copyright © 2007 pearson education canada11-1 contraception and abortion chapter 11 this multimedia...

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada 11-1

Contraception and Abortion

Chapter 11

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Historical Perspectives on Contraception History of Birth control in Canada

Canadian Birth Control League 1969 contraception became legal Artificial contraception

Method of contraception that applies a human-made device


Methods of Contraception

Oral contraceptives (“the Pill”) Consists of sex hormones and taken by

mouth Combination pill

Contains synthetic estrogen and progesteron

(continued)



Oral contraceptives (continued) Minipill

Contains synthetic estrogen How they work Effectiveness of birth-control pills

(continued)



Oral contraceptives (continued) Reversibility Advantages and disadvantages

Emergency contraception “morning-after” pills Plan B



Intrauterine devices (IUDs) Small object that is inserted into the uterus

and left in place to prevent contraception How they work Effectiveness Reversibility

(continued)



Intrauterine devices (continued) Advantages and disadvantages

Diaphragm shallow rubber cup or dome that is coated

with spermicide and inserted prior to coitus How it works

(continued)



Diaphragm (continued) How it is used Effectiveness Advantages and disadvantages



Spermicides How they are used How they work Effectiveness Advantages and disadvantages



Male Condom Prophylactic

Agent that protects against disease How they work How they are used

(continued)



Male Condom (continued) Using a condom effectively Attitudes toward suggesting a condom Effectiveness Advantages and disadvantages



Withdrawal (coitus interruptus) Man removes the penis from the vagina

before ejaculating



Fertility awareness methods (rhythm methods) How they work Calendar method

Prediction of ovulation by tracking menstrual cycles

(continued)


Methods of Contraception Fertility awareness methods (continued)

Basal body temperature (BBT) method Prediction of ovulation by tracking woman’s

temperature Cervical mucus (ovulation) method

Prediction of ovulation by tracking viscosity of the cervical mucus

(continued)



Fertility awareness methods (continued) Ovulation-prediction kits Effectiveness Advantages and disadvantages


Sterilization

Male sterilization Vasectomy

Surgically cutting each vas deferens and tying it back or cauterizing it

Vasovasotomy Reversing vasectomy


Sterilization

Female sterilization Tubal sterilization (tubal ligation)

Fallopian tubes are surgically blocked Minilaparotomy

Small incision in the abdomen

(continued)


Sterilization

Female sterilization (continued) Laparoscopy

Laparoscope is inserted below the navel “belly-button surgery”

Culpotomy Incision in the back wall of the vagina

(continued)


Sterilization

Female sterilization (continued) Hysterectomy

Surgical removal of the uterus Advantages and disadvantages of

sterilization


Other Methods of Contraception Norplant

Tubes implanted in the body Depo-provera

Injection once every three months Cervical cap

Dome-shaped rubber cup

(continued)


Other Methods of Contraception (continued) Female condom

Polyurethane sheath that lines the vagina Skin patch

Worn three weeks each month Vaginal ring

Worn in the vagina for three months

(continued)


Other Methods of Contraception (continued) Contraceptive sponge

Provides a barrier that holds a spermicide Douching

To rinse or wash the vaginal canal


Selecting a Method of Contraception Convenience Moral acceptability Cost Sharing responsibility Safety

(continued)


Selecting a Method of Contraception (continued) Reversibility Protection against sexually transmitted

infections (STIs) Effectiveness


The Search Goes On

Male pill may be available within the next few years


Abortion

Induced abortion Purposeful termination of a pregnancy

before the embryo or fetus is capable of sustaining independent life


Abortion

Historical and legal perspectives on abortion

Attitudes toward legalized abortion


Methods of Abortion

Vacuum aspiration Removal of the uterine contents via suction Used early in the pregnancy

Dilation and curettage (D & C) Cervix is dilated Uterine contents gently scraped away

(continued)


Methods of Abortion (continued) Dilation and Evacuation (D & E)

Cervix is dilated prior to vacuum aspiration Uterine contents are removed with forcepts

Inducing labor by intra-amniotic infusion Substance is injected into amniotic sac

(continued)


Methods of Abortion (continued) Hysterotomy

Fetus is removed by cesarean section Abortion drugs

RU-486 (Not yet approved for sale in Canada)

Psychological consequences of abortion


End of Chapter 11

copyright © 2007 pearson education canada11-1 contraception and abortion chapter 11 this multimedia...

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