copy of y bf imp new1

8/6/2019 Copy of Y BF IMP New1

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WHYBREASTFEEDINGIS

IMPORTANT

JosephineMaryViolet

., . , . ,


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1.

state

the

advantages

of

breastfeeding2.thedangersofartificialfeeding

3.PropertiesofBreastMilk

4.BenefitsofBreastfeeding

5.HarmfulEffectsofFormulaMilk


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6.WhySomeMothersChooseFormula6.WhySomeMothersChooseFormula

Vs.BreastMilkVs.BreastMilk

7.7.maindifferencesbetweenbreastmilk

andartificialmilks

8.8.definethetermsusedto

describeinfantfeeding;

9.describepresentlyrecommendedinfantfeedingpractices.


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SavesresourcesSavesresources

No

refrigerationNo

refrigeration omanu ac ur ngomanu ac ur ng

Nobottles,cansNobottles,cans

NotruckingNotruckingNohandlingNohandling


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SmarterSmarter

HealthierHealthier

Lesscosttohealthcares stemLesscosttohealthcares stem

StrongerfamiliesStrongerfamilies


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Lesstripsto

c ,

LessprescriptionsLessstress

Lessillness

Morebonding


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Benefitstomother:

Psychological(Attachment,bonding,security,skintoskin,fulfillmentofbasicneeds,relationship)

Easierweightloss

Decreasedriskofillness(breastcancer,, ,

Birthcontrol

,

,


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Benefitstobaby:Benefitstobaby:

BetterdentalhealthBetterdentalhealth

Decreased

duration

and

Decreased

duration

and

LessallergiesLessallergies

Betterhealth&lessriskBetterhealth&lessrisk

ofillnessesofillnesses


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Helpsbondingand

development

Perfectnutrients

Helpsdelayanew

pregnancy

efficientlyused

Protectsagainst Protectsmothers

healthinfection

Costs esst anart c a ee ng


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PhysicalPropertiesofmilk

Ithasa whiteappearanceduetothe

resenceoftheemulsifiedli ids, artl to

thepresenceofthecalciumsaltofcasein.

ThepHofmilkis6.66.8.

Volume;Attheheightoflactation,the

humanbreastscanproduceupto1.5litersof

milk(about50fluidounces).


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TypesofBreastMilkTherearebroadlythreetypesof breastmilk:

1 Colostrum; afterbirth lastsforseveralday. .

Itis highinproteinespeciallyantibodies(thatprovideprotectiontothenewbornagainstinfection),vitamines(especiallyfatsolublevitamines),minerals butverylowinfatcomparedtomaturebreastmilk.

2 Transitionalmilk; It occursaftercolostrum stageandlastsforapproximatelytwoweeksuntilitis

replacedbymaturemilk.

Thetransitionalmilkcontainshighlevelsoffat,lactose,andvitaminstohelpthebabyregainanyweightlostafterbirth.

Itcontainsmorefatandlactosethancolostrum andhaswatersolublevitamins.

lactation.

Ninetypercentiswater,whichisnecessarytomaintainhydrationoftheinfant.Theother10%ismadeupofcarbohydrates,proteins,andfats,whicharenecessaryforbothgrow an energy.

Therearetwotypesofmaturemilk:foremilkandhindmilk.


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TypesofMatureBreastMilk

Duringeachbreastfeedingsession,thebabyshouldreceivetwotypesofmaturemilk,theorem an e n m oensure a e

babyisreceivingadequatenutritiontogrow.

Theforemilk(themilk"infront");isproducedat.

water,vitamins,andprotein.

,

,richerinlipidandCHO.


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BreastMilkat3,7,25and84days

T eamounto a o t esesu stances except actose var esw t :t etimeofdayofthebreastmilkproduction,thewomanproducingthe

breastmilk,

betweentheleftandrightbreast,among thebreastlobes,and

whetheritisatthebeginningortheendofthefeeding.


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CompositionofMatureMilk


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Human Cow Goat

a

Protein


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Carboh drates lactose=milksu ar

predominantlyinhumanmilk,7%concentrationprovidesupto40%caloricneeds,essentialfordevelopmentofCNS,enhancescalcium&ironabsorption)

ar o y ra esar o y ra es usus ac or=grow ac orac or=grow ac orpresentonlyinhumanmilkrequiredforpresentonlyinhumanmilkrequiredfor

toinhibitgrowthofbacteria,fungiandtoinhibitgrowthofbacteria,fungiandparasites)parasites)


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DifferencesinthequalityofproteinsinDifferencesinthequalityofproteinsin

ProteinProtein

LactoferinLactoferin =>Isolatesexternaliron=>Isolatesexternaliron

SecretorySecretory IGA=>Mostimportantimmunoglobulin,breastmilk=onlysourceforfirst6IGA=>Mostimportantimmunoglobulin,breastmilk=onlysourceforfirst6

weeksweeks

CowsmilkHumanmilk

Whey

protein

Easytodigest Difficulttodigest


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Proteins inProteins in MatureMature MilkMilk

Proteinsaccountforapproximately75%ofthenitrogencontainingcompoundsinbreastmilk

Casein (2.7%)ofmilk. Itisthemain proteininmaturehumanmilk. Caseinorcurdsareproteinswithlowsolubilityandarenegatively

charged.

It complexes withcalciumthuspromotingitsabsorption.

Theseare resentinbreastmilkinmuchlowerconcentrationthanincow'smilk.

. . wheyproteinsarelocatedintheclearliquidleftbehindwhen

clottedmilkstands.Thelargestcomponentsarealphalactalbumen,lactoferrin,lyzozyme,albumenandimmunoglobulins.


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Protein Composition:Cows Milk vs. Human Milk

Alphaproteinis: Themajorwheyproteininbreastmilk

Suppliesthebuildingblocksforproteinthatsupportbaby'sgrowth

stomachupset

A

rich

source

of

tryptophan,

a

nutrient

im licated in slee re ulation

Associatedwithenhancedmineralabsorption,suchascalciumandzinc

Associatedwiththe rowthoffriendl

bacteriainthegutandmayhelptoprotectagainstinfectionfromharmfulbacteria


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Differencesinthefatsofdifferentmilks.

Humanmilkcontainsessentialfattyacidsthatarenotpresentincow sm or ormu a. eseessen a a yac sarenee e orababy'sgrowingbrainandeyes,andforhealthybloodvessels.

fat.Thisenzymeisnotpresentinanimalmilksorformula. So

the

fat

in

breastmilk is

more

completely

digested

and

more

efficientl used b a bab 's bod than the fat in cow's milk orformula.

Thefaeces ofanartificiallyfedbabyaredifferentfromthoseofabreastfedbaby.Thisispartlybecauseanartificiallyfedbaby's

aeces conta n

more

unuse

oo .


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Fat(4%concentrationprovidesupto50%ofcaloricneeds,cholesterollevelsconstant,lipolytic enzymesaidinfatdigestion)

omegaomega3FattyAcids(DHAand3FattyAcids(DHAandAA)AA)

mportant or ra nan ret na mportant or ra nan ret na developmentdevelopment

HigherIQsHigherIQs


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Vitaminsinmaturemilk Fat soluble vitamin A D E & K

Water soluble vitamins in general are present ,theircontent reflective of the mothers diet .

Low vitamine B12 is seen in women who are

vegetarians, malnourished or have had gastric bypass .

Minerals ; The most important salts are calcium,

so um,potass uman magnes um,ca c umrepresentingthepredominatingmineral.


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VitaminDisafatsolublevitaminnecessar forbone

development.

ThevitaminDcontentofbreastmilk islessthanthatofv am n or e m an v am n or e ormu a.

Abreastfeedingwomanmayproducemilkwithvery

littlemilk(themajordietarysourceofvitaminD),andisnotcontinuingtotakeprenatalvitamins.

InfantswhodonotgetenoughvitaminDintheirdiet.


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Enzymesinmaturemilk

Humanmilk containsvariousenzymes;

Someares ecificforthebios nthesisofmilkinthemammar gland(eg,lactosesynthetase,fattyacidsynthetase,thioesterase),

Othersarespecificforthedigestionofproteins,fats,andcarbohydratesthatfacilitatetheinfant'sabilitytobreakdownfood

amylase)

substances,suchaszinc,selenium,andmagnesium.

Somehaveantimicrobialactivitysuchaslysozyme.


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ron n reastm erentm s Ironisimportanttopreventanaemia.Differentmilks

containsimilarverysmallamountsofiron(5070g/100, . . . . .

cow'smilkisabsorbed,butabout50%oftheironfrom breastmilk isabsorbed.

Iron isnecessaryforhemoglobinformation.Ironinbreastmilkispresentinlowamountsbutthepercentageofironabsorbedisveryhigh.

sourceofironbesidesbreastmilk intheirdietsuchasmeats,ironfortifiedcereals,orgreenvegetables


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Theimmunologiccomponentsofmaturemilk

Whileawaitingendogenousmaturationofthebaby'sownimmunologicsystems,variousimmunologicandbioactivemilkcomponentsactsynergisticallytoprovideapassiveimmunologicsupportsystemfromthemothertoherinfantinthefirstdaystomonthsafterbirth.

Theimmunologiccomponentsinclude;

Immunoglobulins ; Humanmilkcontainsallofthedifferentantibodies(M,A,D,G,E),butsecretory immunoglobulinA(sIgA)isthemostabundant.

lactoferrin,;whichbindstoiron,thusmakingitunavailableto

pathogenicbacteria; lysozyme ,whichenhancessIgA bactericidalactivityagainstgram

negativeorganisms;

Mucins adhere to bacteria and viruses and hel eliminate them

fromthebody.

Leukocytes;withthetransitionfromcolostrum tomaturemilk,the ercenta e of macro ha es increases from 4060% of thecellsto8090% .


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VARIATIONSINTHECOMPOSITIONOFBREASTMILK


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2/7

PropertyProperty ImportanceImportance

Antibodyrich protectsagainstallergy&infection

Purgative clearsmeconium

Growthfactors helpsintestinetomature

reventsaller intolerance

RichinVitaminA reducesseverityofinfection


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CompositionofMatureMilk


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(1),whitecellsinherbodybecomeactive,andmake antibodies a ainst the infection to

protect

her

.(2).Someofthesewhitecellsgotoherbreastsan ma eant o es

(3)whicharesecretedinherbreastmilk to

PROTECTIONAGAINSTINFECTION


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RiskofRiskofdiarrhoeadiarrhoea byfeedingmethodbyfeedingmethod2/8

Philippines,infantsaged02months

17.3

16

18

20

13.3

10

12

14

3.24

6

8

02

Breast milk only Breast milk and

-

Breast milk and No breast milk

liquids supplements

Source:Popkin BM.Breastfeedinganddiarrhealmorbidity. Pediatrics 1990;86:87482.


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Killspathogenicorganismsormodifies

Stimulates

epithelial

maturation

for

uture e ence

Firstimmunization

Protectionagainstcommonrespiratory

andintestinaldiseases


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Lessriskofillnesssuchas:

Earin ections,pneumonia,cro n s isease

andotherbowelillnesses,stomachfluand

ot er ntest na nesses,ear n ect ons,

childhoodcancers,diabetes,arthritis,

a erg es,ast maan eczema

2/9


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EmotionalbondingEmotionalbonding

close,lovingrelationshipbetweenmotherandbaby

mothermoreemotionallysatisfied

babycriesless babymaybemoreemotionallysecure

Develo mentDevelo ment

childrenperformbetteronintelligencetests


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HISTORY

Artificialfeedingbecomesreadily

available

at

turn

of

century

feedingsgiventodoctors

,

breastfeedingratesinwestern

Ratespeakin1980s

Durationratesstillgenerallylow


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Whysomemotherschooseformulavs.

reastmi DistressedbyphysicaldiscomfortofearlybreastfeedingDistressedbyphysicaldiscomfortofearlybreastfeeding

..

ConvenienceissuesConvenienceissues

Pressuresofemployment/schoolPressuresofemployment/school

WorriesthatbreastshapewillchangeWorriesthatbreastshapewillchange

FormulamanufacturersmanipulatepeoplethroughtheiradsFormulamanufacturersmanipulatepeoplethroughtheirads DoctorsandnursesneedmorelactationtrainingDoctorsandnursesneedmorelactationtraining

www.hasslefreeclipart.com/. ../baby_crying.gif


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Whysomemotherschooseformulavs.

reastmi Momsgivenverylittletimetoadjusttochangesofpostpartum

Familydemands

Nonsupportivefamily/healthprofessionals

m arrassmen

Lackofconfidenceinself

Feelingthatonecannotproduceenoughmilk

www.dreamstime.com/ thumb_27/11304631444pJ47D.jpg


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.

Formulamilkfor3daysoldFormulamilkfor3daysoldbabiesisnodifferentthanbabiesisnodifferentthan

formulamilkfor3monthsoldformulamilkfor3monthsoldinfants.infants.

store.enfamil.com/ media/pr_prosobee_lipil.jpg

BreastmilkisingeniouslyBreastmilkisingeniouslydifferenteverysingleday;differenteverysingleday;

ofthebaby.ofthebaby.

breastfeeding.8k.com/ Resources/breastfeeding.jpeg

2/10


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Interfereswithbonding

Morediarrhoea and ersistentdiarrhoea

Morefrequentrespiratoryinfections Malnutrition;VitaminAdeficienc

Moreallergyandmilkintolerance

Increasedriskofsomechronicdiseases Obesity

Lowerscoresonintelligencetests

Mothermaybecomepregnantsooner Increasedriskofanaemia,ovariancancer,andbreast

cancer nmot er


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HumanmilkisdesignedHumanmilkisdesigned

tosupportthetosupportthedevelopmentoflargedevelopmentoflarge

rains,capa eo rains,capa eo processingandstoringprocessingandstoring

lots

of

information.

lots

of

information.

www.babymall.com.au/ images/readingroomcartoon.gif

CowsmilkisdesignedtoCowsmilkisdesignedtosupportfunctions,likesupportfunctions,like

..

myxo.css.msu.edu/danimal/ quiz/cow_picture.png


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HARMFULEFFECTSOFFORMULA

26/2


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,

whichaimstoregulatepromotionandsaleofformula

TheCodecoversallbreastmilksubstitutes including

infantformula othermilksorfoods includin water

andteasandcerealfoodswhicharemarketedfor

infantsunder6months,andteatsandbottles

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aredistributedtheinstitutionor

suppliescanbecontinuedaslongasthe


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Ba y1 sexc us ve y


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breast ed.

givingababynootherfoodor

, ,additiontobreastfeedingexce tmedicinesandvitamin

ormineraldrops;expressedbreastmilk isalsopermitted).


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BothBaby1andBaby2arefully


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Fullbreastfeedingmeansbreastfeedingeither

exclusively

or

predominantly.

Baby 3 is bottle fed


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Baby3isbottlefed.

Bottlefeedingmeansfeedingababyfroma

bottle,whateverisinthebottle,including

expressedbreastmilk.

Baby 3 is also artificially fed


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Baby3isalsoartificiallyfed. " " " "

both

necessary,

because

a

baby

may

be

fed

withoutabottle,forexamplefromacup.

Artificialfeedingmeansfeedingababyon

,

atall.

Baby4isbreastfeeding,buthis


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artificialfeedforhim.Heis

partiallybreastfed.

Partialbreastfeeding:

Partialbreastfeedingmeansgivingababysome breastfeeds and some artificial

feeds,either milkorcereal,orotherfood.

Baby5ismorethan46monthsold,andhis

h i i i hi f d i b l i


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motherisgivinghimsomefoodinabowlin

additiontobreastfeedinghim.Thisistimely

complementaryfeeding.

Timelycomplementaryfeeding:

babyotherfoodinadditionto

, ,

about6monthsofage.


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HOUR

Exclusivebreastfeedinguntil6monthsofage

Introducecomplimentaryfoodswithcontinued breastfeedin

Optimumtobreastfeedfor2yearsorlonger


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*ABottleplacesaphysicalbarrier

betweenmomandbaby

*

*Lesseyecontact

*Thehormonalconnection

betweenthebreastfeeding

mo eran a ycanno e

experiencedbythebottle

feedingmother

www.photohome.com/.../ mom-and-baby-1a.jpg


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ifithasbeentakenaway

fromthem

atthebeginning.

Breastfeedingisnotachoice,

butanobligationtothechoice,

.

www.13.waisays.com/ image006.jpg


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WorldHealthg z

CommunityHealth

Nurses

Lactation

Consultants PublicHealth

AgencyofCanada


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Mohrbacher,Nancy,andStock,Julie.TheBreastfeedingAnswerBook,3rd. , .

TheBreastfeedingCommitteeforCanada.TheBabyFriendlyIniative in

CommunityHealthServices:aCanadianImplementationGuide.BCC,2002. .

Breastfeeding.Geneva:WHO,1998. ClassNotes GoogleImages

: . . _ . http://medicalreporter.health.org/tmr0297/breastfeed0297.html http://www.mamadearest.ca/en/info/benefits_breastfeeding.htm http://www.lambtonhealth.on.ca/infant/benefits.asp http://www.babyfriendly.org.uk/health.asp http://www.phacaspc.gc.ca/rhsssg/factshts/brstfd_e.html http://www.caaws.ca/mothersinmotion/baby/feeding_benefits_e.html

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