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UNCTAD

UNCTAD


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UNCTADs Main Goals

To promote economic development and povertyreduction in developing countries, andparticularly, the LDCs;

To contribute to the progressive and beneficialintegration in the global economy,

Particularly through

National policies and international supportmeasures complemented with capacity buildingtechnical assistance which build productivecapacities.

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UNCTAD

Inter-

governmental

Service

Consensus

building

Capacity

Building

Technical

Assistance

Research &

Policy Analysis

LDC Report,Africa Report

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Trade Related Technical Assistance

Objectives

-

Enhance the endogenous capacity of beneficiarycountries to set and implement their own

development strategies, as well as to emphasize

the development of their human, institutional,

productive and export capacities ;

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UNCTADs TRTA

The Focus: Capacity building for policy

ownership LDC policy analysis& research dissemination

International trade in goodsand services and commodities;

Investment and Enterprise

Development; Trade Logistics and Technology

Main forms ofdelivery

-Policy and advisory

services

-Training courses,

seminars, workshops

-Computer-based

technical Products-Supply of trade and

investment-related

data

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Capacity building for policyownership

Poverty is severe and all-pervasive in most LDCs, LDC Report

2002 Trade liberalization alone is insufficient - What is needed is

an inclusive form of growth that requires not simply exportsexpansion but also an economy-wide expansion of incomeearning opportunities.LDC Report 2004

the basic cause of persistent mass poverty in the LDCs iswidespread unemployment, underemployment and low labourproductivityLDC Report 2006

to escape the current trap of poverty, underdevelopment andmarginalization, need to narrow the LDCs' technology gap withthe rest of the world and increase the knowledge intensity oftheir economies. LDCReport 2007

to build economic resilience, need to improve agriculturalproductivity and diversify 6 to create non-agriculturalemployment opportunities. LDC Report 2008

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International trade in goods, services

and commodities

Specifically:

Trade Analysis Capacities &

Information Systems Capacity Building on Trade

Negotiations and CommercialDiplomacy

Competition Policy and ConsumerProtection

Trade, Environment andDevelopment

Help formulate

policies;

Develop human,

institutional,

regulatory capacities

and know-how to

negotiate,

produce, trade and

compete locally and

globally.

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Investment and Enterprise

Development

1) Investment policies andinvestment promotions

- International Investment Agreements- Investment Policy Reviews- Investment Facilitation- Capacity building in FDI statistics- i-portals plus including investment guides

2) Enterprise Development

EMPRETEC programme:promotesentrepreneurial skills and helps promisingentrepreneurs in putting their ideas intoaction and fostering businesses.

E-tourism: Currently benefits 5 LDCs: Benin,Burkina Faso, Guinea, Mali and Mauritania

UNCTAD's objective isto assist all

developing countries

in designing andimplementing active

policies to boostproductive capacities

and international

competitiveness.Particular attentionis given to LDCs.

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Trade logistics:

- Training on transport and trade facilitation- To improve the performance of transport operators

and auxiliary services

- To set up the necessary institutional andoperational environment for the introduction ofmultimodal transport

- Advance Cargo Information System (ACIS)- To increase transparency and efficiency in the

transport sector by providing operationalinformation to stakeholders

- Automated System for Customs Data (ASYCUDA)- To facilitate trade by speeding up the clearance

process through the use of information technologyand the reduction and simplification of customsdocumentation and procedures

Trade Logistics and Technology

ASYCUDA

-In 2009: almost 90

operational projects

The ASYCUDA

programme remains

the largesttechnicalcooperationprogramme within

UNCTAD,encompassing over

80 countries and 4

regional projects

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Trade Logistics and Technology

Trainings:

Training Trainers: TrainForTrade Programme

Local ownership of training activities, generation oflocal knowledge, human and institution building

Trainings programmes- The Virtual Institute Target: Academics & Policy Makers- The Training Course on Key Issues on the InternationalEconomic AgendaPolicy makers

Science and Technology

To enhance the scientific and technologicalcapabilities of developing countries and to facilitatetheir access to new technologies

- Network of Centres of Excellence a website platform

- Science, Technology and Innovation Policy (STIP) review

Beneficiaries of theTrainForTradeProgramme:

- Benin

- Djibouti

- Laos PDR

- Madagascar

- Maldives

- Mauritania

- Senegal

- Sierra Leone

- Sudan

- Chad

-

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What are the major challenges UNCTADis facing on delivering its developmental

role and impact?

UNCTAD is heavily constrained by the politicalcaptureof the major economic and political powers,namely the United States and the European Union.

UNCTAD suffers from lack of financial resourceswhich negatively affects it in performing its role,and render it more vulnerable to political capturesof the major powers.

UNCTAD suffers from weak promotion of its ideas.Examples include the Trade Development Report2006 which challenged the orthodox views of theWorld Bank and IMF on exchange rate regimes andfinancial systems, however it had little impact ondeveloping countries.

UNCTAD de ends mainl on s readin its 11


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a are e ma or c a engesis facing on delivering its developmental

role and impact?

Till now UNCTAD in the eyes of public is theorganization of trade, development, and investment(thanks to the Flagship publication of the WorldInvestment Report), but there are other areas

where UNCTAD is the focal point of the UN for asintegrated treatment of finance, currency,investment, trade and technology from adevelopmental perspective. UNCATDs role indealing with such areas is not vivid, besides ofcourse the interaction among them.

UNCTAD remains in the eyes of many a forum. Itlacks means of power, hence the institutional setupand legal charter classify it as an internationalorganization versus the supranational organizations(World Bank, IMF, WTO). Along this setup, ideasshould be based to help UNCTAD have a moreeffective role.

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What strategies UNCTAD could follow in order

to fulfill its developmental mission

A strategy should be developed to enhance the role

of UNCTAD by energizing its developing members toput pressure on the major powers.

Joint collaboration with UN organizations ofrelatively similar interests as UNDP, and WHO.

Having extra presence in developing countriesthrough missions and sending of experts (which arerelatively few compared to Breton Woods

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Thank you for your

attention !

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