copyright © 2008 by nelson, a division of thomson canada limited.13–1 part 5: employee relations...

Copyright © 2008 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited. 13–1

Part 5: Employee RelationsPart 5: Employee RelationsPart 5: Employee RelationsPart 5: Employee Relations

Chapter 13: Health, Safety, and Security

Prepared by Linda Eligh, University of Western Ontario


Learning ObjectivesLearning ObjectivesLearning ObjectivesLearning Objectives

After you have read this chapter, you should be able to:1. Define health, safety, and security and the young

workers program.2. Identify the basic provisions of occupational health and

safety legislation, recordkeeping, and inspection requirements.

3. Discuss the issues surrounding hazard control including WHMIS and ergonomics.

4. Explain workplace violence as a security issue and describe some components of an effective security program.

5. Discuss the activities that constitute effective safety management.


Learning ObjectivesLearning ObjectivesLearning ObjectivesLearning Objectives

6. Describe three workplace health issues and how employers are responding to them.

7. Specify several global health, safety, and security concerns.


Health, Safety, and SecurityHealth, Safety, and SecurityHealth, Safety, and SecurityHealth, Safety, and Security

• HealthA general state of physical, mental, and emotional

well-being.

• SafetyA condition in which the physical well-being of people

is protected.

• SecurityThe protection of employees and organizational

facilities.


Typical Division of HR Responsibilities:Typical Division of HR Responsibilities:Health, Safety, and Security Health, Safety, and Security Fig. 13-1Fig. 13-1

Typical Division of HR Responsibilities:Typical Division of HR Responsibilities:Health, Safety, and Security Health, Safety, and Security Fig. 13-1Fig. 13-1


Occupational Safety and Health LegislationOccupational Safety and Health LegislationOccupational Safety and Health LegislationOccupational Safety and Health Legislation

• Occupational Safety and Health ActsAll employees have three fundamental rights

Right to know Right to participate Right to refuse work

• Duty of Employers, Owners and ContractorsDue diligence: Employers shall take all reasonable

precautions under the particular circumstances to prevent injuries or accidents in the workplace.


Occupational Health and Safety LegislationOccupational Health and Safety LegislationOccupational Health and Safety LegislationOccupational Health and Safety Legislation

• Duties of SupervisorsAdvising workers of possible hazardsProviding training and written instructionEnsuring worker compliance with OH&S Act and use

or wearing of safety equipment, devices or clothing Imposing discipline for continuous safety infractions

when necessary

• Duties of WorkersCompliance with the OH&S Act and regulations. Use

safety equipment and clothes properly, follow all safety procedures, report hazards and accidents, etc.


Occupational Health and Safety LegislationOccupational Health and Safety LegislationOccupational Health and Safety LegislationOccupational Health and Safety Legislation

• Duties of Joint Health and Safety CommitteeRequired in nine jurisdictions in CanadaRole is to provide a neutral environment where labour

and management can work together to create a safe and healthy workplace

Require equal employee/employer representationRequired to meet regularly to deal with worker health

and safety concerns, identify risks, perform routine workplace inspections and resolve work refusals


Proportion of all Occupational Injuries by Province, Territory Proportion of all Occupational Injuries by Province, Territory 20002000 Fig. 13-4Fig. 13-4

Proportion of all Occupational Injuries by Province, Territory Proportion of all Occupational Injuries by Province, Territory 20002000 Fig. 13-4Fig. 13-4


Compensation Rates and Methods

Compensation Rates and Methods

Social GoalsSocial GoalsFirst Aid Requirements

AndReporting to WCB

First Aid Requirements And

Reporting to WCB

Controlling CostsControlling Costs

Workers’ Workers’ CompensationCompensation

Workers’ Workers’ CompensationCompensation

Workers’ CompensationWorkers’ CompensationWorkers’ CompensationWorkers’ Compensation


Proportion of Fatal Injuries by Industry Sectors Under Proportion of Fatal Injuries by Industry Sectors Under Federal Jurisdiction in Canada from 1998 to 2002Federal Jurisdiction in Canada from 1998 to 2002 Fig. 13-5Fig. 13-5

Proportion of Fatal Injuries by Industry Sectors Under Proportion of Fatal Injuries by Industry Sectors Under Federal Jurisdiction in Canada from 1998 to 2002Federal Jurisdiction in Canada from 1998 to 2002 Fig. 13-5Fig. 13-5


Occupational Health and Safety Legislation Occupational Health and Safety Legislation Occupational Health and Safety Legislation Occupational Health and Safety Legislation

• Workplace Inspections No warrant/notice required Thorough examination of the physical condition of the workplace

by the inspector, usually accompanied by both employer and worker representatives

• Child Labour and Health and Safety Concern for health and safety of young workers is real

• Penalties for Violation of OH&S Law Federally, person fines range between $100,000 to $1,000,000

and/or two years’ jail term on indictment Corporation fine > $500,000 Bill C-45 will increase incidents of jail time


Hazard ControlHazard ControlHazard ControlHazard Control

• Safety HazardsAny force strong enough to cause injury in an

accident. An injury caused by a safety hazard is usually obvious.

• Occupational Health Hazard Any material or condition that may cause occupational

injuries and/or illness. Includes chemicals (addressed by WHMIS training), physical agents, ergonomic hazards, and other stress agents.


Occupational Health HazardsOccupational Health HazardsOccupational Health HazardsOccupational Health Hazards

Eliminate hazards

Control the hazard

Protect workers from the hazard


Workplace Hazardous Materials Information Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (WHMIS)System (WHMIS)

Workplace Hazardous Materials Information Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (WHMIS)System (WHMIS)

LABELS

MATERIAL AFETY DATA SHEETS (MSDS)

TRAINING


Hazard ControlHazard ControlHazard ControlHazard Control

Lockout/tagoutLockout/tagoutLockout/tagoutLockout/tagout

Personal Protective Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)Equipment (PPE)

Personal Protective Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)Equipment (PPE)

ErgonomicsErgonomicsErgonomicsErgonomics

Requirement that locks and tags be used to Requirement that locks and tags be used to make equipment inoperative for repair or make equipment inoperative for repair or adjustment.adjustment.

Requirement that locks and tags be used to Requirement that locks and tags be used to make equipment inoperative for repair or make equipment inoperative for repair or adjustment.adjustment.

Study and design of the work environment Study and design of the work environment to address physiological and physical to address physiological and physical demands on individuals.demands on individuals.

Study and design of the work environment Study and design of the work environment to address physiological and physical to address physiological and physical demands on individuals.demands on individuals.

Clothing or equipment worn to minimize a Clothing or equipment worn to minimize a hazard.hazard.

Clothing or equipment worn to minimize a Clothing or equipment worn to minimize a hazard.hazard.

Cumulative Stress Cumulative Stress Disorders (CTDs)Disorders (CTDs)

Cumulative Stress Cumulative Stress Disorders (CTDs)Disorders (CTDs)

Protection from muscle and skeletal Protection from muscle and skeletal injuries from repetitive tasks.injuries from repetitive tasks.

Protection from muscle and skeletal Protection from muscle and skeletal injuries from repetitive tasks.injuries from repetitive tasks.


Workstation Design Workstation Design Fig. 13-7Fig. 13-7Workstation Design Workstation Design Fig. 13-7Fig. 13-7

Source: Information on this page was compiled by the DEA651 class of 2000 – Bethany Johnson; Emily Kuperstein; Mari Mitchell; Heidi Tinnes; with Garrick Goh (TA)and Professor Alan Hedge, Cornell University Ergonomics Website, November 2, 2002. Reprinted by permission.


SecuritySecuritySecuritySecurity

• Top Security Concerns at Work:

Workplace violence

Internet/intranet security

Business interruption/disaster recovery

Fraud/white collar crime

Employee selection/screening concerns


Security Concerns at WorkSecurity Concerns at WorkSecurity Concerns at WorkSecurity Concerns at Work

DomesticDomesticCausesCauses

DomesticDomesticCausesCauses

Management Management ResponsesResponses

Management Management ResponsesResponses

WorkplaceWorkplaceViolenceViolenceIssuesIssues

WorkplaceWorkplaceViolenceViolenceIssuesIssues

Training in Detection Training in Detection and Preventionand Prevention

Training in Detection Training in Detection and Preventionand Prevention


Profile of a Potentially Violent Employee Profile of a Potentially Violent Employee Fig. 13-8Fig. 13-8Profile of a Potentially Violent Employee Profile of a Potentially Violent Employee Fig. 13-8Fig. 13-8


Security ManagementSecurity ManagementSecurity ManagementSecurity Management

SecuritySecurityAuditAudit

SecuritySecurityAuditAudit

Controlled Controlled Access Access

Controlled Controlled Access Access

ComputerComputerSecuritySecurity

ComputerComputerSecuritySecurity

WorkplaceWorkplaceSecuritySecurity

WorkplaceWorkplaceSecuritySecurity


Safety ManagementSafety ManagementSafety ManagementSafety Management

Inspection, Investigation and

Evaluation

Inspection, Investigation and

Evaluation

Safety Policies, Discipline,

Record Keeping

Safety Policies, Discipline,

Record Keeping

Participation (Safety

Committees)

Participation (Safety

Committees)

Trainingand

Communication

Trainingand

Communication

OrganizationalOrganizationalCommitment and Commitment and a Safety Culturea Safety Culture

OrganizationalOrganizationalCommitment and Commitment and a Safety Culturea Safety Culture


Approaches to Effective Safety Management Fig. 13-9Approaches to Effective Safety Management Fig. 13-9


Phases of Accident Investigation Phases of Accident Investigation Fig. 13-10Fig. 13-10Phases of Accident Investigation Phases of Accident Investigation Fig. 13-10Fig. 13-10


Employee Health and WellnessEmployee Health and WellnessEmployee Health and WellnessEmployee Health and Wellness

StressStressStressStress

Emotional/Emotional/Mental HealthMental Health

Emotional/Emotional/Mental HealthMental Health

Job StressorsJob StressorsJob StressorsJob Stressors

Reactions to Reactions to StressStress

Reactions to Reactions to StressStress

WorkplaceWorkplaceHealth Health IssuesIssues

WorkplaceWorkplaceHealth Health IssuesIssues


Selye’s General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) Selye’s General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) Fig. 13-12Fig. 13-12Selye’s General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) Selye’s General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) Fig. 13-12Fig. 13-12

Source: Adapted from Hans Selye, The Stress of Life, McGraw-Hill, 1976. Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Reprinted by permission.


Substance AbuseSubstance AbuseSubstance AbuseSubstance Abuse

• Substance abuseUse of illicit substances or misuse of controlled

substances, alcohol, or other drugs

• Substance Abuse, Testing and Legislation “strong reasonable cause” safety sensitive positions “accommodate the needs”


Common Signs of Substance Abuse Common Signs of Substance Abuse Fig. 13-14Fig. 13-14Common Signs of Substance Abuse Common Signs of Substance Abuse Fig. 13-14Fig. 13-14


Direct and Indirect Costs as a Result of Stress Direct and Indirect Costs as a Result of Stress Fig. 13-15Fig. 13-15Direct and Indirect Costs as a Result of Stress Direct and Indirect Costs as a Result of Stress Fig. 13-15Fig. 13-15



• Stress ManagementEncompasses techniques to equip a person with

effective coping mechanisms for dealing with psychological stress.

• Workplace Air Quality “Sealed” buildings, reduced airflow, inadequate

ventilation, airborne contamination, presence of chemicals and substances.



• Health PromotionA supportive approach of facilitating and encouraging

healthy actions and lifestyles among employees.

• Wellness ProgramsPrograms designed to maintain or improve employee

health before problems arise.

• Employee Assistance Program (EAP)Program that provides counseling and other help to

employees having emotional, physical, or other personal problems.


Health Promotion Levels Health Promotion Levels Fig. 13-16Fig. 13-16Health Promotion Levels Health Promotion Levels Fig. 13-16Fig. 13-16


Global Health, Safety, and SecurityGlobal Health, Safety, and SecurityGlobal Health, Safety, and SecurityGlobal Health, Safety, and Security

Kidnapping and Ransom Kidnapping and Ransom InsuranceInsurance

Kidnapping and Ransom Kidnapping and Ransom InsuranceInsurance

International Emergency International Emergency Health ServicesHealth Services

International Emergency International Emergency Health ServicesHealth Services

International Security International Security and Terrorismand Terrorism

International Security International Security and Terrorismand Terrorism

Employer Employer ConcernsConcerns

Employer Employer ConcernsConcerns

PandemicsPandemicsPandemicsPandemics

copyright © 2008 by nelson, a division of thomson canada limited.13–1 part 5: employee relations...

Documents

security health

safety concerns

safety equipment

safety committee

safety procedures

worker health

global health

effective safety management