coordinating and controlling

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CONTROLLING and COORDINATING PREPARED BY: Padum Chetry Pragya Haloi Upasana Madhukalya Govinda Roy

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Page 1: Coordinating and controlling

CONTROLLING and

COORDINATING

PREPARED BY:

Padum Chetry

Pragya Haloi

Upasana Madhukalya

Govinda Roy

Page 2: Coordinating and controlling

CONTENTSCONTROLLING

Concept: meaning, definition Features, steps

Major control techniquesEssentials of an effective control system

Importance

COORDINATION

Meaning, definition and featuresImportance and Principles

Major coordination techniques

Page 3: Coordinating and controlling

CONTROLLING

Page 4: Coordinating and controlling

CONTROLLING

- Management control refers to setting of predetermined standards, comparing actual performance with these standards and if required, taking corrective actions to ensure the achievement of organizational goals.

‘‘Managerial control implies the measurement of accomplishment against the standard and the correction of deviations to assure attainment of objectives according to plans.’’ -Koontz and O’Donnell

Page 5: Coordinating and controlling

Features: Determines standards, norms and goals

Fundamental management function.

It is all pervasive.

Continuous activity. It is related to results.

Page 6: Coordinating and controlling

STEPS IN THE PROCESS OF CONTROLLING

1.Setting performance standards

2.Measurement of actual performance against standards.

3.Identification of deviations.

4.Analysis of deviations.

5.Initiating corrective actions.

Page 7: Coordinating and controlling

Techniques of controlling:

a)Past oriented and future oriented

b)Market control, bureaucratic control and clan control

c)Old control and new control techniques

Page 8: Coordinating and controlling

1. Personal Observation2. Statistical Reports3. Break – even analysis4. Budgetary control

Traditional techniques

Page 9: Coordinating and controlling

1. Return on Investment (ROI)2. Management Audit3. Management Information System(MIS)4. Zero-based Budgeting (ZBB)5. PERT (Programme Evaluation and Review Technique)/CPM(Critical Path Method)6. Ratio Analysis7. Responsibility Accounting

Modern techniques

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Essentials of an effective control system

• Suitable• Timely and forward looking• Objective and comprehensible• Flexible• Economical• Prescriptive and operational• Acceptable to organization members• Reveal exceptions at strategic points• Motivate people to high performance • Should not lead to less attention to other

aspects• Should be periodically reviewed and

evaluated

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Importance of controlling:

Accomplishing organizational goals

Judging accuracy of standards

Making efficient use of resources

Improving employee motivation

Ensuring order and discipline

Facilitating coordination in action

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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PLANNING AND CONTROLLING

PLANNING identifies action and CONTROLLING ensures that those actions are

carries out properly.

Poor control system is followed by failure of plans and effective control system

reinforces the present plans.

Controlling helps the managers in either revising their plans or abandoning them

altogether.

Framing plans presume the existence of a well designed control system and the controlling function similarly presumes the existence of plans which are well

within the reach of the organization

Page 14: Coordinating and controlling

COORDINATION

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COORDINATION

- an orderly arrangement of group efforts to maintain harmony among individuals efforts towards the accomplishment of common goals of an organization.

‘‘Coordination is balancing and keeping together the team by ensuring suitable allocation of tasks to the various members and seeing that the tasks are performed with harmony among the members themselves.’’ -E.F.L.Brech Features: Continuous activity Dynamic process Integrates group efforts Responsibility of all managers Ensures unity of action A deliberate function

Page 16: Coordinating and controlling

Principles: Mary Parker Follet has suggested the following principles of coordination:

Principle of Early Start

Principle of Direct Contact

Principle of Reciprocal Relationship

Principle of Continuity

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BASIC COORDINATING TECHNIQUES

1. Rules, Procedures and Policies 2. Planning

3. Hierarchy

RULES, PROCEDURES AND POLICIESStandard policies, procedures and rules are laid down to

cover all possible situations.

PLANNINGPlanning ensures coordinated effort. Strategic planning

does the task of relating the organization to the environment so as to reduce uncertainty and the need for

strict coordination.

HierarchyIt is the oldest as well as simplest device for achieving

coordination. By putting interdependent units under one boss, some coordination among their activities is

ensured.

Page 18: Coordinating and controlling

Importance of Coordination: To harmonize conflicts

Total accomplishments

Emphasizes human relation

Retention of good personnel

Promotes stability, growth and prosperity of the organization

Efficiency and economy

“COORDINATION IS THE VERY ESSENCE OF MANAGEMENT !!!”

Page 19: Coordinating and controlling

Thank YOU