copyright © 2008 by nelson education ltd.1 chapter nine culture: 1867-1914

Copyright Copyright © 2008 by Nelson Education Ltd.© 2008 by Nelson Education Ltd. 11

Chapter NineChapter Nine

Culture: 1867-Culture: 1867-19141914


Meeting of the Philharmonic

Society, Hamilton 1877

Canadian Illustrated News (Montreal), December 22, 1877. {Try the Library and Archives Canada, the drawing shows a conductor conducting an orchestra)


Canada’s Grand Diva—its opera superstar,

Marie Lajeunesse, better known by her stage name, Emma

Albani

William Hicock Low, Marie-Emma Lajeunesse, Dit Madame Albani, oil on canvas, 226.4 x 126.2 cm, Musée national des beaux-arts du Québec, 49.83, Patrick Altman, photographer.


Calixa Lavallée, the composer of “O Canada.”

Ironically, Canada’s national anthem since

1980 was originally composed in 1880 for St.

Jean Baptiste Day, now recognized as Quebec’s

national holiday.

Heritage Canada 5(2) (May 1979): 13.


Lucius R. O’Brien, Sunrise on the Saguenay, 1880.

This painting, first exhibited at the opening

of the Royal Canadian Academy of the Arts in

1880, won O’Brien much praise and

recognition. Sunrise is traditionally considered

to have been the first work entered into the

collection of the National Gallery of

Canada.

National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa. Royal Canadian Academy of Arts diploma work, deposited by the artist, Toronto, 1880.


Many art galleries in the late nineteenth century

had to rely on a coal stove for “climate control.”

William James Topley/National Archives of Canada/PA-136767.


Philippe Hébert, one of Canada’s best known

monumental sculptors, loved the history of New France. He appears here

in his Montreal studio with a plaster model (on the left of the photo), of

his famous “Sans Merci”: a depiction of

the struggle of an early French settler with a

reaping hook in his hand against a First

Nations warrior.

Musée du Québec, H-21-H-17.


Two of the "Confederation Poets"

were cousins, Bliss Carmen (left)and

Charles G.D. Robert (right).

Provincial Archives of New Brunswick/P37-402.


Pauline Johnson was one of Canada’s

greatest performers in the late nineteenth and

early twentieth centuries. She travelled

across the Dominion many times on tour.

When one old dowager asked the Mohawk poet if her father really was an Indian, she replied,

“Was your father really a white man?”

National Archives of Canada/C-85125.


Émile Nelligan (1879–1941),

the legendary Quebec poet and member of the

École littéraire de Montréal. The intense

young man already was confined to a mental

asylum at the time this photo was taken in

1904.

National Archives of Canada/C-88566.


Father Chiniquy alleged in this major work that the confessions

of female parishioners caused some

Roman Catholic priests to end their

vows of celibacy. This certainly had been his own experience

and led to his excommunication. The Protestants embraced him when

he began his furious campaign against

the “Church of Rome.” He made few converts in French Canada.


The Sherman Grand Theatre opened in

Calgary, in February 1912, at the height of

the city’s pre-World War I economic boom.

From 1901 to 1911 the city’s population

grew from 4000 to 44 000. The Grand, with a “stage one foot larger than that of the Royal

Alexandra in Toronto,” served as Calgary’s

centre for the performing arts for over a generation..

Illustration from The Western Standard, June 12, 1913. Glenbow Library.


An appreciative audience watching a

movie at the Innisfail Opera House,

Innisfail, Alberta, 1910.

Glenbow Archives, Calgary, Canada/NA-1709-23.


Mary Pickford (1893-1979) the Canadian-born golden haired girl became the most

popular movie actress of her time, “America’s

sweetheart.”Alfred Cheney Johnston, the

official photographer of the Ziegfeld Follies

took this photo in 1920.

Library and Archives Canada/PA-185967


Women’s Field Hockey Team.

Photographed by Walter Gage,

between 1900-1910, Courtney

and District Museum and

Archives/ P315-1747.

Courtenay and District Museum and Archives, 360 Cliffe Avenue, Courteney, B.C. V9N 2H9 Telephone (604) 334-3611


Smirle Lawson of The Varsity

Blues’s hurdles the McGill defence in

October 1909. Later that fall the

University of Toronto went on

to defeat Toronto Parkdale to win

the first Grey Cup.

Canadian Football Hall of Fame and Museum.


Choosing sides, boys before a hockey game,

Sarnia, Ontario, December 29,

1908.

Photo by John Boyd. Library and Archives Canada/ PA-60732.


Ottawa’s “Silver Seven,” winners of the Stanley

Cup in 1905.

National Archives of Canada/PA-91046.


Residents of Nelson, British Columbia,

celebrated Dominion Day in 1898 with a

horse race down the town’s main street.

British Columbia Archives/HP-6225.


Methodist Ladies’ Aid Society, Metcalfe,

Ontario, around 1900.

Library and Archives Canada/PA 103926.


After Sir John A. Macdonald gave his

speech to the Council on the value of

becoming citizens, it was translated into Mohawk. A council

speaker then replied that they need not become Canadian

citizens because they already constituted a sovereign nation with

their own political institutions.

Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development Collection/National Archives of Canada/C-33643.


“Our people are at peace.” The Wendake Huron chief Ovide

Sioui, at left, accepts the pipe from Six Nations (Iroquois

chief) Andrew Staats, in centre. In early August 1921 the Hurons and the Iroquois

made peace at the tercentenary commemoration

of Champlain’s landing at Penetanguishene, on the Georgian Bay in Ontario.

Toronto Reference Library/ T 33409

copyright © 2008 by nelson education ltd.1 chapter nine culture: 1867-1914

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