sale and date of delivery, and in the case of females, if bred, service information must be provided through the information being shared either electronically or by filling out this section on the back the original certificate concurrent with transfer being provided and authorized. (e) All service sires must be DNA tested to ensure their offspring qualify for registration per rules governing parentage verification. (f) Change of ownership will be endorsed on the back of the original certificate of registration, which must be forwarded to the Registrar with the application for transfer of ownership. (g) In the case of the sale of an animal for any other reason than breeding purposes, as prescribed by the regulations of this Association, the seller shall not furnish the purchaser with the certificate of registration but forward it, with full details of the sale, to the Registrar. The transfer of ownership of an animal so reported shall not be recorded on the records of this Association. (h) In the case of death of an animal from any cause whatever, the pedigree certificate should be sent to the Registrar with a statement of the reasons therefore. (i) If the sale of any animal takes place, and a transfer of ownership is made on the records of the Association and if it is subsequently discovered that the animal sold or the animal registered is not the animal represented on the records, the Registrar shall on discovery of the same, declare the transfer or pedigree void together with any entry or transfer of descendants of such animal. ARTICLE 6—DUPLICATE CERTIFICATES (a) A duplicate certificate may be issued if the registered owner or his/her authorized agent files a statutory declaration on a form supplied by the Registrar showing in a satisfactory manner that the original is lost, destroyed, or unobtainable. ARTICLE 7—PRIVATE HERD RECORDS AND AUTHORITY TO INSPECT 7.1 Private Herd Records (a) Members shall keep a private herd record in which the name, registration number, and identification mark of each breeding female shall be entered together with such other information regarding each animal as in the opinion of the breeder may be deemed advisable. (b) Opposite or under the name of each breeding female so entered, the date of birth, sex, identification mark, and name, and registration number of the sire of each calf produced by such female, shall be entered at the same time that each calf is marked for identification. (c) The private herd record shall include an inventory of all semen and embryos which are the property of the breeder.

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(d) The record shall include storage locations and in the case of embryos, shall include the registration number of both sire and dam. (e) Such record shall be open to inspection, as defined herein. 7.2 Authority to Inspect (a) The Board of Directors shall have authority to:

i. Appoint an inspector at any time to examine on behalf of the Association the manner in which private herd records are kept and the identification system practiced by any breeder, or breeders registering cattle in the Canadian Angus Herd Book;

ii. And may appoint an inspector to investigate a special complaint; iii. Or may at the first meeting after the annual meeting each year, appoint an inspector or inspectors

whose duty it shall be to investigate all complaints that are referred to him or them by the Board of Directors.

(b) Such duly appointed inspectors shall, after receiving specific instructions from the Association, have authority to enter premises of any breeder who is registering cattle in the Canadian Angus Herd Book, and examine his/her private herd records, and identification system. (c) When as the result of an inspection of the manner in which private herd records are being kept, and identification practiced by any breeder, it is shown that the regulations in that regard as laid down herein are not being observed, the Board of Directors may immediately suspend or expel such breeder if a member. If not a member, further registrations and transfers may be refused. (d) If such inspection should indicate that the private herd records, and identification system as practiced by such breeder are in such a state of confusion as to raise a doubt as to the identity of any number or all of the animals in the herd, the Board of Directors may suspend the pedigrees of any number or all cattle standing in the name of such breeder as from the date of such inspection. (e) Authority to inspect private herd records and identification as practiced by breeders of Angus cattle, shall also extend to the Minister of Agriculture or anyone appointed by him for that purpose, but when such inspection is instituted by the said Minister, the CEO of the Canadian Aberdeen Angus Association shall be immediately notified.

D. APPENDIX Excerpts from the Animal Pedigree Act The Canadian Aberdeen Angus Association is incorporated under the Animal Pedigree Act (previously the Livestock Pedigree Act). The Animal Pedigree Act is federal legislation that all breeders of registered livestock must comply with. Failure to comply with the Animal Pedigree Act is an indictable offense and is grounds to have your membership in the Canadian Angus Association revoked. Breeders of purebred cattle should be familiar with the following excerpts from the Animal Pedigree Act: SECTION 63: (1) Except as authorized by this Act, where an association is authorized by this Act to register or identify animals of a distinct breed or evolving breed, no person shall keep pedigrees in respect of animals of that

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distinct breed or evolving breed or issue any document purporting to evidence that a particular animal is of that distinct breed or evolving breed or so closely resembling a certificate of registration, or certificate of identification, as the case may be, that it would likely be mistaken for such a certificate. (2) No person shall issue in respect of any animal any document of any kind likely to deceive the public into believing that the document is a certificate of registration or certificate of identification in respect of the animal or that the animal is registered or identified under the authority of this Act. SECTION 64: No person shall: (a) Knowingly sign or present, or cause or procure to be signed or presented, to a recording officer of any association or of the Corporation any declaration or application in relation to the registration, identification or transfer of ownership of any animal, semen or embryo that contains any material false statement or representation; (b) Knowingly represent that a certificate of registration or certificate of identification applies to an animal other than the one in respect of which it was issued; (c) Knowingly represent that a semen certificate or embryo certificate applies to any semen or embryo other than the semen or embryo in respect of which it was issued; (d) Falsify or alter any certificate of registration, certificate of identification, semen certificate or embryo certificate; (e) Without an express statement that the animal’s registration or identification is from a jurisdiction other than Canada, offer to sell, contract to sell or sell, as registered or identified, or as eligible to be registered or identified, within or outside the meaning of this Act, any animal that is not registered or identified, or eligible to be registered or identified; (f) Offer to sell, contract to sell or sell, as recorded, or as eligible to be recorded, in the books of any association, or of the Corporation, any semen or embryo that is not recorded or eligible to be recorded in those books; (g) Knowingly offer to sell, contract to sell or sell any animal in a manner that is likely to create an erroneous impression that the animal is registered or eligible to be registered; (h) Offer to sell, contract to sell or sell, as a purebred of a breed, any animal that is not registered or eligible to be registered as a purebred by the association authorized to register animals of that breed or by the Corporation; (i) Without an express statement that the animal’s registration, identification or status as a purebred is from a jurisdiction other than Canada, offer to sell, contract to sell or sell, as registered or identified, or as a purebred, any animal for which there is no individual identification in accordance with the Bylaws of the association that has registered or identified the animal; and

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(j) Without an express statement that the animal’s registration, identification or status as a purebred is from a jurisdiction other than Canada and that the animal will not be registered or identified in Canada by the person, sell, as registered or identified, or as eligible to be registered or identified, or as a purebred, any animal without providing to the buyer thereof within six months after the sale the animal’s duly transferred certificate of registration or certificate of identification. SECTION 65: No person shall, without lawful authority, use the name of the Corporation or the name of any association or any name so clearly resembling the name of the Corporation or the name of an association in a manner that is likely to deceive the public. SECTION 66: (1) Any person who contravenes any provision of this Act or the regulations

(a) is guilty of an offence punishable on summary conviction and liable to a fine not exceeding twenty-five thousand dollars; or (b) is guilty of an indictable offence and liable to a fine not exceeding fifty thousand dollars.

SECTION 67: The provisions of the Criminal Code prescribing a time limit for making a complaint or laying information in respect of offences punishable on summary conviction do not apply to proceedings in respect of an offence under this Act. SECTION 68: (1) The provisions of this Act apply to every association to which the Livestock Pedigree Act applied immediately before the coming into force of this Act. (2) The application filed with the Department of Agriculture of every association referred to in subsection (1) is deemed to constitute the association’s articles of incorporation for the purposes of this Act. Canadian Angus Association’s Breeder’s Guarantee Guidelines The objective of the Breeder’s Guarantee Guidelines is to provide a framework for both buyer and seller to have equitable agreement in which to create confidence in the buying and selling of purebred Angus cattle. The sale of purebred Angus, whether it be through a private treaty or through a production or consignment sale, implies the sale is being conducted in compliance with the Breeder’s Guarantee Guidelines unless otherwise stated. KEY TERMS Open: Female which has not been served or female which has been served but declared open.

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Bred: Female which is known to have been served by a bull either through natural breeding or artificial insemination, but this does not guarantee that the female is safe in calf to that service. Pasture Exposed: Female which is known to have been exposed during a period of time to a bull that was in a specific breeding area. Safe in calf: A female which has been declared pregnant by a licensed veterinarian or is declared by the seller to be carrying a calf at the time of the sale. Breeder: The owner or lessee of the dam at the time the dam was served. Owner: The individual, partnership or corporation in whose name an animal is registered. Transfer of Ownership:

• This is accomplished by the completion of the transfer form on the reverse side of the registration certificate or by completing Application for Transfer of Ownership (CAAFORM16), within three months of purchase, signed by the last registered owner, and duly processed by the Canadian Angus Association.

• The seller is responsible for the payment of the transfer fees and other related fees necessary for the processing of the said transfer.

• If a female is sold as bred, the service information must be completed on the transfer form. • In the case of multiple ownership of an animal, the first owner listed on the registration paper, as

agreed upon by the owners, shall be the holder of the registration paper. Tattoo: Permanent ear identification comprised of herd letters, a unique number and the designated year letter is required. The herd letters are those registered at the Canadian Angus Association in the name of the owner at the time of birth. Parties of Guarantee:

• All guarantees are between the buyer and seller; and details should be stated clearly in writing on the Bill of Sale (see Sample Bill of Sale (CAAFORM5))

Sales Catalogues:

• Must include all known genetic defect test result information available at time of print • All performance data published must be generated by the Canadian Angus Association, unless

otherwise denoted

Registered Animals: • Any animal that is not registered with the Canadian Angus Association cannot be sold or identified as

Angus. • Any animal that is not registered with the Canadian Angus Association is not subject to the

Association’s Breeders Guarantee Guidelines. • It is the seller’s responsibility to transfer the registration certificate to the buyer within three months

of purchase date. • The Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed Tag Program requires at least one parent animal to be

registered with the Canadian Angus Association.

http://cdnangus.ca/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/form16-fillable.pdf


Introduction

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Disclosure of Pedigree: • The seller is responsible for disclosing complete and accurate pedigree information to the buyer. • The Canadian Angus Association only guarantees the accuracy of performance data generated by the

Association; any performance data published that is not from the Association must be labeled as such.

• The seller is responsible for disclosing all known genetic defect information pertinent to the purchased animal at the date of sale.

• After the date of sale, the seller has no liability for a genetic defect that was unknown at the time of the sale.

Role of the Association: The Association shall not be responsible for any guarantee given by the seller. However, the Association is responsible for providing accurate pedigree, performance and genetic defect information. Breeding Bull Guidelines All bulls offered for sale as breeding bulls, except calves at side, must be guaranteed breeders. The Canadian Angus Association recommends that breeding bulls have passed a semen test and have achieved minimum scrotal circumference. Minimum Scrotal Circumference (cm)

12 months 32 13 months 33 14 months 34 15 months 34.5 16–20 months 35 21–30 months 35

If you purchase a bull that fails to prove a natural breeder:

• Should any bull 15 months of age or over fail to prove a natural breeder after being used on cows known to be breeders and free of venereal disease, the buyer shall report in writing to the seller and provide a report of complete examination by a licensed veterinarian.

• This notification shall be provided by the buyer to the seller no later than four months following the date of purchase, or six months after the bull has reached 15 months of age, whichever is the later.

• The buyer shall return the bull to the seller who shall have the opportunity to have the bull examined by a veterinarian of choice.

• In the instance of a fertility re-test by the seller the bull must be in acceptable condition as agreed upon by the buyer and seller, and if non-agreement, then as declared by a licensed veterinarian.

• Once the bull has been declared reconditioned, the seller will then have 45 days to prove this bull a breeder.

• If this bull proves to be a satisfactory breeder the bull shall be returned to the buyer. • Any guarantees with respect to ability to freeze semen shall be by separate agreement between buyer

and seller. • UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES SHALL THE SELLER BE RESPONSIBLE FOR MORE THAN THE

PURCHASE PRICE PAID FOR SAID ANIMAL. Breeding Female Guidelines

• Females sold as being safe in calf are considered breeders without further guarantee.

Introduction

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• Cows and heifers represented as bred or pasture exposed are not guaranteed safe in calf but are guaranteed to be breeders.

• Open heifers selling as individual lots are guaranteed to be open and to be breeders. If a female fails to prove a natural breeder:

• In the event a female is claimed to be a non-breeder after having been bred naturally to a bull known to be a breeder and after having been examined by a licensed veterinarian, the matter must be reported in writing (with a copy of the veterinarian report) no later than six (6) months after the sale date or prior to the heifer attaining twenty-four (24) months of age, whichever is the later.

• In the instance of the female being returned in unacceptable body condition as agreed upon by the buyer and seller, and if non-agreement, then as declared by a licensed veterinarian, the seller shall have seventy (70) days following the date that the female was declared re-conditioned in which to prove such female as a breeder.

• The seller may use any registered Angus bull available to him/her, in which case the said female will be reclaimed by the buyer at his/her expense.

• Should the seller fail to prove the female a breeder, the buyer has the option to either accept a replacement breeding female from the seller’s ranch or obtain a refund of the original purchase price.

• No incidental expenses incurred will be charged by either party. • In the event that a buyer of an open heifer finds that she was in fact in calf on the sale day, the animal

may be returned to the seller and receive a satisfactory replacement or a refund of the purchase price.

• In the event that a female sold as bred to a specific sire(s) and that is safe in calf gives birth to a calf that is not parent verified to the specified sire(s) the buyer may return both female and calf for the original price paid or a satisfactory replacement female.

• In the event a female sold as being safe in calf does not calve to the published and/or announced breeding date(s), the buyer, after notifying the seller in writing, may return the female and calf and receive an immediate full refund of the purchase price.

• UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES SHALL THE SELLER BE RESPONSIBLE FOR MORE THAN THE PURCHASE PRICE PAID FOR SAID ANIMAL.

Exceptions to the Guarantee

• Where gross negligence or willful misconduct by the buyer or his agents or employees has occurred the seller is exempted from any and all guarantees.

• No guarantee is given that a pregnant female will deliver a live calf, or that she will carry the calf to full term.

• In cases where the purchased animal is subjected to pharmaceuticals not approved for animal use, growth hormone treatment, embryo transfer, or surgical reproduction technique after the sale, the guarantee shall be null and void.

Suckling calves: No guarantee of any kind applies to suckling calves less than six (6) months of age. Rights and Obligations:

• The above terms and conditions of the sale shall constitute a contract between the buyer and seller and be equally binding to both parties.

• The seller is obligated to transfer the purchased animal to the seller within three months of purchase date.

• Resale of animals following purchase shall constitute a separate transaction.

Introduction

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Variations: Any deviations from these guidelines agreed to by the buyer and seller at time of sale, including announcements from the auction block and any additional agreements, must be in writing on the bill of sale (see sample Bill of Sale (CAAFORM5) in the forms sections of this handbook), and shall take precedence over the conditions herein. Tips for the Sale:

• Check the ear tattoo of each animal to ensure accuracy. • Verify that the correct buyer information is recorded on the bill of sale (see Sample Bill of Sale

(CAAFORM5)) and transfer form, including buyer’s name, address and phone number. • Ensure accurate service information is recorded on the transfer form. • Ensure that all agreements are stated clearly, in writing, on the bill of sale.

http://cdnangus.ca/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/CAAForm5-Bill_of_Sale_fillable.pdf


Registry Information

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Paperwork submitted to the Canadian Angus Association is processed based on the date it is received. The amount of work to be processed fluctuates throughout the year although the normal turnaround time for work to be processed is with in one week of receipt. The Registry Department offers (next business day) Service for an additional fee (see the current fee schedule for rates) to those members who urgently require paperwork, however, members should be proactive and allow sufficient time for processing of their paperwork rather than rely on rush service. Funds must accompany all work submitted to the Canadian Angus Association. Members can choose to keep a Visa or MasterCard number on file to be charged as work is processed, can send a cheque or credit card number in the mail with their paperwork, or can pay by electronic transfer. The member submitting the work will be charged.

The Value of a Registration Certificate It’s not Angus without papers to prove it. There is no such thing as a purebred without papers. All Angus animals registered in Canada are 100% purebred. An animal without a registration number is not considered purebred. If the animal is not intended for sale as a registered Angus, its registration certificate should be returned to the Association for cancellation and the seller must note on the bill of sale that the ‘animal was sold as a commercial animal—no paper available’. The Canadian Angus Association recommends that buyers and sellers of purebred Angus cattle use a bill of sale (see Sample Bill of Sale (CAAFORM5)) and clearly note all details of the sale and/or agreements in writing. Under the Animal Pedigree Act, animals sold as purebred must be transferred into the name of the buyer within six months of the date of sale. A registration certificate is an animal’s ancestral record. It is unique to each animal and is a valuable permanent record of its identification.




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The registration certificate:

• Lists the animal’s registration number, tattoo, date of birth and sex

• Identifies the owner

• Identifies the three-generation pedigree

• Indicates whether the animal has been tested for any genetic conditions, and whether there are any known carriers of genetic conditions in the first three generations of its pedigree as of the date of issue

• Indicates if this animal has been sire, dam or parent verified

• May list the Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed Tag number

• Is a legal document

• Is a guarantee of authenticity backed by the Canadian Angus Association

• Qualifies the progeny of the named animal for Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed Tags and participating beef programs

• Lists individual performance data and current EPDs as of the date of issue

The tattoo in the animal’s ear must match the tattoo on the animal’s registration paper. If the tattoo does not match the certificate, contact the Canadian Angus Association for advice on how to proceed. If a registration certificate is lost, the Canadian Angus Association can replace the certificate for a fee. Please submit your request using Declaration to Acquire a Duplicate Certificate (CAAFORM19) and the appropriate fee as per the current fee schedule.

Choosing and Registering Tattoo Letters To register Angus cattle in Canada, you must apply for and secure the right to use a set of unique tattoo letters using Canadian Angus Association Membership Application: Application for Tattoo Letters and Herd Name—Part 3 of 4 (CAAFORM1C). Tattoo letters can be any combination of two, three or four letters. Neither numbers nor the letter Q can be used. Each unique combination is registered with the Association for the exclusive use of a member. A one to four digit herd number and the year letter must follow the combination of tattoo letters to uniquely identify each registered animal. Registered tattoo letters may be transferred if the registered owner or a representative makes application using Application to Transfer Tattoo Letters and/or Herd Name (CAAFORM9). The executor of an estate may, for example, transfer from a deceased member to his/her heir. Tattoo letters need only be applied for once and stay with the member as long as (s)he is an active member of the Association. If tattoo letters have not been used for seven years they may be reassigned.

http://cdnangus.ca/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/CAAForm19-Declaration_Acquire_Duplicate_Certificatefillable.pdf


http://cdnangus.ca/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/CAAFORM1C-Application_for_Tattoo_Letters_Herd_Name-Part3_fillable.pdf


http://cdnangus.ca/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/CAAForm9-Application_Transfer_Tattoo_Letters_Herd_Name_fillable.pdf


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Tattooing Imported Animals Imported cattle with tattoos from their country of origin will be assigned an administrative Canadian Angus Association tattoo for the purpose of unique identification within Canada. It will be preceded with IMP to indicate that the animal is imported. This tattoo is NOT required to be tattooed into the animal’s ear; it is for administrative purposes. The physical right ear and/or left ear tattoo will also be noted on the Canadian Angus registration certificate. Year and Corresponding Letter Chart Year Letter Year Letter Year Letter 1996 F 2005 R 2014 B 1997 G 2006 S 2015 C 1998 H 2007 T 2016 D 1999 J 2008 U 2017 E 2000 K 2009 W 2018 F 2001 L 2010 X 2019 G 2002 M 2011 Y 2020 H 2003 N 2012 Z 2021 J 2004 P 2013 A 2022 K

The letters I, O, Q and V may not be used as a year letter. After Z, the next year’s letter shall revert back to A.

An example of a tattoo on a Canadian Angus animal


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BREEDER HOW TO Properly Tattooing your Angus The Canadian Angus Association bylaws state that the tattoo must be in the right ear. When you purchase animals, check the right ear tattoo and make sure it matches the certificate of registration. If the tattoo and registration certificate do not match, contact the Canadian Angus Association office for advice on how to proceed. Proper animal identification is essential to maintaining accurate herd records. The Association requires every animal to be permanently identified before it is weaned and before it is 8 months of age in order to be eligible for registration. Tattooing can be done at any time before registration is applied for but we recommend that animals are tattooed as young as possible as tattoos grow with calves making the tattoo increasingly legible over time. A complete tattoo consists of:

• Herd letters (the unique 2–4 letters you applied for and approved by the Association) • Herd number (any 1–4 digit number, unique within the herd. An effective method of choosing this

number is to assign the first calf born in a specific calendar year with a number 1, the second with the number 2, etc.)

• Year letter (see the chart on the previous page for the corresponding year letter) A tattoo is a permanent identification mark. A properly applied tattoo will last the animal for life. The Canadian Angus Association recommends use of the following equipment and procedures to ensure the best quality tattoo. Tattooing Equipment The necessary equipment can be purchased at most livestock and veterinary supply stores and can also be ordered through the Canadian Angus Association. You will need:

• A set of Canadian Standards Association (CSA)-approved tattoo pliers

• Adequate numeric and letter tattoo digits

• Fresh green tattoo paste and toothbrush for application

• Disinfectant and a soft cloth

• A good working chute to restrain the animal

• Record book

Tattooing Procedure

1. Ensure that you have the necessary equipment and that it is all in working order.

2. Sterilize the tattoo equipment with disinfectant so you don’t spread viruses or diseases from one animal to another.

3. The animal needs to be properly restrained and unable to move its head if the tattoo is to be legible.

http://cdnangus.ca/canadian-angus-rancher-endorsed/angus-tag-program/


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4. Be sure the ear is completely clean and free of wax and dirt, which will prevent the tattoo paste from penetrating the skin. Clean the ear with a soft cloth and allow it to dry.

5. While the ear is drying, determine the appropriate tattoo for the calf. Check each tattoo on a piece of cardboard before applying it to the animal’s ear. Check for even perforations and replace characters that are dull or broken.

6. Liberally apply fresh tattoo ink to the letters and/or digits using the toothbrush.

7. Apply the tattoo between the ribs or cords of the RIGHT EAR. (To determine right and left, stand behind the animal facing the direction the animal is facing.)

8. Close the jaws quickly and firmly then release quickly to avoid tearing the punctures. Use enough pressure to pierce the skin but do not use so much pressure that the ear bleeds excessively.

9. Use a generous amount of fresh tattoo paste, rubbing it into the holes made by the pliers. Use the toothbrush to thoroughly work the paste into the tattoo.

10. Record the tattoo and other relevant information in your record book.

11. Clean the tattoo characters with a wire brush to remove hair, dirt and excess ink.

It is important to get the ink well below the surface of the ear so that the skin will heal over it, leaving a clear, permanent tattoo. A properly administered tattoo will be legible for the entire life of the animal.

Before applying the tattoo, clean the animal’s ear to Check each tattoo before applying it to the animal’s help the tattoo paste fully penetrate the skin ear to ensure it is accurate and all characters are clear Re-tattooing Breeders should check tattoos regularly, whenever an animal is in the chute. If at any time a tattoo mark ceases to be legible or there is a discrepancy, contact the Canadian Angus Association for advice. Once you have been advised on a course of action regarding the placement of another tattoo, submit Application to Alter an Animal’s Name/Tattoo/Pedigree (CAAFORM10) to the Canadian Angus Association along with the affected registration certificate so a replacement can be provided.

http://cdnangus.ca/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/CAAFORM10-Application_Alter_Animal_Name_Tattoo_Pedigree_fillable.pdf



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If an animal is marked with the same herd number as another animal born in the same year within that herd, the number “0” must be tattooed beside the number in the right ear of one of the animals to differentiate them. If the wrong year letter is used to mark an animal, the correct year letter must be tattooed beside the incorrect letter and a full description of the mark must be reported on the application for registration (Herd Inventory and Application for Registration (CAAFORM11)).

Choosing and Registering a Herd Name As of January 1, 2013, it has been mandatory for members to use a herd name. Herd names are used as a prefix when naming registered cattle to identify the owner at birth. Your herd name does not have to be the same as your membership name. For example, Joe Smith owns Twisty Creek Angus Farm and wishes to use “Twisty Creek” in naming his cattle. There are some restrictions on the words you can use in a herd name. Words such as FARM, RANCH, RED, ANGUS, LTD., and CORP. cannot be part of a herd name. The Association has the right to refuse any name (see Section C of the Constitution). To register a herd name for your exclusive use, submit Membership Application: Application for Tattoo Letters and Herd Name—Part 3 of 4 (CAAFORM1C) and pay the appropriate fee (see current fee schedule for rates) to the Association. Herd names can be shared between members with permission (i.e. parents and children), unlike tattoo letters, which cannot be shared. A herd name need only be applied for once (by each member) and will stay with the member as long as (s)he is an active member of the Association. If a herd name is not used for seven years it may be reassigned. Examples of Memberships and Herd Names

Membership Name Tattoo Letters Herd Name Animal Example Joe Smith JS Twisty Creek Twisty Creek Elmo 1X Twisty Creek Ranch TWST Twisty Creek Red Twisty Creek Ms Erica 1’10 Applewood Stock Farm ASF Applewood Red Applewood Traveler 2X Bob and Jane Wilson BJW Wilson Wilson Pride 12X Guidelines for Naming Angus Cattle All animals registered with the Canadian Angus Association must be named in accordance with the following rules:

• Your registered herd name must be used it in its entirety in naming your cattle. Do not shorten or abbreviate your herd name in the animal’s name.

• Names shall not exceed 30 character spaces, including all letters, spaces, dashes and/or apostrophes.







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Animals that are red in colour will automatically have “RED” added to their name, leaving 26 spaces for the breeder to complete the name.

• If the name is longer than 30 character spaces, appropriate abbreviations will be made to achieve the 30 character length.

• Avoid using characters other than numbers, letters, dashes, apostrophes and spaces.

• Ensure that the name corresponds to the sex of the animal. It is recommended that females carry the same or part of their dam’s name in order to preserve family connections. Naming bulls may follow any pattern; however names can be derived from the name of the sire.

• Often part of the tattoo is included in the name, in either format “Twisty Creek 14B ” or “Twisty Creek 14’14” where the letter for 2014 is B.

• Duplicate names are not permitted and the Association reserves the right to refuse any names which may be misleading as to the origin or relationship of an animal.

• Imported animals shall be registered with the same name that appears on the foreign registration certificate. Animals which are red in colour will have the “RED” prefix added to their name.

To change the name of a registered animal, written notice must be provided to the Canadian Angus Association (use Application to Alter an Animal’s Name/Tattoo/Pedigree (CAAFORM10)) and the registration certificate must be returned so a new one can be printed. Only the owner at birth can apply to change the name of a registered animal. The original registration certificate and the appropriate fee (see current fee schedule) must be included with the application. Name changes are only allowed if progeny have not been registered with the Canadian Angus Association. Registering Angus Cattle Once your membership has been processed and your tattoo letters and herd name have been assigned, you are ready to register your animals. To register cattle, you must pay for a membership for the year in which the animal was born. Registration Requirements For more information on animals that are eligible and ineligible for registration, please see Section C Regulatory Bylaws of the Constitution. Calf Registration Requirements

• Progeny must be registered by the person owning or leasing the dam at the time of birth.

• If a change of ownership has taken place after the birth and before the registration of the calf, a transfer of ownership must be filed for the dam and the calf must be registered by the owner at the time of birth and then transferred separately.

• Multiple births must be reported to allow for multiple registrations from the dam in that calving period.

• In the event a gestation interval is questionable, a parentage test may be required.




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Dam Registration Requirements • The dam must be registered or leased in the name of the member applying for registration.

• A formal copy of all leases must be on file with the Association (use Application for Registration of Lease (CAAFORM17)).

Sire Registration Requirements

• All sires used for breeding must have a DNA profile on record with the Canadian Angus Association verifying sire qualification before their offspring can be registered.

• If you are not the owner of the sire at the time of breeding, please have the owner of the sire sign beside your name on Herd Inventory and Application for Registration (CAAFORM11), or have the owner complete a Sire Authorization Form (CAAFORM20).

• If the calf was a result of an AI service, then the calf can be registered provided the bull is AI approved.

Commercial Animals The Canadian Angus Association only issues registration papers for purebred Angus animals that the owner wishes to have registered. However, not all animals need to be registered. Breeders who participate in the Canadian Angus Performance Program record unregistered animals in the herdbook so that they can provide performance data for them. These unregistered animals will be entered into the Association’s database and assigned an identification number that begins with the letters “CM” (commercial). A registration certificate will NOT be issued for a commercial animal although its performance data will be included in our genetic evaluation.

http://cdnangus.ca/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/form-17-fillable.pdf



http://cdnangus.ca/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/CAAForm20-Sire_Authorization_Formfillable.pdf


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BREEDER HOW TO How to Complete Herd Inventory and Application for Registration (CAAFORM11) There are two formats for this worksheet. Pre-printed worksheets are produced in January for Spring Calving Females and in July for Fall Calving Females and are mailed to members. Use these forms to register calves and to record data for the Canadian Angus Performance Program. The worksheet lists all the active cows in a herd that should calve as of the date that the form is produced. The dam information and service sire information on purchased bred females is already filled in. There is also a blank version of this form that can be downloaded from our website and is available in this handbook. You can also fill out the PDF form online and email this back to [email protected]

A. Performance Recording Herd This is an option to indicate whether you would like to participate in the Canadian Angus Performance Program by checking yes or be removed from the program by checking no. If nothing is chosen we will default to whatever is current on your member profile. B. Personal Information On a pre-printed form, your name and address will appear here; please check this information carefully for errors and make any necessary corrections. If you are using a blank form, please fill in this information. C. Page and Date A pre-printed form will tell you the date the form is current and will indicate which season/year this worksheet is for. For example, Spring 2015. 1. Genetic Dam If this is not pre-printed, please enter the Canadian registration number and tattoo for the dam of the calf that you are registering. You must be the owner or lessee of the dam on the calf ’s date of birth. 2. Tag The dam’s tag number appears here for your convenience on pre-printed forms. Any changes can be made here by crossing out the old tag number and entering the new number.


mailto:[email protected]


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3. Dam Status If the dam has a calf, leave this blank. If the dam is to be removed from your inventory, enter one of the following codes. This will deactivate her and stop her from appearing on future inventories. Acceptable codes are:

1 – Died (disease) 2 – Died (age) 3 – Died (other) 4 – Culled (physical defect) 5 – Culled (fertility) 6 – Culled (performance) 7 – Culled (temperament) 8 – Culled (age) 9 – Sold for breeding (no paper transferred)

If the dam is still in your herd but failed to produce a calf for this year, please indicate why by using one of the following codes. Please note these codes only apply to herds that are members of the Canadian Angus Performance Program.

10 – Sold for breeding (transfer forthcoming) 11 – Animal on lease 12 – Open (missed calving opportunity) 13 – ET (donor dam) 14 – ET (recipient dam) 15 – Moved to next calving season (a spring calving dam will be moved to your fall inventor y or vice versa) 16 – Still to calve in current season 17 – Aborted/premature

4. Sire Tattoo/Registration Number Enter the Canadian registration number and tattoo for the sire of the calf that you are registering. If you are using a pre-printed worksheet and you purchased the dam bred, the earliest recorded service will appear. If you are not the owner of the service sire at the time of breeding, have the owner sign the bottom of the form as authorization for use of the bull. 5. AI Put a Y in this box if the calf was conceived by artificial insemination. 6. Service Info If the calf was conceived by an AI service, indicate the date of service. If the cow was turned out with a bull for a natural service, indicate the first day the bull was turned out. If the cow was inseminated or exposed to different sires within 14 days of each other, all services must be reported. 7. Calf Tattoo/Tag List the full tattoo of the calf that you are registering. This will include the tattoo letters followed by a number of your choosing and then the year letter. It is also recommended that you list the calf ’s tag number. If no tag number is given we will assign the tag number as the tattoo number followed by the year letter. 8. Birth Date This space is for the calf’s date of birth. Every calf requires a date of birth. The proper format is


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day/month/year. 9. Sex Indicate the calf’s sex. A sex must be reported for every calf. Indicate M for male or F for female calves. 10. Number Born Indicate the number of calves born, regardless of the number of live calves. Use 1 for a single birth, 2 for twins, etc. In the case of multiple births, the second calf needs to be listed on a blank application form. Each calf in a multiple birth must be indicated as such on the form. 11. Calve Ease Describe the calving experience with the following codes:

U – Unassisted delivery E – Easy hand-pulled delivery H – Hard, hand-pulled or mechanical delivery M – Malpresentation, assisted S – Surgical, caesarean sect ion

Only these codes will be accepted. 12. Birth Weight List the calf’s birth weight in pounds, taken within 24 hours of birth. The weight must be measured by a scale. Scales reporting a weight rounded to the nearest 5 pounds are not acceptable. This weight will be printed on the calf’s registration certificate. 13. Birth Group All calves that were given the same opportunity to develop and gain birth weight should be placed in the same management group. Any calf whose birth weight would have been impacted because its dam was treated differently during the gestation period should be placed in a separate management group. The birth weight management groups can be labeled 1–99 and are mandatory for performance herds. 14. Colour A colour must be reported for all calves. Indicate R for red hided animals and B for black. Any white markings on the animal (e.g. birthmarks) must be noted on an attached note. Please refer to Section C, Article 2—Rules of Eligibility of the Constitution for rules governing the registration of animals with white markings. 15. Nurse A nurse code is only applicable in multiple births or when a single-born calf is fostered onto another cow that is not the genetic dam. The acceptable codes are:

1 – Single-born or twin-born calf that is fostered onto another cow and nurses alone 2 – Twin-born calves that both nurse their genetic dam 3 – Twin-born calf that nurses its genetic dam alone (other twin died or is fostered)

16. Disposal A calf disposal code is used to explain the calf’s removal from the herd. This only applies to performance herds as part of whole herd reporting. These calves will be recorded but not registered. All other calf information must be reported for disposed calves along with the code. Acceptable codes are:


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B – Stillborn (full term) C – Died at birth (defect) D – Died at birth (other) E – Born alive, died before weaning (disease) F – Born alive, died before weaning (other) G – Died after weaning (disease) H – Died after weaning (other) I – Sold (no transfer)

17. Reg. Now This box must be filled in. Indicate Y if you want to register this calf. The registration fee will be charged at this time and the calf will have a registration certificate. Indicate N for no if you are a performance recording herd and you only wish to record this calf and account for your performance data. If N is chosen there is no charge for the recording and the calf is assigned a CM (commercial) number. 18. E-Storage For animals for which you have selected Y in box 17, you have the option of printing a registration certificate right away or storing the registration electronically. If you put N for no, then the registration certificate will print right away. If you put Y for yes, then the certificate will remain electronically stored. You may request a registration certificate that is electronically stored to be printed at any time. 19. Name of Calf A name must be provided for all calves that you have asked us to register. There is a maximum of 30 characters including spaces. Any calf that was indicated as red in box number 14 will have the word RED added in front of the name. There are further regulations for naming your Angus calves; please refer to the Guidelines for Naming Angus Cattle section of this handbook for additional information. Please note that the member applying for registration must sign the bottom of the worksheet. Registering Artificial Insemination (AI) Calves To register a calf that results from AI, enter Y in the column marked AI on the Herd Inventory and Application for Registration (CAAFORM11). If the bull being used is AI approved, the calf will be registered. Bulls will now need to meet these requirements to be ‘AI Approved’: -

-Be parentage verified by DNA at a laboratory approved by the Canadian Angus Association. In accordance with the Canadian Angus Association’s Parentage Verification Policy.

- If there is a known genetic condition carrier within the first two generations of their pedigree, the bull will need to be tested for the condition; - An owner of the bull will fill out and sign the new Application for AI approval (CAAFORM29) and pay the fee of $100. - On the application form the owners will designate the bull as either Owner’s Approval Only or Public Access. If they choose Public Access then anyone who meets all other registration eligibility will be able to register progeny from him, or exactly like how we have treated AI approved bulls in the past. If



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designated as Owner’s Approval Only then listed owners of the bull only have the right to register progeny. An owner can designate other breeders who are not listed as an owner authorization to register progeny similar to a Sire Authorization Form on a walking bull. All bulls which have previously been approved for AI use will remain so. A full version of the updated Official Regulations Governing AI are available here for your reference. Registering Embryo Transplant Calves To register calves that result from embryo transplant, submit Embryo Transplant Application for Registration (CAAFORM26) and we will send you a DNA parentage test kit. All calves resulting from embryo transplant require DNA parentage verification before their registration can be completed. Once successful parentage results have been reported to the Association, we will complete the registration. If a dam is owned in partnership by two or more Canadian Angus Association members at the time of the flush, the partnership owns the embryos. The partnership could apply for a membership and tattoo letters and register the ET calves to the partnership. If individuals involved in the partnership apply to register calves from the jointly owned dam using their own tattoo letters and ownership, then the Canadian Angus Association will accommodate the registration of the calf by applying a transfer of ownership of the embryo from the partnership ownership to the ownership of the member registering the calf. The Canadian Angus Association will assume that the partners have worked out the requirements of registering progeny from a partnership-owned dam, and that the partners would apply for calf registrations in accordance with their agreement. Donor dams will be subject to an approval process that will be necessary to register progeny regardless if the owner of the calf owned the dam at the time of the flush or not, streamlining paperwork on calves resulting from embryo transfer and especially those resulting from purchased embryos. Since a donor dam has greater impact on the Herd Book due to the higher number of progeny she produces, it is important to ensure that we have as much information about her as possible. Cows that have a flush recorded at the office have been automatically approved and once approved a cow will remain so. To be ‘Donor Dam Approved’, a cow needs to:

- be parentage verified; - have all current owners of the dam sign the Application for Donor Dam approval (insert link to form) and pay the fee of $100; - tested if there is a known carrier of any genetic condition within 2 generations of her pedigree (for which there is a DNA test available).

The full version of the updated Official Regulations Governing Embryo Transfer are available here.

http://cdnangus.ca/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/AI.pdf

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BREEDER HOW TO How to Complete the Embryo Transplant Application for Registration (CAAFORM26)

A. Membership Name Enter the name of the Canadian Angus Association member who is applying for the registration of the ET calf/calves. B. Membership Number Enter the membership ID number of the Canadian Angus Association member who is applying for the registration of the ET calf/calves. C. Address Enter the mailing address of the Canadian Angus Association member who is applying for the registration of the ET calf/calves. D. Donor dam


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Identify the donor dam by using her tattoo and Canadian Angus Association registration number. (If you have more than one calf from the same flush, you may put up four calves on one form.) Note: All donor dams must be DNA parentage tested. E. Donor sire Identify the donor sire by using his tattoo and his Canadian Angus Association registration number. Note: All bulls used for breeding must be DNA parentage tested and sire verified. G. Recip identification Record the tag number if the recipient is a commercial animal, or record the tattoo and Canadian Angus Association registration number if the recipient is a registered Angus female. H. AI or Nat? Service Put A if the breeding was by Artificial Insemination, or put N if the breeding was by Natural Service. I. Implant Date This is the date that the embryo was implanted into the recipient. Enter the implant date in the order day/month/year. J. R/E Tattoo & Tag List the full tattoo of the calf that you are registering. This will include the tattoo letters followed by a number of your choosing and then the year letter. It is also recommended that you list the calf’s tag number. If no tag number is given we will assign the tag number as the tattoo number followed by the year letter. K. Birth date This space is for the calf’s date of birth. Every calf requires a date of birth. The proper format is day/month/year. L. Sex Indicate the calf’s sex. A sex must be reported for every calf. Indicate M for male or F for female calves. M. Num born Indicate the number of calves born, regardless of the number of live calves. Use 1 for a single birth, 2 for twins, etc. In the case of multiple births, the second calf needs to be listed on a blank application form. Each calf in a multiple birth must be indicated as such on the form. N. CE This refers to calving ease. Describe the cow’s calving experience using the following codes:

U – Unassisted delivery E – Easy hand-pulled delivery H – Hard, hand-pulled or mechanical delivery M – Malpresentation, assisted S – Surgical, caesarean section

O. BW List the calf’s birth weight in pounds, taken within 24 hours of birth. The weight must be measured by a


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scale. Scales reporting a weight rounded to the nearest 5 pounds are not acceptable. This weight will be printed on the calf’s registration certificate. P. Bth Group All calves that were given the same opportunity to develop and gain birth weight should be placed in the same management group. Any calf whose birth weight would have been impacted because its dam was treated differently during the gestation period should be placed in a separate management group. The birth weight management groups can be labeled 1–99 and are mandatory for herds that are on the performance program. Q. Colour A colour must be reported for all calves. Indicate R for red hided animals and B for black. Any white markings on the animal (e.g. birthmarks) must be noted on an attached note. Please refer to Section C, Article 2 —Rules of Eligibility of the Constitution for rules governing the registration of animals with white markings. R. Reg now This box must be filled in. Indicate Y if you want to register this calf. The registration fee will be charged at this time and the calf will have a registration certificate. Indicate N for no if you are a performance recording herd and you only wish to record this calf and account for your performance data. If N is chosen there is no charge for the recording and the calf is assigned a CM (commercial) number. S. E-Stor For animals for which you have selected Y in box R, you have the option of printing a registration certificate right away or storing the registration certificate electronically. If you put N for no, then the registration certificate will print right away. If you put Y for yes, then the certificate will remain electronically stored. You may request a registration certificate that is electronically stored to be printed at any time at no cost. T. Name of Calf A name must be provided for all calves that you have asked us to register. There is a maximum of 30 characters including spaces. Any calf that was indicated as red in box number 14 will have the word RED added in front of the name. There are further regulations for naming your Angus calves; please refer to the Guidelines for Naming Angus Cattle section of this handbook for additional information. U. Signature of Breeder that all information contained in this report is true. The member applying for registration must sign the bottom of this page. It is not necessary for breeders to submit embryo recovery sheets to the Canadian Angus Association office. Breeders are required to keep the sheets and must be able to produce them upon request from the Canadian Angus Association. Official Rules Governing Cell-Cloned Transplants The following requirements apply when registering calves resulting from cell-cloned transplants: 1. Only replication cell-cloned animals shall be eligible for registration. Genetically modified animals shall


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not be eligible for registration.

2. The cell-donor animal and the cell-cloned animal must be DNA parentage verified.

3. The breeder of the cell-donor animal must be identified as the breeder of the cell-cloned offspring.

4. The owner on record of the cell-cloned donor, on the date of biopsy removal, will be identified as the first owner, unless the calf is a result of a pregnant recipient, purchased embryo, fresh or frozen, in which case the producer may be identified as the first owner.

5. The Association may require DNA parentage verification of recipient dams.

6. Calves conceived after death of cell-donor animals shall be eligible for registration under the same conditions and provisions governing the eligibility of calves prior to the death of said animal.

7. Registration of cell-cloned transplants shall be made on a special form, provided by the Association, at the regular fee, plus an additional fee as determined by the Board of Directors.

8. Registration certificates issued for cell-cloned transplants shall be so designated. The registration number of the animal, which is being cloned, shall also be stated on the certificate of registration.

Nothing set forth herein should be construed as an indication that the Association takes any position as to the ownership rights, if any, of retained cell material. That is a separate matter reserved for discussion or negotiation between the buyer and seller. Registering Foreign Animals Angus associations have differing policies for registering animals. Thus, any animal imported into the Canadian Angus Herdbook must be eligible for registration according to our rules. If you have purchased a foreign registered animal from a country that is recognized under the World Angus Secretariat, you would apply to register the animal in the Canadian Angus Herdbook using Application for Registration of an Imported (Foreign) Animal (CAAFORM12). This form itemizes exactly what paperwork to attach to the completed form, depending on the situation of its entry into Canada. A foreign animal that is going to be used for artificial insemination must meet the requirements for AI approval; see the section on Official Regulations Governing Artificial Insemination in this handbook for details. A foreign animal that is going to be used as a donor dam must meet the Official Regulations Governing Embryo Transfer. Before you submit the completed Application for Registration of an Imported (Foreign) Animal (CAAFORM12), please ensure you have done the following:

• Attach an original certificate of registration from the country of origin.

• If you are the current owner listed on the foreign registration certificate, attach the completed Application for Registration of an Imported (Foreign) Animal (CAAFORM12), along with the

http://cdnangus.ca/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/Form-12-fillable.pdf




http://www.cdnangus.ca/registry/forms/CAAFORM12-Application_Registration_Imported_Animal.pdf


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registration certificate. This will be sufficient for entry into the Canadian Angus Herdbook.

• If the animal being applied for is for use as an AI sire or a donor dam and is not owned by the Canadian Angus Association member submitting this application, include Signing Authority Agreement on Behalf of Individuals, Partnerships, Ranches, etc. (CAAFORM7) indicating the animal’s name and foreign registration number.

The service sire will have to have been DNA parentage tested and have sire verification on his DNA parentage report. An imported bull being used as a sire will have to have an acceptable DNA report on file, along with sire verification, before his progeny will be eligible for registration in Canada. Request for Information Sometimes a registration cannot be processed because registry staff has questions about the calves. If this happens, the calf will be assigned a ?number (question mark number) and you will receive a Request for Information (RFI) by e-mail (if you have an e-mail address on file) or in the mail. The RFI identifies the specific information required to proceed with the registration. You must respond to the RFI in writing. To ensure accuracy, changes cannot be accepted by telephone. Simply make the corrections or add the necessary information on the RFI and return it to the Canadian Angus Association office by e-mail, fax or mail. The fee for the registration will be held for 90 days to allow you time to respond. After 90 days the registration fee will be assessed as per the current fee schedule. Suspension of Registration If a DNA parentage test identifies a parentage problem on a registered animal, a temporary suspension will be applied and the Canadian Angus Association Registry Department will work toward a solution with the parties involved. Once the parentage and pedigree have been resolved, the suspension will be removed. If the parentage problem remains unsolved, the suspension will remain.

Transferring Angus Cattle The Animal Pedigree Act requires that all animals sold as registered be officially transferred by the seller and the registration certificate presented to the purchaser within six months of the date of sale. Any registered Angus animal that is sold must have its registration certificate transferred to the new owner within six months of the sale as per the Canadian Angus Association bylaws. If the animal is not intended for sale as a registered Angus, its registration certificate should be returned to the Association for cancellation and the seller must note on the bill of sale that the ‘animal was sold as a commercial animal—no paper available’. The Canadian Angus Association recommends that buyers and sellers of purebred Angus cattle use a bill of





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sale (see Sample Bill of Sale (CAAFORM5)) in the forms section of this handbook) and clearly note all details of the sale and/or agreements in writing. If a dispute arises and the seller isn’t cooperating with the transfer of the animal, please contact the Association for advice. How to Transfer To transfer animals, complete the Application for Transfer of Ownership located on the reverse side of the registration certificate and return it to the Canadian Angus Association with the appropriate fee as per the current fee schedule within six months of the date of sale. If the registration certificate is electronically stored, use Application for Transfer of Ownership (CAAFORM16). If a bred female is sold, the service dates and information must be provided on the transfer application. All service sires must be DNA tested and the bull must be AI approved if applicable. If a semen interest is retained on a bull that is being transferred, put both the name of the buyer and your own name on the application for transfer so that both names appear on the registration certificate as current owners. PLEASE NOTE: The transfer fee is the responsibility of the seller unless otherwise noted on the bill of sale. All signatures of listed owners must appear on the transfer, unless Signing Authority Agreement for Canadian Angus Association Registered Animals (CAAFORM6) has been provided. In the case where an entire herd is transferred to a new owner, one application for transfer may be completed if a list of animals to be transferred is attached. The completed transfer form and registration certificates of the listed animals must be forwarded to the Canadian Angus Association with the appropriate fees. Non-Financial Transfers Non-financial transfers are ownership transfers in which no money changes hands. These transfers are usually between family members, partners, company members or estate settlements. Partnerships and company members must all be recorded with the Canadian Angus Association before a non-financial transfer will be processed at the non-financial transfer fee. Some common non-financial transfer situations are:

• Transfer from an individual to a partnership, or a partnership to an individual.

• Addition or deletion of an individual in a partnership or farm name.

• Estate transfers to another family member or beneficiary. Estate transfers require either a death certificate, a copy of the will or a letter from the lawyer of the estate, including the name(s) of the executors. The executor will be the signing authority for estate transfers.

• Transfers of herd names and tattoo letters can also be included in estate settlements.

A Canadian Angus Association membership is NOT required to transfer an animal.




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Leasing Animals: What You Should Know Angus animals may be leased to another party as long as the lessor (the person who owns the animal) completes an Application for Registration of Lease (CAAFORM17) and submits it to the Association to register the lease. Once the lease is registered with the Canadian Angus Association, the lessee (the person who is leasing the animal from the owner) can register calves sired by the bull or produced by the cows as if (s)he were the actual owner. If the lease is for a female that has been bred by the owner, the service dates must be provided to the Association at the time the lease is applied for. At the end of the lease period, registration privileges revert back to the recorded owner. The Application for Registration of Lease (CAAFORM17) supplied by the Association contains only the information required for the Association’s needs. The lease form is not to be construed as a binding agreement between the lessor and the lessee. All lease periods must include a beginning and an ending date; no open-ended leases will be accepted. Should the lessor and the lessee agree to extend the lease, we require updated documents with the new end date. For more information on leasing, please see Section C, Article 4—Leases of the Constitution.

Online Authorized Users Authorized users are members who have set up a Canadian Angus Association Internet. Authorized users can access registry information, prepared worksheets for data submission, register animals online, enter weights online, and can receive and view reports such as herd inventory, EPD reports, weaning and yearling reports electronically. There is no fee to become an authorized user. To sign up, complete Electronic Registration Agreement (CAAFORM21) and return it to the Canadian Angus Association. You will receive an e-mail confirmation that includes your password. We strongly recommend that new authorized users take the time to read the instructions on our website before attempting to use the online system. When you have signed in as an authorized user, the main page provides basic information about what you have access to. Step-by-step instructions are available on the Canadian Angus Association website.

DNA Parentage Verification Policy Under the Animal Pedigree Act, it is illegal for any breeder to make a false statement or representation regarding the registration of an animal. Thus, if there is any uncertainty about an animal’s parentage, it is the breeder’s responsibility to arrange a DNA test to determine correct parentage.



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In an effort to ensure the purity of the Angus breed, the Canadian Angus Association uses DNA microsatellite testing to verify parentage of offspring to their sires and dams. Sire Policy

• All sires used for breeding must have a DNA parentage profile on record with the Canadian Angus Association showing sire verification before their offspring can be registered.

• Sires being used for AI must be parentage verified to the fullest extent possible before they are granted AI approval status.

Dam Policy

• All dams used as donor dams must be DNA parentage tested. It is recommended that dams used as donors be parentage verified to the fullest extent possible.

• If a dam is less than 516 days of age when a calf is born, then the calf must be parentage verified to the sire and the dam; in this case the dam would require a DNA parentage test.

• A calf that is selected as a spot test calf must be parentage verified to its sire and dam before the spot test is complete; so a dam of a spot test calf will require a DNA parentage test.

Calf Policy

• If a cow is re-bred by AI or natural service from a different sire within 14 days of the previous service, the owner is required to report both services to the Canadian Angus Association and request a DNA parentage test so the calf is registered properly once the sire is determined.

• If breeding dates and birthdates are questionable, the Canadian Angus Association will ask breeders for clarification of the dates, and recommend that a DNA parentage test be performed if there is a question regarding correctness of the pedigree.

DNA Parentage Verification Parentage testing must be done on every calf from an embryo flush, one out of every 200 animals that is registered by the Canadian Angus Association (random spot check) and any animal that is of questionable parentage. Delta Genomics, Edmonton provides parentage verification services to Canadian Angus Association members. No other laboratories are authorized to provide this service. Spot Tests In an effort to ensure that the parentage of registered animals is correct and to maintain breed purity, the Canadian Angus Association verifies the parentage of every 200th registered animal. When an animal is chosen, the Association will notify the owner and a DNA parentage test will be done. If the spot test confirms parentage, the Canadian Angus Association will pay for the test. If a parentage error is discovered, the member will be charged for the spot test and must complete an additional spot test also at their expense. In addition, for every parentage test that reveals an error, the member must complete additional spot tests, doubling the number of tests for each error. Hair samples will be required on both the dam and the calf. If the DNA parentage markers for the sire are not already on file, they will be required as well. Test samples must be submitted within 6 months of notification or the member’s account will be suspended and the member will pay for one additional parentage test for each outstanding test.


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DNA Coat Colour Test If a black dam is not known to be a red carrier and she produces a red calf, a coat colour test will be required on the dam, and a parentage test will be required on the calf. In this case, the Association will send a DNA parentage test kit for the dam and her calf. The owner will be responsible for the DNA parentage test fees, and the Canadian Angus Association will pay for the coat colour test for the dam. If a black sire is not known to be a red carrier and he produces a red calf, a coat colour test will be required on the sire and a parentage test will be required to qualify the sire to the calf. In this case, the Association will send a DNA parentage test kit for the calf. The owner will be responsible for the DNA parentage test fees, and the Canadian Angus Association will pay for the coat colour test for the sire. If both parents of a red calf are black and are not known to be red carriers, then the calf will require a DNA parentage test to qualify both parents, and the parents will both require coat colour tests. The owner will be responsible for the DNA parentage test fees and the Canadian Angus Association will pay for the coat colour test fees. We recommend that coat colour DNA tests be done on all bulls used in artificial insemination programs. How to DNA Test for Parentage and Coat Colour The Association currently uses Delta Genomics in Edmonton, Alberta, for our DNA parentage testing, coat colour testing and free-martin testing. See the current fee schedule for applicable fees for all DNA testing. DNA request forms can be requested by e-mail, phone or fax. We require the registration number and tattoo of the animal(s) to be tested. The Association will charge you for the DNA test as per the fee schedule and will send you a DNA requisition form in the mail. Please see How to Collect Hair Samples for instructions on collecting a good hair sample. You can also use DNA Test Request Form (CAAFORM18) to request a test kit. If you wish to DNA parentage test a new calf for which you are unsure of the sire, please provide birth information including the dam, possible sires, calf tattoo and date of birth. The Association will send a DNA test kit, the calf will be assigned a temporary number, and the registration will be completed after the DNA results are reported and a sire is determined. If a member is uncertain of the accuracy of a pedigree, for example if there have not been 14 days between exposures, the DNA parentage test must be done before a registration number is assigned. It usually takes approximately 10 working days from the date the sample is received by the lab for results to be provided to the Association. There is no rush service so please ensure that you allow adequate time for testing. How to DNA Test for a Free-martin It is possible for a female that is a twin to a male to be a free-martin, which means she is infertile. Delta can perform a free-martin test on a female calf to determine her ability to reproduce. Contact the Association to set up a free-martin test using hair or tissue samples. How to DNA Test for Coat Colour A DNA test is available through Delta to distinguish black cattle that carry red genes from those that are homozygous black. If you wish to coat colour test an Angus animal, contact the Association with the tattoo


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and registration number and we will prepare a test kit for you. Hair samples are used for coat colour testing. The hide colour of Angus animals is determined by one loci at which three different alleles are possible. E, the dominant black gene; e, the recessive red gene; and E+, the wild type gene that can result in black or red hide colour in the absence of the dominant black gene. Inheritance Mechanism for Coat Colour

Genes E black gene

E+ wild type gene

E red gene

E black gene

EE (black hide)

EE+ (black hide)

Ee (black hide)

E+ wild type gene

EE+ (black hide)

E+E+ (red or black hide)

E+e (red or black hide)

E red gene

Ee (black hide)

E+e (red or black hide)

Ee (red hide)

A calf with unexpected coat colour should be parentage verified first. Once the pedigree is verified, the calf and parent animals can be tested for coat colour genes. The coat colour and genotype do not affect an animal’s eligibility for registration. A calf with unexpected coat colour should be parentage verified first. Once the pedigree is verified, the calf and parent animals can be tested for coat colour genes. The coat colour and genotype do not affect an animal’s eligibility for registration. Storing Hair Samples The Canadian Angus Association strongly recommends that breeders collect hair samples when handling their animals for future use. Using the recommended collection process, collect the hair sample and store it in a clean unused envelope, clearly labeled with the animal’s tattoo. Collected samples can be stored in a cardboard box indefinitely. Do not freeze the samples; keep them dry and away from any moisture. The animal’s age at the time of collection doesn’t matter. You can collect hair samples from your newborn calves for future DNA testing.


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BREEDER HOW TO How to Collect Hair Samples

• The hair samples should be collected from the tip of the animal’s tail (switch). • Make sure that the hair is clean and free of urine and manure. Dirty samples will not be processed. • Comb or brush the tail to remove dead hair. • Wrap about five hair strands around your finger, approximately 2 inches (5 cm) from the base of the

tail, and then give a sharp pull. Inspect the hair and make sure the follicles are attached. Pull about 20 50-60 hairs per animal.

• Secure the hair together with adhesive tape, about 1 inch (2 .5 cm) from the follicles. Place the sample into the provided hair envelope. Seal the envelope immediately and identify the sample by writing the name, tattoo and registration number of the animal on the outside. Place only one sample per envelope.

• If collecting more than one sample or sampling different animals, make sure to clean your hands, combs and brushes between animals to minimize cross-contamination.

• Place the hair sample envelope and completed DNA form into a larger envelope and mail it to:

Delta Genomics 4424 TEC Centre, Enterprise Square 10230 Jasper Ave Edmonton, AB T5J 4P6

When collecting hair samples for DNA testing, Secure the hair with tape about select clean hair from the tip of the animal’s tail one inch from the follicles

Breed Development

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Breed Development

Canadian Angus Performance Program The Canadian Angus Performance Program is a voluntary evaluation program designed to help breeders select animals that will propel them toward their breeding goals. The program is based on performance data submission by breeders and the generation of selection tools by the Association. The Canadian Angus Association cooperates in two different biannual National Cattle Evaluations (NCEs). One evaluates Black Angus animals with the American Angus Association and the other evaluates Red Angus animals in cooperation with the Red Angus Association of America and the American Simmental Association. The merging of performance and pedigree databases with these other cattle associations results in more robust evaluations and more accurate genetic descriptions of animals that all the associations have in common. This also generates EPDs that are directly comparable to those of our American counterparts. Expected Progeny Differences Expected progeny differences (EPDs), generated during the NCEs, are predicted breeding values that allow for fair comparison of animals across herds, regardless of environment and management differences. They are expectations of how an animal’s progeny will perform, on average, for specific economically relevant traits. EPDs are posted in units of the trait and are compared to the breed average to estimate how well, comparatively, an animal’s calves will perform. Red and Black Angus EPDs cannot be compared directly as they are calculated on different levels. Instead, one can compare individual animals to their own respective breed average or to other animals. Participating in the Performance Program Members can join the Performance Program by completing Canadian Angus Association Membership Application: Canadian Angus Performance Program Application Form—Part 4 of 4 (CAAFORM1D). Participating members are required to complete their herd inventory information and calf weaning weight information every season. Members are also encouraged to submit yearling weights and ultrasound scanning data to strengthen their EPDs. Please see the fee schedule for information about the fees associated with the Performance Program. Heritability

The heritability of each trait evaluated is considered when calculating EPDs. All traits have different heritability—the proportion of variation for a particular trait that is determined genetically. The higher the heritability of a trait, the more accurately an individual’s own performance will predict its breeding value for this trait. Calving Ease and Milk have low heritability. This means that there are a lot of factors in addition to genetics that influence these traits, and a cow’s own milking ability does not reflect her daughters’ milking ability to a high degree. Conversely,

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Breed Development

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growth traits are moderately heritable and carcass traits are highly heritable. EPD Accuracy The Association provides breeders who participate in the Performance Program with three levels of EPDs: Parental Average EPDs: These are the most basic and least accurate EPDs. They are the best guideline available when calves are first reported and there is no performance data on them yet. Parental Average EPDs are indicated by a P for accuracy and are simply an average of the dam and sire’s EPDs. If a calf has only one parent with EPDs, its Parental Average EPDs will be only half of that one parent’s EPDs. Interim EPDs: These EPDs utilize the Parental Average EPD information on the calf plus any performance data on file and its ratio amongst its contemporary group. Interim EPDs are indicated by a P+ for accuracy and have a higher accuracy than a Parental Average EPD as they also include some performance data. National EPDs: Calculated in the National Cattle Evaluations (NCEs), these EPDs are the most accurate prediction of breeding value or genetic merit that can be determined from pedigree and performance data submitted. National EPDs are published with numerical accuracies that reflect the quantity and quality of data used in its calculation. Possible Change Table These tables, one for Red Angus EPDs and one for Black Angus EPDs, provide the range within which the true breeding value of an animal can fall dependent on the level of accuracy assigned to an EPD. A Birth Weight EPD for a Black Angus animal of +1 with an accuracy of 0.4 or 40% is expected to change by +/-1.58. So the true breeding value for the animal for birth weight will be somewhere between +2.58 and -0.58. If the animal’s Birth Weight EPD had an accuracy of 0.9 or 90% then its true breeding value for birth weight would be with in the much narrower range of +1.26 and +0.74. Possible Change Table for Black Angus Animals 2014

Accuracy BW WW YW Milk CED CEM SC CW Marb REA Fat 0.9 0.26 1.2 1.7 1 0.8 1.0 0.07 2 0.03 0.03 0.004 0.8 0.53 2.3 3.4 1.9 1.6 2.0 0.15 4 0.06 0.06 0.009 0.7 0.79 3.5 5.1 2.9 2.4 2.9 0.22 6 0.09 0.1 0.0013 0.6 1.05 4.6 6.8 3.9 3.2 3.9 0.29 8 0.12 0.13 0.017 0.5 1.31 5.8 8.5 4.9 3.9 4.9 0.37 10 0.15 0.16 0.022 0.4 1.58 7 10.2 5.8 4.7 5.8 0.44 12 0.18 0.19 0.026 0.3 1.84 8.1 11.9 6.8 5.4 6.8 0.51 13 0.21 0.23 0.03 0.2 2.1 9.3 13.6 7.8 6.2 7.8 0.59 15 0.24 0.26 0.035 0.1 2.36 10.4 15.3 8.7 7.2 8.8 0.66 17 0.26 0.29 0.039

Breed Development

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Possible Change Table for Red Angus Animals 2014 Accuracy BW WW YW Milk CED CEM HPG STAY YG CW Marb REA Fat

0.9 0.3 2 3 1 1 1 0 1 0.02 2 0.03 0.04 0.01 0.8 0.6 3 5 2 2 2 1 1 0.04 4 0.05 0.09 0.01 0.7 0.9 5 8 4 3 3 1 2 0.06 6 0.08 0.13 0.02 0.6 1.2 7 10 5 3 4 1 3 0.08 8 0.1 0.17 0.02 0.5 1.5 8 13 6 4 4 1 3 0.1 10 0.13 0.22 0.02 0.4 1.8 10 15 7 5 5 2 4 0.12 12 0.16 0.26 0.03 0.3 2.1 11 18 8 6 6 2 5 0.14 14 0.18 0.3 0.03 0.2 2.4 13 21 10 7 7 2 5 0.16 15 0.21 0.34 0.04 0.1 2.7 15 23 11 8 8 2 6 0.18 17 0.23 0.39 0.04

The Possible Change Tables for Black and Red Angus are updated after each genetic evaluation and are available on our website. Using EPDs EPDs are a selection tool used to reach a breeding goal efficiently. EPDs allow for fair comparison of Angus animals regardless of age or location in North America.

EPD Bull A Bull B Difference Birth Weight +4 -2 6 lbs

Weaning Weight +20 +5 15 lbs Yearling Weight +30 +20 10 lbs

In the example above, Bull A’s calves will on average weigh 6 lbs more at birth, 15 lbs more at weaning and 10 lbs more at yearling than Bull B’s calves. Whole Herd Reporting The Canadian Angus Performance Program is based on the principle of whole herd reporting. The program requirements include complete cow inventory information and weaning weights on all recorded calves. The environmental effect on calves’ performance is removed by comparing individual animal performance to that of the contemporary group average. To evaluate Calf 1, which weighed 560 lbs as shown below, we would compare it with the contemporary group average of 544. In this case, Calf 1 performed for weaning weight 16 lbs better than calves raised alongside it. This difference can be attributed to Calf 1’s growth genes, which it will pass on to its calves.

Calves from Bull A 510

540 480 520 490

Calf 1 560

http://cdnangus.ca/genetics/breed-averages-an-possible-change/

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570 580 590 600

Contemporary Group Average 544 Not reporting the performance of all calves in a herd results in a biased evaluation. For example, a breeder who only weighed calves that were being retained and sold off the lighter half of the calves without weighing them would have unfairly biased the contemporary group average as shown below.

Calves from Bull A Calf 1 560

570 580 590 600

Contemporary Group Average 580 Because this breeder did not follow the rules of Whole Herd Reporting, Calf 1 now appears to have performed 20 lbs lighter for weaning weight than his contemporary group average. As a result, his weaning weight EPD will be lighter than it should be, and his additive growth genes will be undermined. Canadian Angus EPDs are divided into three groups: growth EPDs, fertility trait EPDs and carcass trait EPDs. Growth EPDs Birth Weight EPD: Expressed in lbs, predicts on average how much heavier or lighter than the breed average an animal’s calves will be. If the breed average is 3 and an Angus animal has a BW EPD of 5, then on average this animal’s calves will be 2 lbs heavier than the breed average. Weaning Weight EPD: Expressed in lbs, predicts comparative progeny weight at 205 days of age. This EPD reflects pre-weaning growth potential that an animal is expected to contribute to its calves. Yearling Weight EPD: Expressed in lbs, predicts the differences in progeny performance at 365 days. The YW EPD reflects the animal’s calves’ potential for post-weaning growth. Fertility Trait EPDs Calving Ease Direct EPD: Predicts the percentage of unassisted birthings expected from an animal’s calves. This EPD reflects a combination of gestational growth and a calf’s conformation. The higher the CED EPD, the more likely it is that the animal’s calves will be born without assistance. Calving Ease Maternal EPD: Predicts the percentage of unassisted births an animal’s daughters will have with their first calves. This is a reflection of daughters’ pelvic shape and level of hormonal reactions and stamina during labour. The higher the CEM EPD, the more likely it is that the animal’s daughters will give birth without assistance.

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Heifer Pregnancy EPD: The probability, in percentage, that an animal’s daughters will conceive at 2 years of age. Stayability EPD: The probability that a female will be retained in a herd past 6 years of age. Milk EPD: Expressed in lbs of calf weaned, this is a prediction of an animal’s daughter’s milking ability. Total Maternal EPD: A measurement comprised of half of an animal’s Milk EPD and half of its additive genetic contribution to its calves’ weaning weights. Scrotal Circumference EPD: This EPD predicts the average scrotal circumference for an animal’s sons. Scrotal circumference is used to gauge a bull’s fertility. Carcass Trait EPDs Rib Eye Area EPD: Expressed in square inches, predicts the size of the rib eye muscle at the 12th rib in the average calf. Fat EPD: Expressed in inches, predicts the comparative depth of back fat over the 12th rib in the average calf. Marbling EPD: A predictor of the level of intramuscular fat in the rib eye muscle, this EPD is calculated using both ultrasound and carcass data. Carcass Weight EPD: Expressed in lbs, this EPD predicts differences in the average hot carcass weight in progeny. Yield Grade EPD: expressed in USDA yield grade score, this EPD predicts differences in carcass yield grade score, as a ratio of fat and rib eye area, to be expected from progeny. Percentile Rankings Percentile rankings for each EPD trait are displayed below the animals’ EPDs. They summarize where in the breed the animal ranks.

BW WW YW Milk TM SC CE CEM REA Marbling Fat EPD +1.6 +29 +69 +19 +34 -1.01 +10.0 +11.0 +0.52 +0.44 0.012 Acc 97 96 95 95 - 95 93 92 86 86 84 % 10 90 90 60 80 70 10 10 90 50 40

In this example, the animal is in the top 10th percentile of the breed for Calving Ease and Birth Weight EPDs but in the 90th percentile of the breed for Weaning Weight and Rib Eye Area EPDs.

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Percentile rankings can also be accessed in a graph format as pictured by clicking on the graph icon (as shown in the top left corner of the chart above) when looking at an animal in the online herdbook using the Animal Inquiry5 feature.

Percentile rankings, because they are based on EPDs, can be compared across herds and provide a fair way in which to compare animals’ breeding values. Percentile rankings indicate how an animal’s progeny, on average, will perform in comparison to the rest of the breed. Adjustment Factors Adjusted Weights Performance weights are adjusted to a specific age (205 days of age for weaning weights and 365 days age for yearling weights). The weights are also adjusted to factor the dam’s age as it is well documented that the calves’ opportunity to grow is affected by the dams’ age. A 5-year-old cow provides the optimum maternal environment. To calculate adjusted birth weights, use Tables 1 and 2. First, check how old the dam was when the calf was born. To adjust the calf birth weight, add the appropriate age of dam adjustment factor. Adjusted Birth Weight = Birth Weight + Age of Dam Adjustment

Table 1 Age of Dam at Calf Birth

Days Age of Dam Up to 1,003 days 2 years old

1,004 to 1,338 days 3 years old 1,339 to 1,703 days 4 years old 1,704 to 3,926 days 5 to 10 years old 3,927 days or older 11 years or older

http://abri.une.edu.au/online/cgi-bin/i4.dll?1=20213329&2=2431&3=56&5=2B3C2B3C3A

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Table 2 Dam Adjustment for Birth Weight

Age of Dam Age of Dam Additive 2 year olds Plus 7 pounds 3 year olds Plus 3 pounds 4 year olds Plus 1 pound

5 to 10 year olds None 11 year olds or older Plus 2 pounds

Table 3 Age of Dam Adjustment for Weaning Weight

Age of Dam Additive Age of Dam Male Calves Female Calves 2 year olds Plus 74 pounds Plus 60 pounds 3 year olds Plus 38 pounds Plus 30 pounds 4 year olds Plus 16 pounds Plus 10 pounds

5 to 10 year olds None None 11 year olds or older Plus 27 pounds Plus 25 pounds

To calculate adjusted weaning weights, first calculate the pre-weaning average daily gain and add the age of dam adjustment using table 3 above. Then adjust the pre-weaning average daily gain for 205 days and add the birth weight.

Pre-Weaning Average Daily Gain = (Weaning Weight – Birth Weight) / Age on Weight Date + (Age of Dam Adjustment / 205)

Adjusted Weaning Weight = Pre-Weaning Average Daily Gain x 205 + Birth Weight

Adjusted yearling weights do not account for age of dam since the calf growth after weaning is independent of the dam. To calculate adjusted yearling weights, first calculate post-weaning average daily gain.

Post-Weaning Average Daily Gain = (Yearling Weight – Weaning Weight) / (Age at Yearling Weight – Age at Weaning)

Adjusted Yearling Weight = Post-Weaning Average Daily Gain x 160 + Adjusted Weaning Weight

Adjusted weights put all weights on the same level so that you can compare animals equally. Ratios give breeders a snapshot of an animal’s performance within its contemporary group. However, care must be taken when comparing animals’ raw or adjusted performance as different environments will affect performance differently. EPDs remove the environmental effect on performance and predict only the genetic merit of each animal. In-herd comparisons of animals that have been raised in the same environment and have been given the same opportunities to grow can be made using ratios (indexes and rank).

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Ratios give you a measurement of how well each animal in the same contemporary group performed in comparison to the group average (which will be 100). Ratios provided for animals enrolled on the Performance Program are:

Weight per Day of Age: Final Weight / Age

Adjusted Birth Weight Ratio:

(Adjusted Birth Weight / Average Adjusted Birth Weight of Contemporary Group) x 100

Adjusted Weaning Weight Ratio: (Adjusted WW / Average Adjusted Weaning Weight of Contemporary Group) x 100

Adjusted Yearling Weight Ratio:

(Adjusted YW / Average adjusted Yearling Weight of Contemporary Group) x 100

Lifetime Gain: [(205 x Adjusted Weaning Weight) + (160 x Adjusted Yearling Weight)] / 365

Management and Contemporary Groups Management Groups: each performance trait that is reported to the Canadian Angus Association must be accompanied by management group information. The management grouping should reflect all the animals that had the same opportunity to develop the trait being reported. Management groups are numbered from 1 to 99. Most breeders place their main group of calves into management group 1. Calves that were sick enough to affect growth would be placed into a different management group, e.g. 2. Additionally, animals that are given extra feed should be placed into a different management group, e.g. 3, as these animals should not be compared to animals that were not given extra feed. Linked Herds: calves that are raised together with the same opportunities to grow should be placed in the same management group, regardless of ownership. Members’ herds can be linked together for performance purposes, allowing the calves to be placed in joint management groups. Breeders who raise their herds together should notify the Association. Contemporary Groups are assigned by the Association for the generation of evaluation data. Calves will be assigned into contemporary groups using the following parameters: sex, age of dam, calving season, twin birth, ET, weigh date, nurse code, and management group assigned by breeder. This means that heifer calves will not be compared to bull calves as males and females have different growth patterns. The contemporary group information is critical to the evaluation program as it is the basis of EPD, ratio, and index calculation. Measuring and Submitting Performance Data

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The first set of data sheets that must be submitted for each calving season is the Herd Inventory and Application for Registration (CAAFORM11). (Please refer to the Registry Information section of this handbook for details on completing these worksheets.) If you participate in the Performance Program then you must complete the form in its entirety. Every cow must have a calf recorded (whether you register it or not) or a dam status code as shown below. Calves that are crossbred or not going to be registered should still be recorded on your worksheet as this information will contribute to the cow’s performance evaluation. Cow Status Codes

1 – Died (disease) 10 – Sold for breeding (transfer forthcoming)

2 – Died (age) 11 – Animal on lease 3 – Died (other) 12 – Open (missed calving

opportunity) 4 – Culled (physical defect) 13 – ET (donor dam) 5 – Culled (fertility) 14 – ET (recipient dam) 6 – Culled (performance) 15 – Moved to next calving season 7 – Culled (temperament) 16 – Still to calve in current season 8 – Culled (age) 17 – Aborted/premature 9 – Sold for breeding (no paper transferred)

When recording a calf and its birth weight, a breeder must also indicate a birth management group. This is the breeder’s opportunity to indicate if any calf had a different opportunity to develop birth weight. Any cows that are treated differently during pregnancy, especially their last trimester as this is when birth weight is mostly developed, should have their calves assigned to a different birth group than all other calves. Birth groups are numerical and can be assigned any number between 1 and 99. Most breeders use group 1 for their main calf crop and then other groups such as birth group 2 for calves that had different opportunities to grow. ET calves, twins and fostered calves will be placed in their own contemporary groups by the Association as they should not be compared to other calves as their opportunity to grow is altered by their circumstance. These details are also recorded on the Herd Inventory and Application for Registration (CAAFORM11). The Nursing Codes to use are:

1. Single-born or twin-born calf that is fostered onto another cow and nurses alone 2. Twin-born calves that both nurse their genetic dam 3. Twin-born calf that nurses its genetic dam alone (other twin died or is fostered)

Once members have submitted complete herd inventory information, a Birth Averages Summary Report is generated. Birth Reports and Worksheets




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Birthing information submitted is used to calculate a summary of each sire’s calving performance for comparison. 205 Day Weight Worksheet The 205 Day Weight Worksheets are also generated once a complete herd inventory has been recorded. 205 day weights or weaning weights should be recorded within a week of calves being weaned, and are required for every calf recorded for that season. The acceptable age range for weaning weights (205 day weights) is 130–280 days of age for Red Angus and 120–280 days of age for Black Angus. It is best to try and weigh your animals when most of them are closest to 205 days. When to Weigh: Birth date of first calf

Halfway Date + 205 = Best date to weigh calves in management group Birth date of last calf When to Weigh Reference Table

Birth Date 205 Day Weight Date Birth Date 205 Day Weigh Date January 1 July 25 July 16 February 6 January 29 August 22 August 13 March 6 February 26 September 19 September 10 April 3 March 26 October 17 October 8 May 1 April 23 November 14 November 5 May 29 May 21 December 12 December 3 June 26 June 18 January 9 December 31 July 24

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BREEDER HOW TO How to Complete the 205 Day Weight Worksheet

When you receive your 205 Day Weight Worksheet, sections A through G should be pre-filled with information that you provided on the Herd Inventory and Application for Registration (CAAFORM11). Verify the information on the worksheet and indicate any necessary corrections. Please note that a correction fee may apply. H. Weigh Date If possible, all calves within a management group should be weighed on the same day. Calves weighed on different days are placed in different contemporary groups and are not compared to each other. I. Weight The weaning weight data submitted should be in pounds and must be measured using a scale. Please submit raw data without rounding or estimating the numbers. J. Man. Grp The management group applied to the weaning weight performance data should reflect which animals were given the same opportunity to develop weaning weight and which animals were treated differently. Animals that were given a growing advantage such as extra feed, or animals that experienced a disadvantage toward developing weaning weight such as being sick for an extensive period should not be compared to each other and should be placed in different management groups. Grouping animals together that were not treated similarly will generate inaccurate EPDs. Management groups are assigned numbers between 1 and 99 and are mandatory. K. Weeks Creep Fed Please list the number of weeks of supplemental feeding between birth and weaning other than pasture or their nursing dam’s milk. Weeks creep fed should be reported in number of weeks (not days). L. Cast. Date The castration date should be entered for a bull calf that has been steered. The date is important because steers and bulls are placed into different contemporary groups. M. Disp. Code

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Disposal code allows breeders to indicate calves that are no longer in the herd. If a calf is sold or transferred it should be weaned and weighed first. If a calf dies before weaning it should be coded as accurately as possible using the following codes:

Calf Fate Codes B — Stillborn (full term) C — Died at birth (defect) D — Died at birth (other) E — Born alive, died before weaning (disease) F — Born alive, died before weaning (other) G — Died after weaning (disease) H — Died after weaning (other) I — Sold (no transfer) J — Sold (transfer forthcoming)

N. Name of Calf A name must be provided for all calves that you have asked us to register. There is a maximum of 30 characters including spaces allowed in an animal’s name. Any calf that is red in colour will have the word RED added in front of the name. There are further regulations in regards to naming your Angus calves. Please refer to the Guidelines for Naming Angus Cattle section of this handbook for additional information. O. If CM Reg Now? If a calf has an identification number that starts with CM (commercial), you may choose to register it now by placing a Y in this box. The registration fee will be charged at this time and the calf will receive a registration number. P. Keep E-Stor? On a pre-printed worksheet, the words “E-Stored=Yes” will appear under the animal’s name in the Name of Calf box (box N). If you want the certificate to remain electronically stored, place a Y in the box for yes. If you want the registration certificate to print, place an N in the box for no. You may request a registration certificate that is electronically stored to be printed at any time. Performance Data Deadlines The deadlines for the inclusion of data in the Fall and Spring national cattle evaluations will be distributed to members and posted on our website. Partial data can be submitted in cases where one group of calves is in the acceptable age range and can be weaned and weighed prior to the NCE deadline. However, in order to remain compliant on the Canadian Angus Performance Program, complete performance data must be submitted once all calves are weaned and weighed. We recommend that performance data be submitted as soon as it is taken so that it may be processed and allow members the opportunity to review their performance reports and verify the data. Members who have not submitted complete information will be contacted to do so. Non-compliance can result in suspension from the Performance Program and a reinstatement fee will apply.


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205-Day/Weaning Weight Reports Weaning Report

Weaning reports are generated once all the weaning weights for the calf crop have been submitted. This report identifies the calves, their birth information, the weaning weight data submitted, the adjusted weaning weight, the calves’ average daily gain (ADG), and the calves’ index and rank within their contemporary groups based on ADG. This report allows for in-herd comparisons and a basic evaluation of the calves. It is strongly recommended that breeders verify all the information presented in this report to ensure accuracy. Animals that are ?pending registrations are not included in this evaluation or in the National Cattle Evaluation. It is recommended that members address all their ?pending registrations prior to the National Cattle Evaluation deadlines.

The Weaning Averages Summary Report lists the herd sires used for the season and summarizes the average weaning weight performance for their progeny for the season. This report provides breeders with a snapshot of how well their sires performed for calves at weaning. EPD Reports The Weaning Report is accompanied by EPD reports for calves, sires and dams. Calf Report

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The Calf EPD Report provides breeders with the most accurate EPDs available for the calves at that time. Calves will receive either Interim EPDs (P+) calculated using the weaning weight ratio/index and rank information, or they will receive parental average EPDs (P) which are simply an average of the dam’s and sire’s EPDs. Sire Report

The Sire EPD Report provides breeders with the most current EPDs available for the sires of the calves reported for that season. This report is a useful tool to compare sires and their calving performance within each herd. Dam Report

The Dam EPD Report provides breeders with the most current EPDs available for their dams for the calving season, summarizing the herd’s female genetics for evaluation.

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BREEDER HOW TO How to Complete the 365 Day Weight Worksheet The Weaning Weight Report is accompanied by a 365 Day (yearling) Weight Worksheet. Yearling weights are not compulsory but are strongly recommended as they increase the accuracy with which an animal’s genetic merit can be predicted. The acceptable age range for 365 day/yearling weights is 290–440 days of age. As with weaning weights, it is best to weigh your yearling calves when the majority of them are as close to 365 days of age as possible.

Columns A, B, C and L should be pre-filled with information that you have previously submitted to the Association. D. Weight Date The weight date is the date on which the calves were weighed and should be reported in the format dd/mm/yyyy. E. Weight The yearling weight should be recorded in pounds, and must be measured using a calibrated scale. Weights that are extrapolated or estimated should not be submitted into the Performance Program under any circumstances. F. Man. group The management group associated with this trait should reflect the post-weaning growth opportunity given to the calves. If calves that were in the same management group at weaning have been treated differently since that time, they should be assigned to different management groups at 365 days. EPDs are generated from the comparisons of animals within a management group. Grouping animals together that were not treated similarly will generate inaccurate EPDs. You can use numbers between 1 and 99 for your management groups. G. Disp Code A calf fate code can be applied to animals that will no longer be in the herd. Any animals that are sold or transferred should be weighed before doing so if possible.

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Calf Fate Codes B — Stillborn (full term) C — Died at birth (defect) D — Died at birth (other) E — Born alive, died before weaning (disease) F — Born alive, died before weaning (other) G — Died after weaning (disease) H — Died after weaning (other) I — Sold (no transfer) J — Sold (transfer forthcoming)

H. Scrotal Circ (Optional) Scrotal circumference is measured in centimeters by placing a flexible measuring tape at the largest diameter of the scrotum after the testicles have been positioned beside each other. This trait is an indication of a bull’s ability to produce sperm and is related to what age he and his daughters become sexually mature.

Adjusted 365 Day Yearling Scrotal Circumference = Scrotal Circumference +

(365 – Age at Measurement) x Breed Specific Age Adjustment Factor

Breed Specific Age Adjustment Factor: Black Angus – 0.0374 Red Angus – 0.0324

Adjusted scrotal circumference data is not reported back to the breeder; however, they are used in the National Cattle Evaluation to provide Scrotal Circumference EPDs for animals. I. Hip Height (Optional) Hip Height is measured in inches from the hooks or hip bones. The following diagram is a guide to measuring hip height. This measurement is optional for the Canadian Angus Performance Program. The Beef Improvement Federation guidelines on converting hip height to frame score can be found on the next page. J. If CM Reg Now? If a calf has an identification number that starts with CM (commercial), you may choose to register it now by placing a Y in this box. The registration fee will be charged at this time and the calf will receive a registration number. K. Keep E-Stor? On a pre-printed worksheet, the words “E-Stored=Yes” will appear under the animal’s name in the Name of Calf box (box L). If you want the certificate to remain electronically stored, place a Y in the box for yes. If you

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want the registration certificate to print, place an N in the box for no. You may request a registration certificate that is electronically stored to be printed at any time. L. Name of Calf A name must be provided for all calves that you have asked us to register. There is a maximum of 30 characters including spaces. Any calf that is red in colour will have the word RED added in front of the name. There are further regulations in regards to naming your Angus calves. Please refer to the Guidelines for Naming Angus Cattle section of this handbook for additional information. Yearling Reports

A 365 Day Yearling Report is generated after 365 day weights are processed. For each animal for which a yearling weight was submitted, the report identifies the actual weight, adjusted weight, the daily average gain between weaning and yearling, and the animal’s rank and index comparative to their contemporary group. The report also displays the weaning information on record for each animal. This report gives members an in-herd comparison of their animals at both weaning and yearling age.

The Yearling Averages Summary Report shows the herd sires used for the season and summarizes the average yearling weight performance for their progeny for the season. This report provides breeders with a snapshot of how well their sires performed for yearling calves. Converting Hip Height into Frame Scores To convert hip height into frame scores, follow these tables recommended by the Beef Improvement Federation. Hip Heights (inches) and Frame Scores for 5–21 Month-Old Bulls Age in Months Frame Score

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 5 33.5 35.5 37.5 39.5 41.6 43.6 45.6 47.7 49.7 6 34.8 36.8 38.8 40.8 42 .9 44.9 46.9 48.9 51.0

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7 36.0 38.0 40.0 42 .1 44.1 46.1 48.1 50.1 52 .2 8 37.2 39.2 41.2 43.2 45.2 47.2 49.3 51.3 53.3 9 38.2 40.2 42 .3 44.3 46.3 48.3 50.3 52 .3 54.3 10 39.2 41.2 43.3 45.3 47.3 49.3 51.3 53.3 55.3 11 40.2 42 .2 44.2 46.2 48.2 50.2 52 .2 54.2 56.2 12 41.0 43.3 45.0 47.0 49.0 51.0 53.0 55.0 57.0 13 41.8 43.8 45.8 47.8 49.8 51.8 53.8 55.8 57.7 14 42 .5 44.5 46.5 48.5 50.4 52 .4 54.4 56.4 58.4 15 43.1 45.1 47.1 49.1 51.1 53.0 55.0 57.0 59.0 16 43.6 45.6 47.6 49.6 51.6 53.6 55.6 57.5 59.5 17 44.1 46.1 48.1 50.1 52 .0 54.0 56.0 58.0 60.0 18 44.5 46.5 48.5 50.5 52 .4 54.4 56.4 58.4 60.3 19 44.9 46.8 48.8 50.8 52 .7 54.7 56.7 58.7 60.6 20 45.1 47.1 49.1 51.0 53.0 55.0 56.9 58.9 60.9 21 45.3 47.3 49.2 51.2 53.2 55.1 57.1 59.1 61.0

Hip Heights (inches) and Frame Scores for Mature Bulls Age in Months Frame Score 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 24 46.4 35.5 50.3 52 .3 53.9 56.0 58.0 60.0 62 .0 64.0 66.0 30 47.3 49.3 51.3 53.2 54.9 57.0 59.0 61.0 63.0 65.0 67.0 36 48.0 50.0 51.9 53.8 55.5 57.5 59.5 61.5 63.5 65.5 67.4 48 48.5 50.4 52 .3 54.1 55.9 58.0 60.0 62 .0 63.9 65.8 67.7 Hip Heights (inches) and Frame Scores for Mature Cows Age in Months Frame Score

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 24 43.1 45.0 46.9 48.8 50.7 52 .5 54.5 56.4 58.2 60.1 62 .0 30 43.8 45.8 47.5 49.4 51.3 53.1 55.1 57.0 58.9 60.8 62 .5 36 44.2 46.1 48.0 49.8 51.8 53.6 55.5 57.2 59.2 61.0 62 .8 48 44.6 46.5 48.2 50.0 52 .0 53.9 55.8 57.5 59.4 61.2 63.0 Hip Heights (inches) and Frame Scores for 5 –21 Month-Old Heifers Age in Months Frame Score

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 5 33.1 35.1 37.2 39.3 41.3 43.4 45.5 47.5 49.6 6 34.1 36.2 38.2 40.3 42 .3 44.4 46.5 48.5 50.6 7 35.1 37.1 39.2 41.2 43.3 45.3 47.4 49.4 51.5 8 36.0 38.0 40.1 42 .1 44.1 46.2 48.2 50.2 52 .3

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9 36.8 38.9 40.9 42 .9 44.9 47.0 49.0 51.0 53.0 10 37.6 39.6 41.6 43.7 45.7 47.7 49.7 51.7 53.8 11 38.3 40.3 42 .3 44.3 46.4 48.4 50.4 52 .4 54.4 12 39.0 41.0 43.0 45.0 47.0 49.0 51.0 53.0 55.0 13 39.6 41.6 43.6 45.5 47.5 49.5 51.5 53.5 55.5 14 40.1 42 .1 44.1 46.1 48.0 50.0 52 .0 54.0 56.0 15 40.6 42 .6 44.5 46.5 48.5 50.5 52 .4 54.4 56.4 16 41.0 43.0 44.9 46.9 48.9 50.8 52 .8 54.8 56.7 17 41.4 43.3 45.3 47.2 49.2 51.1 53.1 55.1 57.0 18 41.7 43.6 45.6 47.5 49.5 51.4 53.4 55.3 57.3 19 41.9 43.9 45.8 47.7 49.7 51.6 53.6 55.5 57.4 20 42 .1 44.1 46.0 47.9 49.8 51.8 53.7 55.6 57.6 21 42 .3 44.2 46.1 48.0 50.0 51.9 53.8 55.7 57.7

Ultrasound Scanning Ultrasound scanning allows breeders to measure carcass traits without having to progeny test using kill floor carcass data. Ultrasound scanning measures traits such as back fat depth, intramuscular fat or marbling, and rib eye area. These trait measurements, when submitted into the Performance Program, are used to calculate carcass EPDs. Ultrasound scanning is strongly recommended for accurate and robust carcass EPDs. Bulls must be between 320 and 440 days of age when they are scanned and heifers must be between 320 and 460 days of age. Ultrasound scanning data and analysis can only be accepted into the Performance Program if the Centralized Ultrasound Processing (CUP) lab and a certified technician process them. Please refer to our website for an up-to-date list of certified technicians in your area.

http://cdnangus.ca/genetics/ultrasound/

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BREEDER HOW TO How to Complete the Ultrasound Scanning—Barn Worksheet (CAAFORM24) Ultrasound scan results are recorded by the breeder and Centralized Ultrasound Processing (CUP)-accredited ultrasound technician on the barn worksheet provided. The completed worksheet is submitted to the CUP laboratory where the data will be analyzed and reported to the Canadian Angus Association. The Association will provide the breeder with two reports to help identify animals with superior carcass quality. The ultrasound data is also used in the national cattle evaluation to calculate carcass trait EPDs.

Sections A through E will be pre-filled when you receive the worksheet. Please verify the data to make sure it is accurate. F. Scan Weight The animal’s weight must be taken using a calibrated scale and reported in pounds. G. Wt Date Wt Date is the date the animals were weighed; Scan Date is the date of ultrasound scanning. H. Scan Date The date of scanning and weigh date should be the same (and cannot be more than three days apart). These should be reported in the format dd/mm/yyyy. I. Group Code Breeders must indicate a management group number (from 1 to 99) for the animals being scanned that reflects any differences in management and growth opportunity. For example, if some of the bulls have been at a test station and some bulls have been out on pasture, the bulls should be placed in different management groups. J. Test Type The test type should be indicated using the following parameters. Angus breeders are usually ultrasound scanning at their ranch and code R applies.

C = central D = developing heifer F = feed lot R = ranch test

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K. Scan Sex Indicate the sex of the animal on the scan date. L. Diet To indicate the primary diet of the animal being scanned, use the parameters listed below:

0 = unknown 1 = 0% concentrate 2 = <50% concentrate 3 = >50% concentrate

M. Remarks This section is for the breeder to record additional comments about the animal being scanned. Ultrasound Scanning Results Report

The Ultrasound Scanning Results report summarizes the measurements taken during scanning and adjusts them so that all animals in a contemporary group may be fairly compared. Ratios of these comparisons are also provided so that it is clear to see how each animal ranked in its contemporary group. Ultrasound Scanning Summary Report

The ultrasound scanning summary report indicates the calf carcass trait performance of all sires used by the breeder. Heifer Exposure The Heifer Exposure Worksheet is used to keep track of all heifers that were exposed to bulls either through natural breeding or artificial insemination and the dates of their exposures. This information is used to calculate Heifer Pregnancy EPDs. The Heifer Pregnancy EPD measures fertility and estimates the differences in a sire’s daughter’s ability to conceive and calve as a two year old. It is expressed as a percentage and is available to Canadian Red Angus breeders.

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The Heifer Exposure worksheet will be sent to each herd enrolled on the performance program. It will be pre-printed and include each heifer aged 9 to 17 months within your herd. Please see the next page for instructions on completing the Heifer Exposure Worksheet. BREEDER HOW TO How to Complete the Heifer Exposure Worksheet Heifer exposure information is linked to calves reported on the Herd Inventory and Application for Registration (CAAFORM11). From these two data points, the ease with which a heifer becomes pregnant is calculated and reported as a Heifer Pregnancy EPD.

1. Start Date The exposure start and end dates are mandatory; if they are not provided no exposure data will be recorded. The start date is the date in dd/mm/yyyy format that the heifer was first exposed to a bull or semen (AI). If the heifer was AI’d and then exposed in pasture, use the AI date as the start date. 2. End Date The end date is the last date that the heifer was in contact with a bull or semen. If the heifer was AI’d and then exposed in pasture, use the last date that the bull was with her as the end date. Note: if you had several groups of heifers, each with different start and end dates, please indicate this. Each heifer can have a different start and end date. A–E Sections A through E will be pre-filled when you receive the worksheet. Please make sure this information is accurate and mark any corrections on the form. F. Contemp. Group This section is your opportunity to indicate if any of the heifers were managed differently or given any different opportunities to become pregnant. Labeled from 1 to 99, the management groups should have heifers that were treated the same during exposure assigned to them. G. Exposed Yes H. Exposed No Please indicate here whether the heifer was exposed to a bull or not. I. Disposal Code This is another opportunity for you to deactivate or remove females from your inventory. A cow code must be entered using the following table:

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1 – Died (disease) 2 – Died (age) 3 – Died (other) 4 – Culled (physical defect) 5 – Culled (fertility) 6 – Culled (performance) 7 – Culled (temperament) 8 – Culled (age) 9 – Sold for breeding (no paper transferred)

J. Disposal Date The date of disposal should be indicated in dd/mm/yyyy format. Elite Programs The Canadian Angus Association recognizes animals that have superior in-herd performance as Elite Dams and Elite Sires. Elite Dam Criteria

1. The cow must be enrolled in the Canadian Angus Performance Program.

2. The cow must have a calf with a 205-day weight recorded within the past 18 months.

3. The cow’s first calf must be born and weaned within 1,000 days.

4. The cow must maintain a regular calving interval (regular is considered to be 365 +/- 30 days).

5. The average of the cow’s first four calves’ weaning weight ratio (index) must be at least 105. If she fails to do this with her first four calves (i.e. produces twins or becomes a donor dam), she can qualify later providing she has four calves with an average progeny weaning weight ratio (index) of 105, and she meets the other requirements.

6. The cow’s calves must be in contemporary groups with no less than 10 herd mates to determine the weaning weight ratio.

7. The cow’s progeny must be sired by a registered Angus bull.

Elite Sire Criteria

1. Must have five or more Elite daughters. Once an animal has been awarded Elite status it remains Elite although it may not be listed in the current recognition list if it did not qualify in the most recent year. Premier Dam Criteria

1. The cow must be enrolled in the Canadian Angus Performance Program.

2. The cow must have a calf with a 205-day weight recorded within the past 18 months.

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3. The cow must have her first calf within 1,000 days of her date of birth.

4. The cow must maintain a regular calving interval, calving within 395 days consecutively.

5. The cow must have four consecutive natural born calves that are registered.

6. The cow’s four calves must have Weaning Weight EPDs that are above breed average and have an accuracy of over 25%

7. The cow must have at least two registered grand calves.

8. Once a cow is designated a Premier Cow, she is always a Premier Cow, however, she will not be published in a year where she does not meet the above criteria.

Genetic Conditions To maintain Angus breed purity in Canada and to assist our members with their breeding decisions, the Canadian Angus Association identifies animals that have been identified as carriers of or have tested free of the causative genes for genetic conditions. Breeders have an ethical responsibility to disclose full pedigree information to potential buyers of an animal. Genetic condition test results are printed on registration certificates and published on our website. Breeders are encouraged to report all test results in sale catalogues. Basic information about genetic conditions is provided in this handbook. Please also refer to our website (www.cdnangus.ca) for the most current information available. Breeding a carrier animal to a non-carrier animal will result in half of the calves being both phenotypically and genotypically normal, while the other half of the calves, although phenotypically normal, will have inherited the defect causing allele or gene and be carriers. The following Punnett square shows the results of a homozygous dominant (AA) animal being bred to a heterozygous or carrier (Aa) animal:

A (normal) A (normal) A (normal) AA (free/non-carrier) AA (free/non-carrier)

A (recessive defect) Aa (carrier) Aa (carrier) A calf that has one carrier parent has a 50% chance of also being a carrier. DNA testing the calf will identify if it is a carrier or not. If a calf is born to parent animals that have not been tested for genetic conditions but has a known carrier animal in its grandparent generation, then it should also be tested because it has a 25% probability of having inherited the gene. However, it might be more economical to test the parent in this case. If the parent did not inherit the gene from the carrier grandparent then there is no way that the calf could have inherited the gene from the grandparent. Breeding two carrier animals as shown in the following Punnett square will result in one-quarter of the calves being both phenotypically and genotypically normal, half of the calves being carriers, and one-quarter of the calves inheriting both recessive alleles and being born affected:

http://cdnangus.ca/genetics/genetic-defects/

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A (normal) A (recessive defect) A (normal) AA (free/non-carrier) Aa (carrier)

A (recessive defect) Aa (carrier) Aa (affected) To maintain Angus breed integrity in Canada and to assist our members with their mating decisions, the Canadian Angus Association identifies animals that have been tested for genetic conditions and reports the subsequent results of this testing. It is good ethical practice to disclose full pedigree information to potential buyers of an animal. Test results are printed on registration certificates and we encourage breeders to report all carriers in sale catalogues. Genetic Condition Policy This “Genetic Condition Policy” replaces all previous policies of the Canadian Angus Association including those

titled “Genetic Defect Policy”.

Effective September 22nd, 2013 and applying to animals born on or after September 22nd, 2013 The Canadian Angus Association currently monitors the following genetic conditions: Mannosidosis (MA) Pulmonary Hypoplasia (PH) Tibial Hemimelia (TH) Double Muscling (DM) Dwarfism (DW) Contractural Arachnodactyly (CA) Developmental Duplication (DD) Heterochromia Irides (HI) Protoporphyria (PR) Hypotrichosis (HY) Syndactyly (SN) The Canadian Angus Association acknowledges and seeks to identify carriers of the following genetic conditions which have twenty five (25) confirmed affected cases in Canada and the United States, within the Angus breed and verified to a registered Angus parent: Arthrogryposis Multiplex (AM) Neuropathic Hydrocephalous (NH) Osteopetrosis (OS) Once the CAA has formally acknowledged and identified a genetic condition, the following process will be enacted: Calves that have known carriers of a genetic condition in the first two generations (parental and grandparental) of their pedigree, will need to be tested for the causative gene to be eligible for registration. If the animal is found to be a carrier of the causative gene it is eligible for registration and transfer. The subject animal’s genetic condition status will be noted on its registration certificate, including electronically, per Procedure V.: Notations on Registration Certificates listed below. The Association will send an e-mail notification to all members with registered animals (purebred breeders) summarizing the information on any new developments on genetic conditions, both those that are Acknowledged and Identified as well as those being Monitored. The notification will refer members to the Association website. Procedure The following procedures shall be followed in connection with the registration status of potential and known carriers of a genetic condition:

http://www.cdnangus.ca/breed/Tibial_Hemimelia.htm

http://www.cdnangus.ca/breed/Contractural_Arachnodactyly.htm

http://www.cdnangus.ca/breed/Heterochromia_Irides.htm

http://www.cdnangus.ca/breed/Hypotrichosis.htm

http://www.cdnangus.ca/breed/Syndactyly.htm

http://www.cdnangus.ca/breed/Osteopetrosis.htm


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I. Status of Currently Registered Females and Bulls Notwithstanding any subsequent test results, all registered females and bulls with the impacted genetics in their pedigrees as of January 1st in the year following the CAA’s identification and acknowledgement of a genetic condition shall remain registered. II. Testing of Animals Testing to determine whether an animal is a carrier, or free, of the causative gene of a genetic condition shall be conducted through the CAA. III. Publication of Test Results by the Association Results of the testing shall be noted on the Registration Certificate of subject animals, including electronically. The Association shall also maintain an updated list of each animal determined to be a carrier, as well as those who have tested free of such condition. Upon request, the CAA shall provide such a list at no cost to the requesting member. IV. Right to Request a Second DNA Test In those instances in which an animal previously registered or seeking registration is tested and determined to be a carrier of the genetic condition (and is identified as such electronically on the Association’s website), the member owner of record may request that an approved laboratory conduct a second DNA test on a sample from subject animal. In order to process a request for a second test, the member owner of record must provide materials or samples sufficient to permit the laboratory to verify the parentage of the animal in question. V. Notations on Registration Certificates Upon testing of an animal for a genetic condition, the animal’s registration certificate shall be noted in one of the two following manners:

A. the letter “F” designating “FREE” on the registration certificate of any animal that has been determined by such a test to be free of the genetic condition B. the letter “C” designating “CARRIER” on the registration certificate of any animal that has been determined by such test to be a carrier of the genetic condition. C. within pedigrees online and on registration certificates, ≠ will indicate animals tested free, and the letter C will indicate a carrier test result.

AI bulls and Donor Dams AI sires and Donor dams that have a known carrier of any genetic condition, for which there is a DNA test commercially available, within the first two (2) generations of their pedigree are required to be tested prior to registration of calves. Foreign Animals Foreign animals with a known carrier of a genetic condition, for which a DNA test is commercially available, in the first two (2) generations of their pedigree must be tested for the causative genetic condition in order to be eligible for registration.

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Genetic conditions for which there is no DNA test available Animals that have known carriers of a genetic condition for which there is NO DNA test commercially available in the first two (2) generations of their pedigree ARE eligible for registration. For animals born before September 22nd 2013 Animals born before September 22nd 2013 are subject to the Association Genetic Defect policy which required an animal to be tested free of any genetic condition for which there was a confirmed carrier in the first two generations of its pedigree. Geneprob Herd AnalysisOne of the tools that the Canadian Angus Association provides to help members manage genetic conditions is a Geneprob herd analysis. These reports identify the probability of your owned animals carrying the genes for several genetic conditions. Contact the Association to request an analysis for your herd prior to doing any genetic condition testing. The analysis will provide a snapshot of your genetics and allow you to focus your testing economically. Please see the current fee schedule for rates. Abnormal Calves: calves that are stillborn or born with abnormalities are most commonly affected by environmental factors such as lack of minerals, viral infection, or exposure to toxic materials. All abnormal calves should be reported to the Association using Calf Abnormality Report (CAAFORM23) so that the Association can monitor the occurrence of abnormal calves. The Canadian Angus Association’s genetic condition policy is designed to eliminate the probability of getting affected calves, the associated economic impacts and also to minimize the frequency of these genes within the Canadian Angus gene pool. DNA Testing for Genetic Conditions DNA testing is available as a tool to identify carrier animals so that breeders can avoid breeding carrier animals to prevent having affected calves and minimize the number of carriers in the Canadian Angus Herdbook. To request test kits for genetic defect testing, submit DNA Test Request (CAAFORM18) to the office. You will receive DNA test kits and instruct ions. The tests can be performed on hair, semen or tissue samples.

http://www.cdnangus.ca/members/fee_schedule.htm

http://www.cdnangus.ca/registry/forms/CAAForm23-Calf_Abnormality_Report.pdf

http://cdnangus.ca/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/CAAFORM18-DNA_Request_fillable.pdf

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BREEDER HOW TO Reporting an Abnormal Calf Members of the Canadian Angus Association are required to report abnormalities in their herds. If an abnormality is observed:

1. Complete and submit Calf Abnormality Report (CAAFORM23) to the Canadian Angus Association office.

2. Collect DNA samples (hair from calf, dam and sire) to keep on record for future reference.

3. Verify parentage (through DNA parentage testing) of the abnormal calf to both the sire and dam.

4. Collect photographs for future reference. 5. Conduct a pedigree search for common

ancestors. 6. Complete a veterinary inspection, DNA

analysis and/or pathology exam if required.

http://cdnangus.ca/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/CAAForm23-Calf_Abnormality_Reportfillable.pdf

http://cdnangus.ca/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/CAAForm23-Calf_Abnormality_Reportfillable.pdf

Marketing

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Marketing

Marketing is a key component of any business plan. On the following pages we present some basic information about marketing as well as an introduction to the tools available to you as a member of the Canadian Angus Association. We strongly recommend that new breeders research cattle marketing and identify different techniques that will work best for them. Marketing is the responsibility of each individual producer and while the Association offers resources to assist you, we do not buy, sell or market cattle on anyone’s behalf. The Canadian Angus Association receives numerous queries every year from people wanting to purchase live Angus cattle, semen and embryos. These queries are fairly evenly split between domestic and international prospective customers. We also work with industry groups such as the Canada Beef Inc. and Canadian Beef Breeds Council to help prospective customers find Angus cattle and Angus beef. To be fair to all members, the Canadian Angus Association does not recommend specific producers when we receive these queries. Angus Advantages When it comes to cattle genetics, Angus is not only a breed—it is also a brand. The Canadian Angus Association works to promote the Angus breed to commercial cattlemen and consumers. We work in partnership with provincial Angus associations, regional Angus groups and Angus producers and members. Canadian Angus animals and genetics have been exported with great success to all five continents and are generally regarded to be of superior quality in global genetic circles. Every individual has their own reasons for choosing to breed Angus cattle. Regardless of your personal reasons, all breeders should be familiar with the breed’s traits:

• Even in Canada’s sometimes harsh calving season, the Angus cow consistently delivers a calf that thrives with little assistance.

• The Angus mothering instinct is very strong, as is the calf’s instinct to get up and suck within the first few moments after birth.

• The Angus cow is renowned for her maternal traits, calving ease and ability to milk, producing a calf each year that more than exceeds half her body weight.

• Angus cows produce an abundance of milk right up to weaning.

• Angus are known for their stayability (a cow’s continuing ability to bear calves). It’s not unusual for 12-and 13-year-old Angus cows to be productive.

• No dehorning is required with Angus cattle as they carry a highly heritable, natural polled gene.

• The dark skin and udders of Red and Black Angus cattle mean that sunburned udders are rarely a problem.

• Cancer eye is not prevalent in Angus cattle.

• Angus thrive under all weather conditions with a minimum of maintenance and in all regions of Canada.

• Both purebred and Angus-cross cattle demonstrate superior feed conversion, providing higher net returns on investment.

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• Angus cattle have superior marbling ability, opening the door to improved beef tenderness.

• Canadian consumers recognize the name Angus and equate it with quality. They want Angus beef for its flavour, tenderness and marbling.

The most important message for anyone marketing Angus cattle is that if an animal is identified as Angus in advertising then it MUST be registered with the Canadian Angus Association. A registration certificate is the only way to authenticate Angus genetics. THERE IS NO SUCH THING AS A PUREBRED WITHOUT PAPERS. Making this statement is illegal under the Animal Pedigree Act. Markets for Angus Cattle No single Angus producer can be all things to all people. It is important that you understand the characteristics of cattle markets and how they will affect your overall marketing plan. Examples of target markets for breeders include purebred, commercial, semen, embryo and export markets. Purebred Cattle Market Purebred producers devote large amounts of time and effort developing the genetic line(s) of their herds. They pay attention to detail and select for specific traits that are of value to the Angus breed and the cattle industry based on phenotype and EPDs. Commercial Cattle Market Commercial cattle producers often choose purebred cattle to provide heterosis or hybrid vigor to their herds. Performance enhancing heterosis is best achieved through the use of purebred animals. Commercial cattle producers tend to seek enhancements in terminal traits and carcass merit and often have different goals than purebred producers. Semen and Embryo Markets Selling semen is big business in the cattle industry. The ability to artificially inseminate cows opened up a world of genetic possibilities. Embryo transplant and AI are the main ways to move cattle genetics around the world. While these markets can be lucrative, they should not be jumped into without careful assessment. Semen and embryos must meet rigorous standards and be handled in particular ways to be eligible for export and to remain viable. The benefits and rewards of selling semen and embryos can far outweigh the costs and work required. Storing semen and embryos from a particular animal can be beneficial. It is a form of insurance as it preserves the genetics should the animal no longer be available for breeding. Regardless of the market(s) that you choose to target in your operation, do your homework and be aware of the differences between strong trends and fad trends. If a trend makes practical sense then it will probably endure. Be sure that the genotypes that you have chosen are realistic and applicable. Know how and where they fit into the industry. The most successful purebred Angus breeders set their sights on what their customers will likely need in a few years. It is important to get to know your customers, their programs, and their intentions. Marketing Yourself

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While it’s natural to want to keep all of your best young cattle to improve your own herd, an Angus breeder’s herd is judged in part based on the kind of cattle (s)he offers for sale. Selling some good animals goes a long way to paying bills, whether you choose to sell your cattle privately; through a consignment, Internet or satellite sale; or at your local auction. Regardless of the marketing strategy that you choose to employ, keep in mind the following general points:

• You should allocate a portion of your gross income to advertising and promotion.

• The cattle business is a people business.

• Develop a reputation for being honest, fair and ethical to ensure a long career.

• Signage on your vehicle allows you to advertise wherever you go.

• Your farm is a reflection on you personally and your cattle. Disrepair and refuse make even the best cattle look poor.

• You can’t sell if you never go anywhere and never meet anyone.

• Look after your customers if you want them to be loyal.

Member Tools While it can be argued that the two most important marketing tools for any Angus producer are the telephone (for calling your customers) and your vehicle (for visiting your customers), as a member of the Canadian Angus Association you have access to a number of tools that can help you market your cattle. Canadian Angus Pedigree Some cow families have an incredible amount of prestige. Genetics from these families are highly sought after, whether the animals have become famous through their participation in shows or because the genetics are rare or they have produced numerous good progeny. Your Canadian Angus registration certificate includes the animal’s pedigree. Canadian Angus Registration Certificate A registration certificate is the only way to authenticate Angus genetics. The value of the certificate cannot be underestimated. It is a legal document and a permanent record of an animal’s identification. The registration certificate captures the animal’s owner, three-generation pedigree, genetic defect test results and performance data and EPDs. Expected Progeny Differences (EPDs) EPDs are estimations of an animal’s breeding value and of their genetic merit as parents. EPDs also allow for a fair comparison of breeding value by removing environmental biases such as climate and feed. EPDs take into account all known information about an animal, such as performance data, information from its ancestors and progeny. These data allow breeders to make informed decisions regarding breeding stock by evaluating growth-related traits, reproductive efficiency and carcass merit. Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed Tags The Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed Tag Program is a marketing program based on the Canadian Cattle Identification Agency (CCIA) tag. Angus tags are CCIA-compliant and identify animals with Angus genetics

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electronically and visually (with the distinctive green back and stylized letter A). Angus tags differentiate cattle of known Angus-influenced genetics from commodity cattle as animals must have at least one registered Angus parent to be eligible for the tags. Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed Tags also:

• Qualify cattle for Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed beef programs

• Qualify cattle for Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed sales across Canada

• Certify minimum 50% Angus genetics

• Come with free age verification—use the stickers provided with the tags to submit your information easily

• Can be paired with optional herd management visual (dangle) tags

• Are competitively priced and are delivered to you through the mail or by courier

As a purebred Angus producer and member of the Canadian Angus Association, you cannot only use and benefit from the program; you can also promote it to your commercial customers. Angus tags are a tool for purebred breeders to draw attention to the high quality genetics they provide to commercial cattle. Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed Tag Gift Certificates The Canadian Angus Association offers Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed Tag Gift Certificates to help members market the Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed program to their customers. The gift certificate is in the forms section of this handbook (Canadian Angus Association Tag Gift Certificate (CAAFORM25)) and can also be downloaded from our website. To use the gift certificate, fill it in and give it to your customer. He or she should submit the certificate with their completed tag order form to the Canadian Angus Association office. When the tag order has been processed, the Association will charge the amount listed on the gift certificate to the member’s account and credit that same amount to the customer’s total purchase price. Logos for Member Use Members who participate in the Canadian Angus Performance Program and who use Centralized Ultrasound Processing have the right to use the logos for these programs in their promotional materials. Contact the Canadian Angus Association office to request the logos you qualify to use. Use of all other Association logos including the Canadian Angus Association and Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed logos is restricted..

http://cdnangus.ca/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/CAAFORM25-Tag_Gift_Certificatefillable.pdf

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Pedigree Extract Services Upon request, the Canadian Angus Association can generate pedigree extracts that include the lot number, animal registration number, tattoo information, sex, date of birth, genetic defect test results, three-generation pedigree information and complete performance data including adjusted weights, ratios and the most up-to-date EPDs for each animal being offered for sale. In addition to the pedigree extract, members will have their sale catalogue published on our website, promoted through the Association’s social media channels and have the sale details added to our online events calendar. For an additional fee, animal photographs can also be included in the online herdbook. To request a pedigree extract, e-mail the Association the list of animals including the lot number if known and the animal registration and tattoo information. To have the catalogue posted on our website, please also include the sale details including sale date, location and contact information for inquiries. Elite Cows and Sires The Canadian Angus Association Elite Cow and Elite Sire programs identify superior cows and bulls within individual herds. Emphasis is placed on regularity of calving and above-average performance of the offspring. Breeders of Elite Cows and Elite Sires can identify their animals as such in sale catalogues, on their websites and in promotional literature. The current criteria and lists of qualified animals are posted on our website. Online Events Calendar The Canadian Angus Association maintains an online events calendar with information about sales, field days, industry conferences, etc. Members are entitled to free listings on the calendar and can include a link to their website as well as their contact information. Go to the Events Calendar page on our website to submit your event. Beef InfoXchange System (BIXS) The Canadian Angus Association was the first Canadian beef breed to join the Beef InfoXchange System (BIXS). It allows valuable information to be shared between all sectors of the beef industry. Producers can benchmark and compare their production management system against an industry average and track their own improvement over time. Cow-calf and feedlot producers and packers/processors can establish business relationships and improve their operational efficiencies and profitability as well as overall beef product quality through BIXS. Individual animal and carcass information also flows through BIXS. To learn more about Canadian Angus and BIXS, contact the office directly.

http://cdnangus.ca/activities-and-services/calendar-of-events/

https://www.formstack.com/forms/PSL-caa_event_add

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Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed is a certification program based on the Canadian Angus Association’s tag program that offers quality assurance and guarantees Angus genetics to branded Angus beef programs. Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed is the endorsement from the Canadian Angus Association and its members that the beef in the licensed participating programs is both Angus and Canadian. Because consumers associate Angus with quality, there are numerous beef products and beef programs that claim to be Angus. Until the development of the Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed program in 2009, there was no program for identifying whether the genetic content of the beef product was actually Angus. Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed includes an official logo, brand standards and protocols to ensure the following requirements are met:

1. Authenticity of Angus genetics.

2. Health and safety of product through processing at provincially or federally inspected plants.

3. Canadian Beef Grading Agency grade standard of a minimum of AA to ensure the consistency and taste that consumers demand.

4. The product is of Canadian origin.

Canadian Angus genetics are verified through the Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed Tag Program, which requires at least one registered purebred Angus parent to qualify. Thus Angus tagged cattle will have at least 50% Red or Black Angus genetics. Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed licensed participants are required to use cattle tagged with Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed Tags (Angus tags as they are commonly referred to) in their programs. Since the parameters of the program allow for 50% Red or Black Angus genetics, all beef breeds in Canada can participate, and both purebred and commercial cattle are included. Producers become involved in the program simply by using Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed Tags on qualified cattle. These Angus tagged cattle can then be sold directly into one of our licensed programs or through a Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed Feeder Sale. By verifying the genetic component of animals from the cow-calf level, consumers can be confident that the Angus beef they have purchased actually is Angus. The key pillars of the program are:

• Guaranteed Genetics The Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed program ensures animals used have minimum 50% Angus genetics through the Angus tag program. This is the only program of its kind in North America.

• Traceable Cattle are traceable through the Canadian Cattle Identification Agency (CCIA) RFID tag.

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• Increased Demand Consumers will have increased access to Canadian Angus beef through better product identification at the retail level.

• Reputable The Canadian Angus Association was incorporated in 1906 and has more than 2,500 members across Canada.

Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed Tags In 1999, the Canadian Angus Association created a tag program as a way to add value to the Angus breed. Since these early days, Angus tags have visually and electronically identified cattle with at least 50% Angus genetics. Angus tags quickly became the accepted standard for identifying Angus beef. In 2010, the program was re-branded and became part of the Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed program. Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed Tags, or Angus Tags as they are often referred to, are CCIA compliant radio-frequency identification tags. Although optional management (dangle) tags are available, the RFID tag is the official program tag that is recognized by feeders and packers. Management tags are only available to qualified producers who have purchased RFID tags. Cattle who have at least 50% Angus genetics qualify for Angus tags. Members of the Association qualify for tags based on their female herd inventory. Each active registered Angus bull owned by a commercial producer entitles them to purchase 50 Angus tags per year. As a purebred Angus breeder, it is important that you transfer bulls to your customers to ensure that there are no delays when they order tags. You may also choose to provide a gift certificate to your bull buyers as an incentive for them to order Angus tags. Please see the Marketing section of this handbook (look for Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed Tag Gift Certificates under Member Tools) for details. In addition to qualifying for Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed, the Angus tag program offers advantages over other RFID tags:

• Angus RFID tags have an Angus breed code embedded in the tag, allowing for easy electronic identification of Angus animals at feedlots, auction markets and packing plants.

• Angus Tags are a recognized CCIA RFID tag so no other tag is needed for national identification. In the province of Quebec, the Canadian Angus Association has worked with Agri-Traςabilité Québec (ATQ) to create an ATQ-compliant Angus tag.

• We have a dedicated team of fieldmen who work year-round to promote the Angus breed.

• The Association sponsors more than 150 Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed feeder sales across Canada each fall—more sales than any other breed.

• Tag customers are entitled to free third-party age verification by the Canadian Angus Association.

• The Canadian Angus Association recognizes auction markets and feedlots that go above and beyond to promote Angus and Angus-cross cattle through the annual Auction Market of the Year and Feedlot of the Year awards.

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Program Requirements • Cattle must have at least one registered Angus parent.

• Registration papers/semen receipt/lease of parent must be in the tag buyer’s name. Other methods of identifying a qualifying bull will be accepted; contact the Canadian Angus Association for further information.

• Tags must be applied in a manner that complies with CCIA and Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) rules and regulations.

• The Association reserves the right to verify program participants’ use of tags through documentation and farm audits by Canadian Angus Association representatives. Documentation and proper records need to be available if required to prove proper use of Angus tags.

Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed Tags: the tag on the left is the CCIA compliant RFID tag used across Canada and the tags on the right are the ATQ tags used exclusively in Quebec. Ordering Angus Tags There are four options for ordering Angus tags:

1. Order online at www.cdnangus.ca

2. Mail an order form and payment to the Canadian Angus Association

3. Fax a completed order form to (403) 571-3599

4. Call 1-888 -571-3580 during office hours

Tags are shipped through Canada Post. Typical shipping times are 5–10 business days. Rush shipping (by courier) is available for an additional charge if a street address is provided. Shipping times may vary based on your location and Canada Post delivery times. To order ATQ Angus tags, call ATQ direct at 1-866-270-4319 or order online at www.agri-tracabilite.qc.ca Age Verification Age verification is recording the birth date or start of calving season information on your calves in the CCIA database. The Canadian Angus Association offers free third-party age verification for cattle with an Angus


http://www.agri-tracabilite.qc.ca/

Rancher Endorsed

4

RFID tag. Age verification provides the proof of age Canadian beef needs for international markets and is also mandatory for animals born in Alberta. All requests for third-party age verification must be submitted in writing. Send a list of the Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed Tag numbers and the corresponding birth dates/start date of calving season by fax, e-mail or mail to the Canadian Angus Association office. Age verification can only be completed once the animals are tagged. An Age Verification Form is included with your tag invoice. Your age verification request must include:

• Producer name and mailing address

• Phone number

• Method of age verification—Calving Start Date or Individual Calf Birth Dates

• RFID tag numbers (only the last nine digits of the tag are needed)—you can use the stickers included with your RFID tag instead of writing out each tag number

Calving season age verification can be done as long as the season does not exceed three months. If the calving season is longer, you will need to list the tag numbers in groups with different starting dates of birth. Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed Tag Numbers on Registration Certificates All Angus tags and Angus ATQ tags are eligible to be cross-referenced to a registered animal and have the tag number printed on the certificate of registration. Once animals are tagged, the data can be submitted to the office with the application for registration or any time if the certificates are electronically stored. Older animals are also eligible for this service. You can submit the tag number on any animal originating on your premise and the papers will be updated the next time they are printed. If the tag falls out once recorded on the certificate it can be easily updated. Simply return the certificate of registration with an explanation and the new tag number to the office and we will issue you a corrected certificate free of charge. History of Angus Tags The Canadian Angus Association offered its first identification tag exclusively for the Angus breed in 1999. Called the Canadian Angus Certification Program or CACP, the program was created in response to increased demand for high quality Angus influence cattle that would consistently meet and exceed the stringent carcass quality requirements of the Canadian Angus Beef program. CACP was developed to appeal to all sectors involved in beef production including seedstock and commercial cow-calf producers, backgrounders and finishers, order buyers, auction marts and packing plants. In 2005, we made the switch to RFID technology ahead of CCIA. In 2010 along with other rebranding efforts, the Angus tag program was changed to the Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed tag program. The Canadian Angus Association began hosting CACP feeder sales in 2000. The first year we hosted five Angus feature sales, which jumped to 11 sales in 2001 and 21 in 2002. In 2010 the feeder sale program was re-branded as Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed Feeder Sales to reflect the relationship between the Angus tag as the basis for the genetics guarantee of the Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed program.

http://cdnangus.ca/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/Age_Verification_Form.pdf

Rancher Endorsed

5

Forms 1

Gestation Table Breeding date = Calving Date (282 day gestation length)

1-Jan 10-Oct 23-Fev 2-Dec 17-Apr 24-Jan 9-June 18-Mar 1-Aug 10-May 23-Sep 2-July 15-Nov 24-Aug 2-Jan 11-Oct 24-Fev 3-Dec 18-Apr 25-Jan 10-June 19-Mar 2-Aug 11-May 24-Sep 3-July 16-Nov 25-Aug 3-Jan 12-Oct 25-Fev 4-Dec 19-Apr 26-Jan 11-June 20-Mar 3-Aug 12-May 25-Sep 4-July 17-Nov 26-Aug 4-Jan 13-Oct 26-Fev 5-Dec 20-Apr 27-Jan 12-June 21-Mar 4-Aug 13-May 26-Sep 5-July 18-Nov 27-Aug 5-Jan 14-Oct 27-Fev 6-Dec 21-Apr 28-Jan 13-June 22-Mar 5-Aug 14-May 27-Sep 6-July 19-Nov 28-Aug 6-Jan 15-Oct 28-Fev 7-Dec 22-Apr 29-Jan 14-June 23-Mar 6-Aug 15-May 28-Sep 7-July 20-Nov 29-Aug 7-Jan 16-Oct 1-Mar 8-Dec 23-Apr 30-Jan 15-June 24-Mar 7-Aug 16-May 29-Sep 8-July 21-Nov 30-Aug 8-Jan 17-Oct 2-Mar 9-Dec 24-Apr 31-Jan 16-June 25-Mar 8-Aug 17-May 30-Sep 9-July 22-Nov 31-Aug 9-Jan 18-Oct 3-Mar 10-Dec 25-Apr 1-Feb 17-June 26-Mar 9-Aug 18-May 1-Oct 10-July 23-Nov 1-Sep 10-Jan 19-Oct 4-Mar 11-Dec 26-Apr 2-Feb 18-June 27-Mar 10-Aug 19-May 2-Oct 11-July 24-Nov 2-Sep 11-Jan 20-Oct 5-Mar 12-Dec 27-Apr 3-Feb 19-June 28-Mar 11-Aug 20-May 3-Oct 12-July 25-Nov 3-Sep 12-Jan 21-Oct 6-Mar 13-Dec 28-Apr 4-Feb 20-June 29-Mar 12-Aug 21-May 4-Oct 13-July 26-Nov 4-Sep 13-Jan 22-Oct 7-Mar 14-Dec 29-Apr 5-Feb 21-June 30-Mar 13-Aug 22-May 5-Oct 14-July 27-Nov 5-Sep 14-Jan 23-Oct 8-Mar 15-Dec 30-Apr 6-Feb 22-June 31-Mar 14-Aug 23-May 6-Oct 15-July 28-Nov 6-Sep 15-Jan 24-Oct 9-Mar 16-Dec 1-May 7-Feb 23-June 1-Apr 15-Aug 24-May 7-Oct 16-July 29-Nov 7-Sep 16-Jan 25-Oct 10-Mar 17-Dec 2-May 8-Feb 24-June 2-Apr 16-Aug 25-May 8-Oct 17-July 30-Nov 8-Sep 17-Jan 26-Oct 11-Mar 18-Dec 3-May 9-Feb 25-June 3-Apr 17-Aug 26-May 9-Oct 18-July 1-Dec 9-Sep 18-Jan 27-Oct 12-Mar 19-Dec 4-May 10-Feb 26-June 4-Apr 18-Aug 27-May 10-Oct 19-July 2-Dec 10-Sep 19-Jan 28-Oct 13-Mar 20-Dec 5-May 11-Feb 27-June 5-Apr 19-Aug 28-May 11-Oct 20-July 3-Dec 11-Sep 20-Jan 29-Oct 14-Mar 21-Dec 6-May 12-Feb 28-June 6-Apr 20-Aug 29-May 12-Oct 21-July 4-Dec 12-Sep 21-Jan 30-Oct 15-Mar 22-Dec 7-May 13-Feb 29-June 7-Apr 21-Aug 30-May 13-Oct 22-July 5-Dec 13-Sep 22-Jan 31-Oct 16-Mar 23-Dec 8-May 14-Feb 30-June 8-Apr 22-Aug 31-May 14-Oct 23-July 6-Dec 14-Sep 23-Jan 1-Nov 17-Mar 24-Dec 9-May 15-Feb 1-July 9-Apr 23-Aug 1-June 15-Oct 24-July 7-Dec 15-Sep 24-Jan 2-Nov 18-Mar 25-Dec 10-May 16-Feb 2-July 10-Apr 24-Aug 2-June 16-Oct 25-July 8-Dec 16-Sep 25-Jan 3-Nov 19-Mar 26-Dec 11-May 17-Feb 3-July 11-Apr 25-Aug 3-June 17-Oct 26-July 9-Dec 17-Sep 26-Jan 4-Nov 20-Mar 27-Dec 12-May 18-Feb 4-July 12-Apr 26-Aug 4-June 18-Oct 27-July 10-Dec 18-Sep 27-Jan 5-Nov 21-Mar 28-Dec 13-May 19-Feb 5-July 13-Apr 27-Aug 5-June 19-Oct 28-July 11-Dec 19-Sep 28-Jan 6-Nov 22-Mar 29-Dec 14-May 20-Feb 6-July 14-Apr 28-Aug 6-June 20-Oct 29-July 12-Dec 20-Sep 29-Jan 7-Nov 23-Mar 30-Dec 15-May 21-Feb 7-July 15-Apr 29-Aug 7-June 21-Oct 30-July 13-Dec 21-Sep 30-Jan 8-Nov 24-Mar 31-Dec 16-May 22-Feb 8-July 16-Apr 30-Aug 8-June 22-Oct 31-July 14-Dec 22-Sep 31-Jan 9-Nov 25-Mar 1-Jan 17-May 23-Feb 9-July 17-Apr 31-Aug 9-June 23-Oct 1-Aug 15-Dec 23-Sep 1-Fev 10-Nov 26-Mar 2-Jan 18-May 24-Feb 10-July 18-Apr 1-Sep 10-June 24-Oct 2-Aug 16-Dec 24-Sep 2-Fev 11-Nov 27-Mar 3-Jan 19-May 25-Feb 11-July 19-Apr 2-Sep 11-June 25-Oct 3-Aug 17-Dec 25-Sep 3-Fev 12-Nov 28-Mar 4-Jan 20-May 26-Feb 12-July 20-Apr 3-Sep 12-June 26-Oct 4-Aug 18-Dec 26-Sep 4-Fev 13-Nov 29-Mar 5-Jan 21-May 27-Feb 13-July 21-Apr 4-Sep 13-June 27-Oct 5-Aug 19-Dec 27-Sep 5-Fev 14-Nov 30-Mar 6-Jan 22-May 28-Feb 14-July 22-Apr 5-Sep 14-June 28-Oct 6-Aug 20-Dec 28-Sep 6-Fev 15-Nov 31-Mar 7-Jan 23-May 1-Mar 15-July 23-Apr 6-Sep 15-June 29-Oct 7-Aug 21-Dec 29-Sep 7-Fev 16-Nov 1-Apr 8-Jan 24-May 2-Mar 16-July 24-Apr 7-Sep 16-June 30-Oct 8-Aug 22-Dec 30-Sep 8-Fev 17-Nov 2-Apr 9-Jan 25-May 3-Mar 17-July 25-Apr 8-Sep 17-June 31-Oct 9-Aug 23-Dec 1-Oct 9-Fev 18-Nov 3-Apr 10-Jan 26-May 4-Mar 18-July 26-Apr 9-Sep 18-June 1-Nov 10-Aug 24-Dec 2-Oct 10-Fev 19-Nov 4-Apr 11-Jan 27-May 5-Mar 19-July 27-Apr 10-Sep 19-June 2-Nov 11-Aug 25-Dec 3-Oct 11-Fev 20-Nov 5-Apr 12-Jan 28-May 6-Mar 20-July 28-Apr 11-Sep 20-June 3-Nov 12-Aug 26-Dec 4-Oct 12-Fev 21-Nov 6-Apr 13-Jan 29-May 7-Mar 21-July 29-Apr 12-Sep 21-June 4-Nov 13-Aug 27-Dec 5-Oct 13-Fev 22-Nov 7-Apr 14-Jan 30-May 8-Mar 22-July 30-Apr 13-Sep 22-June 5-Nov 14-Aug 28-Dec 6-Oct 14-Fev 23-Nov 8-Apr 15-Jan 31-May 9-Mar 23-July 1-May 14-Sep 23-June 6-Nov 15-Aug 29-Dec 7-Oct 15-Fev 24-Nov 9-Apr 16-Jan 1-June 10-Mar 24-July 2-May 15-Sep 24-June 7-Nov 16-Aug 30-Dec 8-Oct 16-Fev 25-Nov 10-Apr 17-Jan 2-June 11-Mar 25-July 3-May 16-Sep 25-June 8-Nov 17-Aug 31-Dec 9-Oct 17-Fev 26-Nov 11-Apr 18-Jan 3-June 12-Mar 26-July 4-May 17-Sep 26-June 9-Nov 18-Aug 18-Fev 27-Nov 12-Apr 19-Jan 4-June 13-Mar 27-July 5-May 18-Sep 27-June 10-Nov 19-Aug 19-Fev 28-Nov 13-Apr 20-Jan 5-June 14-Mar 28-July 6-May 19-Sep 28-June 11-Nov 20-Aug 20-Fev 29-Nov 14-Apr 21-Jan 6-June 15-Mar 29-July 7-May 20-Sep 29-June 12-Nov 21-Aug 21-Fev 30-Nov 15-Apr 22-Jan 7-June 16-Mar 30-July 8-May 21-Sep 30-June 13-Nov 22-Aug 22-Fev 1-Dec 16-Apr 23-Jan 8-June 17-Mar 31-July 9-May 22-Sep 1-July 14-Nov 23-Aug

Forms

2

Breeder Reference

Cow Status Codes 1- Died (disease) 2- Died (age) 3- Died (other) 4- Culled (physical defect) 5- Culled (fertility) 6- Culled (performance) 7- Culled (temperament) 8- Culled (age) 9- Sold for breeding (no paper transferred) 10- Sold for breeding (transfer forthcoming) 11- Animal on lease 12- Open (missed calving opportunity) 13- ET (donor dam) 14- ET (recipient dam) 15- Moved to next calving season (a spring calving dam will be moved to your fall inventory or vice versa) 16- Still to calve in current season 17-Aborted/premature

When to Weigh Reference Table

Birth Date 205 Weigh Date January 1 July 25 January 29 August 22 February 26 September 19 March 26 October 17 April 23 November 14 May 21 December 12 June 18 January 9 July 16 February 6

August 13 March 6 September 10 April 3

October 8 May 1 November 5 May 29 December 3 June 26 December 31 July 24

Calf Fate Codes B- Stillborn (full term) C- Died at birth (defect) D- Died at birth (other) E- Born alive, died before weaning (disease) F- Born alive, died before weaning (other) G- Died after weaning (disease) H- Died after weaning (other) I- Sold (no transfer) J- Sold (transfer forthcoming)

Nurse Codes

1. Single-born or twin born calf that is fostered onto another cow and nurses alone

2. Twin-born calves that both nurse their genetic dam

3. Twin-born calf that nurses its genetic dam alone (other twin died or is fostered)

Calving Ease Codes U- Unassisted delivery E- Easy hand-pulled delivery H- Hard, hand-pulled or mechanical delivery M- Malpresentation, assisted S- Surgical, caesarean section

Glossary

1

Glossary Abnormal calf: a calf that has phenotypical malformations Aborted: a calf that has died and is not carried to full term by the dam Accuracy: the measure of the reliability of an EPD Adjusted 205-day weight: a calf’s weaning weight corrected to 205 days of age Adjusted 365-day weight: a calf’s yearling weight corrected to 365 days of age Age verification: the recording of a date of birth to a CCIA tag number in the national CCIA database Agri-Traςabilité Québec (ATQ): the organization responsible for identifying and age verifying cattle under the Health of Animals Act in Quebec Allele: a version of a gene; most genes have two versions or alleles Artificial insemination (AI): the technique of manually placing semen into a female’s reproductive tract during ovulation Average daily gain (ADG): the increase in weight over a period of time divided by the time span in days. This is calculated by the Canadian Angus Association from birth to weaning and from weaning to yearling. Bred: a female which is known to have been served by a bull either through natural breeding or artificial insemination Breed: animals which have a common origin and common characteristics which distinguish them from other groups of animals within the same species Breeder: the owner (or lessee) of the dam at the time of conception Birth weight: the weight of a calf recorded within 24 hours of birth using a calibrated scale and reported to the Association on the Herd Inventory and Application for Registration (CAAFORM11); expressed in pounds Body condition score: a Beef Improvement Federation guideline for scoring the amount of muscling and fat on an animal’s body where 1 equals very thin and 9 equals extremely fat British breed: a breed of cattle originating from the United Kingdom; Angus is an example of a British breed Calf: generally refers to an animal who is less than 1 year of age Calving ease: describes the difficulty (or lack thereof) of a calf’s birth. It is reported to the Association on the Herd Inventory and Application for Registration (CAAFORM11). Calving season: a block of time during the year in which calving takes place. The Canadian Angus Association splits herds into two seasons, spring and fall. Cows calving between January and May are typically



Glossary

2

considered to be part of the spring calving season and cows calving between June and December are fall. Canadian Cattle Identification Agency (CCIA): an industry-run organization responsible for identification and age verification of cattle under the federal Health of Animals Act in Canada, excluding Quebec Carrier: an animal that has a particular allele for the gene being referenced; typically the allele is recessive Clone: an animal that is a genetic replica of another Conformation: the shape and arrangement of the different body parts of an animal Congenital: a genetic or birth defect or condition Contemporary group: a grouping of animals that can fairly be compared to each other for evaluation; the Association generates contemporary groups based on management group, sex, age of dam, calving season, number in birth and nurse code Continental breed: a breed of cattle originating from Europe; otherwise referred to as an exotic breed Crossbred: an animal whose genetic makeup is comprised of two or more distinct breeds Culling: the process of slaughtering less productive or less desirable cattle Dam: the mother of a bovine animal DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid): the most basic level of genetic information DNA parentage testing: a DNA test performed using hair samples that uses parentage markers to match an animal to its genetic sire and/or dam Dominant gene/allele: the allele or version of the gene that is expressed regardless of the nature of the second allele Donor dam: the biological mother of a calf produced by embryo transfer Embryo transfer: the process of removing fertilized ova (embryos) from a donor dam and implanting them into a recipient dam to carry the calf to term Expected Progeny Difference (EPD): the measure of an animal’s breeding value. EPDs indicate the average performance expected from an animal’s progeny in comparison to another animal or to the breed average. Fitting: the preparation of livestock for a show, both in conditioning and the outer appearance of the animal including the clipping and dressing of the hair Frame: the overall height and size of an animal Frame score: a numeric value related to the height and size of an animal, calculated using Beef Improvement Federation methodology

Glossary

3

Free-martin: a female calf that is born as a twin to a male and that is sterile as a result of exposure to masculinizing hormones produced by the male while in the uterus. Not all female twins are free-martins; a test can be performed to determine if the female is fertile. Futurity: show class or classes in which owners nominate their animals before the competition and usually includes higher fees. The proceeds are pooled and given to the top placing animals. Gene: a section of DNA that codes for a particular amino acid, and ultimately, physical trait Genetic condition: an abnormality that is caused by a specific allele; in Angus these are usually the recessive allele for a gene Genetic correlation: the amount of common genes that contribute toward two traits; the higher the correlation, the more genes in common the two traits have Genotype: the allele of an animal at a particular gene, or the animal’s genetic fingerprint as a whole Gestation: the time from conception to birth, also referred to as pregnancy. An Angus female has an average gestation length of 282 days. Heifer: a female bovine that has not yet given birth Herdbook: the official record of all Angus animals in Canada maintained by staff at the Canadian Angus Association office Herd name: a name chosen by the member and registered on the Association records, to be used when naming Angus animals to identify the owner of the animal at birth Heritability: the proportion of a trait that is influenced by genes rather than by environmental factors. Traits that are controlled to a large degree by genetics, such as birth weight, scrotal circumference and carcass weight have high measures of heritability. Heterozygous: an animal that has two different alleles for a specific gene Hip height: a measurement taken by recording the height of an animal at its hip bones, recorded in inches and reported to the Canadian Angus Association on the yearling weight worksheet Homozygous: an animal that has only one allele for a specific gene Index: an in-herd evaluation for specific traits where the group average is 100 and animals are ranked accordingly Interim EPD: an EPD that is generated utilizing Parental EPD information and the animal’s own performance data in comparison to its contemporaries. This EPD is more accurate than a Parental Average EPD but not as reliable as a National EPD. Lease: an official agreement between a lessor (owner of an animal on record) and a lessee (the person leasing the animal), whereby the lessee will be considered the owner of the progeny of leased females for the term of the lease

Glossary

4

Management group: a grouping of animals that have been raised in the same manner and been given the same opportunity to develop a specific trait. For example, for weaning weight, calves that have been creep fed should be placed in a different management group than those which were not creep fed. Management groups must be assigned a number between 1 and 99. Marbling: the distribution of intramuscular fat in muscle tissue; evaluated for recording between the 12th and 13th ribs Member: an individual, partnership or corporation who has paid their yearly membership dues in the current year to the Canadian Angus Association. Membership name: the individual, partnership or corporation a Canadian Angus Association account is listed under Microsatellite (DNA): a repeated length of DNA that is inherited National Cattle Evaluation (NCE): a genetic evaluation based on Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (BLUP) methodology, designed to estimate the portion of variation in animals’ performance that is due to genetic merit as opposed to environmental factors. Genetic evaluations are used to calculate breeding values or Expected Progeny Differences (EPDs) to use as selection tools. Open: female which has not been served or which has been served but declared not in calf Owner: the individual, partnership or corporation in whose name an animal is registered Parentage verified: the process of using DNA parentage testing to confirm an animal’s genetic sire and/or dam Parental Average EPD: a simplistic EPD calculated by averaging the EPDs of a calf’s dam and sire. This EPD is a good starting point to evaluate genetic merit for calves but is the least accurate. Pedigree: the record of ancestry for a registered animal verified by the Canadian Angus Association Pedigree extract: a service offered by the Association to extract pedigree and performance data on a set of animals for the preparation of a member’s sale catalogue Performance data: measurements of specific economically relevant traits such as birth weight, weaning weight, yearling weight and ultrasound data Phenotype: the physical manifestation of an animal’s genetics and environment Polled: an animal with no horns. Angus cattle inherit the dominant polled allele for the horned gene and are distinctively polled. Premier breeder: an award presented at shows to a herd that has bred the highest placing animals at the show. Points are awarded in each class to the entries and calculated at the end of the show to determine the recipient

Glossary

5

Premier exhibitor: an award presented at shows to the exhibitor who is most successful in the show. Points are awarded in each class for the placing and calculated at the end of the show to determine the recipient. Progeny: the offspring of an animal or a pairing of animals Purebred: a purebred Angus is one that is registered and has a known pedigree verified on a registration form issued by the Canadian Angus Association Ratio: an in-herd evaluation method whereby animals are compared to the group average of 100 for a specific trait Recessive gene/allele: the version of the gene or the allele that is not expressed in the presence of the dominant version or gene Recipient dam: a female that has been implanted with embryos from another female Red carrier: a black-hided animal that has inherited the allele that codes for red coat colour but does not display the phenotype as the allele is recessive to the allele that codes for black hide colour Scrotal circumference: the size of a bull’s scrotum, measured around the largest part of the scrotum and reported to the Association on the yearling weight worksheets Scur: any cartilaginous or horny growth which may develop from natural causes through the skin or on the surface of the skin on that part of the head where horns grow on horned cattle Showmanship: the manner in which livestock are presented and exhibited while in a show ring or in front of a judge Sire: the father of a bovine animal Steer: a bull that has been castrated Stillborn: a calf carried to full term but born dead Trait leader: an animal that has been recognized as a herd leader for breeding value for a specific trait Ultrasound scanning: the process by which carcass traits such as rib eye area, marbling and back fat are measured Weaning weight: an actual weight taken within a week of weaning. The acceptable age range for Red Angus animals is between 130–280 days of age and for Black Angus animals is 120–280 days. Weaning weights are reported to the Association on weaning weight worksheets and are required for Canadian Angus Performance Program herds. Yearling: generally refers to an animal between one and two years of age Yearling weight: an actual weight measured when an Angus animal is between 290–440 days of age. It is reported to the Association on a yearling weight worksheet.

Index 1

Index 205-day (weaning) weight..................................................................................Breed Development- 7, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 16 365-day (yearling) weight...........................................................................................Breed Development-7, 9, 11, 17, 18, 19 Adjustment factors.....................................................................................................................................Breed Development-9, 18 Age verification......................................................................................................................................................................Marketing-4; Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed-2, 4 Agri-Traςabilité Québec....................................................................................................Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed-2 Angus Marketplace..........................................................................................................................................................Introduction-1; Marketing 1, 5 Animal Pedigree Act.........................................................................................................................................Introduction-6, 11, 21; Registry Information-1, 21, 23;

Marketing-2 Artificial insemination (AI)........................................................................................................................................Introduction-18;

Registry Information-9, 10, 12, 19, 24; Breed Development-23, 24; Marketing-2

Bill of Sale..................................................................................................................................................................Introduction-24, 27; Registry Information-1, 21

Birth management group..........................................................................................................................Registry Information-18; Breed Development-12

Birth weight......................................................................................................................................Registry Information-10, 17,18; Breed Development-5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12 Board of Directors..............................................................Introduction-1, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 20, 21;

Registry Information-19 Bylaws............................................................................................................................................................Introduction-6–16, 18, 22; Registry Information-4, 7, 12, 14, 21 Canadian Angus Foundation....................................................................................................................................Introduction-3, 5 Canadian Angus Performance Program........................................................................................................Introduction-1, 2, 5;

Registry Information-8, 9, 18; Breed Development-4-6, 11, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 25; Marketing-4

Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed Program.................................................................................................Introduction-1, 5; Registry Information-1;

Marketing-3, 4; Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed-1–4

Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed Tag Program.................................................................................Introduction-2, 5, 25; Registry Information-2;

Marketing-3, 4; Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed-1–4

Canadian Cattle Identification Agency.........................................................................................................................Marketing-3; Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed-1, 2, 3 Canadian Junior Angus Association......................................................................................................................Introduction-3, 5 Centralized Ultrasound Processing.................................................................................................Breed Development-21, 22; Marketing-4 Cloned animals................................................................................................................................................................Introduction-17;

Registry Information-19 Contemporary group..............................................................................Breed Development-4, 5, 8, 9, 10, 11, 15, 18, 19, 20

Index

2

DNA parentage testing/verification......................................................................................................................Introduction-18; Registry Information-7, 12, 13, 14, 17, 19, 20, 23, 24, 25;

Breed Development-3 Electronic storage (e-storage)..................................................................................................................Registry Information-11 Elite programs..................................................................................................................................................Breed Development-25;

Marketing-5 Embryo transfer/transplant...............................................................................................................Introduction-17, 18, 19, 26;

Registry Information-9, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19; Breed Development-12;

Marketing-2 Expected Progeny Differences (EPDs)................................................................................................................Introduction-1, 5;

Registry Information-2, 22, 23; Breed Development-4-11, 14, 16,17, 18, 21, 22, 23, 24;

Marketing-2, 3, 4 Free-martin...............................................................................................................................................Registry Information-24, 25 Genetic defects....................................................................................................................................................Introduction-5, 24, 25;

Registry Information-2; Breed Development-1, 2, 3;

Marketing-3, 4 Gold Show....................................................................................................................................................................Introduction-1, 4, 5 Herdbook....................................................................................................................Introduction-3, 5, 11, 12, 16, 17, 18, 19, 21;

Registry Information-8, 12, 13, 14, 18, 19, 20; Breed Development-3, 9

Herd name....................................................................................................................................................................Introduction-5, 17; Registry Information-2, 6, 7

Honorary President..........................................................................................................................................................Introduction-7 Imported (foreign) animals...............................................................................................................................Introduction-16, 18;

Registry Information-2, 7, 13, 14, 19, 20 Interim EPD...................................................................................................................................................Breed Development-5, 17 Juniors......................................................................................................................................................................Introduction-1, 3, 5, 6 Leasing......................................................................................................................Introduction-19; Registry Information-7, 22; Linked herds.......................................................................................................................................................Breed Development-11 Management group....................................................................................................Breed Development-11, 12, 13, 18, 22, 24 National Cattle Evaluation (genetic evaluation).................................................................................................Introduction-5;

Registry Information-8; Breed Development-4, 5, 6, 16, 22

Parental average..........................................................................................................................................Breed Development-5, 17 Partnership................................................................................................................................Introduction-1, 2, 6, 7, 8, 16, 17, 24;

Registry Information-13, 14, 20, 21 Pedigree............................................................................................Introduction-5, 6, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 21, 22, 23;

Registry Information-1, 5, 7, 20, 21, 23, 24, 25; Breed Development-1, 2, 3, 4, 5;

Marketing-2, 3, 4, 5 Pedigree extract................................................................................................................................................................Introduction-1;

Marketing-4, 5 Registration certificate/paper.......................................................................................Introduction-2, 12, 13, 17, 22, 23, 24;

Registry Information-1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13, 17, 18, 20, 21; Breed Development-1, 15, 19;

Marketing-2, 3; Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed-3, 4

Index

3

Scrotal circumference..................................................................................................................................................Introduction-25; Breed Development-8, 18

Signing authority..............................................................................................................................................................Introduction-1; Registry Information-13, 14, 20, 21, 22

Spot tests...........................................................................................................................................................Registry Information-24 Tattoo..............................................................................................................................................................Introduction-5, 16, 24, 27;

Registry Information-2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 10, 14, 17, 23, 25, 26; Marketing-4, 5

Tattoo letters..............................................................................................................................................................Introduction-2, 16; Registry Information-2, 6, 7, 10, 13, 17, 22

Transfer of ownership.............................................................Introduction-2, 6, 11, 12, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 22, 24, 26, 27; Registry Information-1, 3, 7, 9, 12, 13, 14, 20, 21, 22;

Breed Development-12, 15, 18, 25; Canadian Angus Rancher Endorsed-2

Twin.............................................................................................................................................Registry Information-10, 11, 17, 25; Breed Development-12

Ultrasound.................................................................................................................................Breed Development-4, 8, 21, 22, 23; Marketing-4

Weaning (205-day) weight...............................Breed Development-4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 25 Yearling (365-day) weight...................................................................Breed Development-4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 17, 18, 19, 20

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