Coordinated School Health Initiatives

Nick Drzal, MPH, RDMichigan Department of EducationGrants Coordination & School Support OfficeCoordinated School Health & Safety Programs

Lisa Grost, MHSAMichigan Department of Community HealthCardiovascular Health Nutrition and Physical Activity

School-aged children are socially, emotionally and physically healthy and engaging in behaviors that promote lifelong health and academic achievement within a supportive family, school and community environment.

Vision Statement

State School HealthVision Priorities

1. Teach healthy behaviors and skills to all students.

2. Ensure that social, emotional and physical health services available to all students.

3. Create environments that support health behaviors.

MDE Role & Function Provide leadership, technical assistance and

support for efforts designed to promote student health

Key Health Problems Intentional and unintentional injuries

Sexual risk behaviors

Alcohol/drug use

Tobacco use

Physical inactivity

Poor eating habits

Special Projects: Asthma, Sun Safety

Content Standards and Benchmarks

Model State Curriculum

Grade Level Content Expectations

State Board Policies

Assessment and Evaluation

Surveillance

Resources and Tools

Key Education Focus

Presentation Objectives

Provide an overview of Coordinated School Health Initiatives and how they can change school systems.

Share research on links between health status and academic achievement

Share success stories and resources

Encourage you to become a coordinated school health advocate.

© 2002 Association of State and Territorial Health Officials (ASTHO) and the Society of State Directors of Health, Physical Education and Recreation (SSDHPER)

Through Coordinated School Health Programs

www.thesociety.org

Making the Connection: Health and Student Achievement

Is student health

themissing piece in school

reform?

How are school health programs administered

today?

Coordinate Health Initiatives…

THE WAY WE DOBUSINESS!

Uncoordinated Efforts = Missed Opportunities

Missed Opportunities

Coordinated Efforts = Endless Opportunities

Endless Opportunities

Leads to Success

Coordinating School Health Programs

Coordinated School Health Program Model (CSHP)

THE WAY WE DO

BUSINESS!!!

Not one more thing to do but another way to

do our thing.

Good Health is

Necessaryfor

Academic Success

Coordinated School Health Initiatives:

Empowers students with the knowledge, skills, and judgment to help them make smart choices in life.

Engages parents, families and communities

Helps keep kids healthy over time by reinforcing positive behaviors

Supports learning and school success

CSHI Are…Centered on the Needs of Our Children

Increase connectedness

Identify and build upon youth assets

Develop life skills and sense of competence

CSHI Are…Systematic in its Approach

Assess needs and resources

Prioritize

Plan

Implement

Monitor, evaluate, and refine

CSHI Are…Built on a Team Effort

Coordination between School Health Councils and School Health Teams

Partnerships

Involvement of students, families, and communities

Link to School Improvement Plan, School-Based Site Management

CSHI Are…Rigorous

Builds on accurate data

Utilizes sound science

Aims to eliminate gaps and redundancies

8 Volunteers NeededUpfront & Center

Coordinated School Health Team

HealthServicesHealth

Services

HealthySchool

Environment

HealthySchool

Environment

Health Promotion

for Staff

Health Promotion

for Staff

NutritionServicesNutritionServices

Family/CommunityInvolvement

Family/CommunityInvolvement

PhysicalEducationPhysical

Education

Counseling,Psychological

& SocialServices

Counseling,Psychological

& SocialServices

HealthEducation

HealthEducation

TEAMWORK IS…

CRITICAL forTEAM SUCCESS

There is No

“I”in

TEAM!

How do the components of a CSHP

impact behavior or academic achievement?

Good Health IS Necessary for Academic Success

It is difficult for students to be successful in school if they are: Sick Using alcohol or other drugs Hungry Abused

Depressed Tired Being bullied Stressed

Family & Community Component

Students with greater parent involvement show: Higher grades Higher test scores Better attendance More consistently completed homework

• Henderson, 1987

Schools with strong community activity programs report: Increased student academic achievement Reduced school suspension rates Improved student behaviors

• Nettles, 1991; Allen, Philliber, Herring, and Kupermine 1997

Family & Community Component

Comprehensive School Health Education Component

Students participating in health education show: Increased knowledge, skills and health

practices• Connell, Turner, and Mason, 1985

Decreased risky behaviors• Botvin, Baker, Dusenbury, Tortu, and Botvin, 1990• Dent, Sussman, Stacy, Craig, Burton, and Flay, 1995

School Health ServicesComponent

Schools with school-based health centers report: Increased school attendance Decreased drop-outs and suspensions Fewer teen pregnancies Higher graduation rates

• McCord, Klein, Foy, and Fothergill, 1993 • Walters, 1996

School Nutrition ServicesComponent

Schools with school breakfast programs show: Increased academic achievement Improved student attention Reduced school nurse visits Decreased behavior problems

• Murphy, Pagano, Nachmani, • Sperling, Kane, and Kleinman, 1998

Counseling, Psychological and Social Services Component

School intervention combining teacher training with parent education showed: Increased student attachment to schoolLess school misbehaviorBetter academic achievement

• Hawkins, Catalano, Kosterman, Abbott, and Hill, 1999

Counseling, Psychological and Social Services Component

Parent-child and parent-teacher communication intervention resulted in improved student academic performance

- Bowen, 1999

Healthy School Environment Component

Students who felt a strong social bond to their school were: More attentive in class.Less likely to misbehave.

• Simons-Morton, Crump, Haynie, and Saylor, 1999

Physical Education Component

Physical activity is positively associated with academic performance

Dwyer, Blizzard, and Dean, 1996

Student physical education involvement did not negatively impact student test scores.

• Sallis, McKenzie, Kolody, Lewis,Marshall, and Rosengard, 1999

• Shephard, 1996• Dwyer, Coonan, Leitch, Hetzel, and Baghurst, 1983

Staff Wellness ComponentTeachers participating in a health promotion

program focusing on exercise, stress management, and nutrition reported: Lower body weight Lower stress levels Higher exercise participation Higher well-being levels

Blair, Collingwood, Reynolds, Smith, Hagan, and Sterling, 1984

“Healthy” teachers were:Less absentMore energeticMore optimistic

• Symons, Cummings, and Olds, 1994

Staff Wellness Component

Policy Adoption&

Tipping Point

What’s Your Districts Story and Who Will Help You Tell It? Systems Change Dynamics

Behavior is affected by multiple levels of influence Examples:

• Seat belt usage (20 years ago) and 2004 Click It or Ticket Campaign

• Drinking and Driving

Science-based, Public identifies a need for change, and People enact behavior or environmental change agents

The Tipping Point –Malcolm GladwellHow Little Things Can Make a Big Difference

Ideas (or P/policy) behave like epidemics

Ideas can be tipped by: Who transmits it; The nature of the idea itself; and The environment or context of the idea

• Ex: Teen alcohol related accidents at Prom = after prom all night parties led by parents and educators trying to prevent further incidents

The Tipping PointCultivate Connectors, Mavens and Salesmen

Connectors – Social Butterflies i.e. networkers Mavens – Just the Facts i.e. researchers Salesmen - Persuasion i.e. media

Who are or could be the Connectors, Mavens and Salesmen for your team to spread your message?

Sphere of Influence

Big “P” Policy Society: Advocacy,

Science

Small “p” policy Community: Schools Organizational:

Hospitals, Churches, Corporations, Providers

Interpersonal/ Individual – Media, Patient Education

SocietyNational, State

CommunityCounty, Municipality, Coalitions

OrganizationalOrganizations, Social Institutions

InterpersonalFamily, Friends, Social Networks

IndividualKnowledge, Skills, Attitudes, and

Behaviors

Policies and Procedures

Policies Typically express what should be done, why it

should be done, and who should do it.

Regulations and Procedural Guidelines Outline the details of how to accomplish the policy’s

goals.

A Good Policy is YourBest Defense Clearly written policies that reflect thorough

research, sound judgment, and careful planning stave off the maiming accusations of uninformed critics…

It is surprising how much thoughtful policy work gets done if the board will routinely set aside part of every meeting to discuss policy issues rather than immediate needs. National School Boards Association

A Policy Is Only Effective When It Is…

Shared

Responsive to a need

Consistently voiced

Clear how to turn the policy into practice

Consistently implemented

Consistently enforced

Michigan State Board of Education

Policies on School Health

Coordinated School Health Programs 9/2003

HIV/STD and Sex Education 9/2003

Physical Education 9/2003

Healthy Food Environment 12/2003

Safe Schools 4/2003

Character Education 6/2004

Health Education 6/2004

Tobacco Free 24/7 6/2005

Local Wellness Policy 11/2005

Take Home Messages

Policies can be extremely powerful tool in supporting school health initiatives

The policy development process is critical in: Building support Expanding critical partnerships

Don’t recreate the wheel.

Start with existing school health policies.

Success Stories and Initiatives WorkingDr. Pat Cooper, McComb, Mississippi

Issues: High teen pregnancy; Low graduation rate; Low test scores; High special education rates; High juvenile arrest rates; High suspension, expulsions, and delinquency rates

Dr. Pat Cooper, McComb, Mississippi

Results: Significant increases in reading, language, and math test

scores on the MTC and Terra Nova• One group moved from 30th% to 47th% on the Terra Nova within 4

years. In 2000, 46.5% of children were in the bottom quarter, 4 years later only 22.6% were.

• MCT scores for 2nd – 8th grade reading, language and math increased by 32.8 to 80.4 points.

Graduation rates have increased from 77.03% in 1996-1997 to 90.97% in 2002-2003; 10% higher than the state average

Dr. Pat Cooper, McComb, Mississippi

Results: Prior to 2002-2003, 39.4% children were dropping out of

school; 14.5% after the implementation of a positive discipline program

Special education inclusion rate is double that of the state of Mississippi; ranked #1 in providing special education services within general education classrooms – student enrolled in 1997 was 443 and has decreased to 375 in 2004

Dr. Pat Cooper, McComb, Mississippi

Results: 3% teens in Teen Parent Program has a repeat

pregnancy before the age of 20, compared to 23.5% for Mississippi and 20.9% for the US

A decrease of 59% was seen in juvenile crime arrests out of school

More than 42% decrease in suspensions and detentions 33% reduction in expulsions since the Safe Schools

component was initiated

Dr. Pat Cooper, McComb, Mississippi

HOW…??? Collaboration between school and community – forum

held – good discussions Collected all “money pots” and reprioritized to meet the

needs of the students, teachers and community Long term plan Consistent policies Collection of Data

Success Stories and Initiatives Workingin Michigan!

Michiana Coordinated School Health Leadership Institute replication 3 year intensive leadership training 3 team members; 2 school and 1 community Meet 2 times per year in person

Coordinated School Health Leadership Training for Priority Schools Kick off March 2004 with Pat Cooper, Brighton Follow-up trainings Winter 2005 Replicate Leadership Institute program at a slower pace

“A health promoting school is characterized as a school

constantly strengthening it’s capacity as a healthy setting for

learning and working.”WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION

Healthy Kids Make Better Students,

And Better Students Make Healthy Communities.

Contact Information on Michigan State Board of Education Policies

Sex Education Laurie Bechhofer, bechhoferl@michigan.gov

CSHP Elizabeth Haller, hallere@michigan.gov

Character Ed &Health Education

Merry Stanford, stanfordm@michigan.gov

Nutrition Nick Drzal, Drzaln@michigan.gov

Physical Education/Activity

Trina Boyle-Holmes, Boyle-holmest@michigan.gov

Safe Schools Bob Higgins, Higginsr@michigan.gov

MI Department of Education, www.michigan.gov/mde

Educational Materials Center, www.emc.cmich.edu

Contact Information Michigan Department of Community Health

Lisa Grost, Email: GrostL@michigan.gov , Phone: 517-335-9781

Cool Quotes

“Education and health are inextricably linked.”

- Carnegie Council on Adolescent Development

“No educational tool is more essential than good health.”

- Council of Chief State School Officers

Cool Quotes

“Health and success in school areinterrelated. Schools cannot achieve their primary mission of education if students

and staff are not healthy and fit physically, mentally, and socially.”

- National Association of State Boards of Education

Cool Quotes

Carnegie Foundation

“Clearly, no knowledge is more crucial than knowledge about

health. Without it, no other life goal can be successfully achieved.”

- Boyer, E.L., The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching, 1983

U.S. Department of Education

“Too many of our children start school unready to meet the challenges of learning, and are

adversely influenced by… drug use and alcohol abuse, random violence, adolescent pregnancy,

AIDS, and the rest.”

- U.S. Department of Education. America 2000, An Education Strategy Sourcebook- Department of Education, 1991

Former Surgeon GeneralDr. Antonia Novello

“Health and education go hand in hand: one cannot exist without the other. To believe any differently is to hamper progress. Just as our children have a right to

receive the best education available, they have a right to be healthy. As parents, legislators, and

educators, it is up to us to see that this becomes a reality.”

- Healthy Children Ready to Learn: An Essential Collaboration Between Health and Education, 1992

American Cancer Society

“[Children] …who face violence, hunger, substance abuse,

unintended pregnancy, and despair cannot possibly focus on

academic excellence. There is no curriculum brilliant enough to

compensate for a hungry stomach or a distracted mind.”- National Action Plan for Comprehensive School Health Education. 1992

ResourcesHealthy School Action Tool (HSAT)

www.mihealthtools.org/schools

Healthy Kids, Healthy Weight: Tips for Families with Kids of all Shapes and Sizes www.mihealthtools.org/schools

The Role of Michigan Schools in Promoting Healthy Weight: A Consensus Paper www.mde.state.mi.us

ResourcesTeam Nutrition Resources and Grants

www.tn.fcs.msue.msu.edu

State Board of Education Health Policies www.tn.fsc.msue.msu.edu

Exemplary Physical Education Curriculum www.michiganfitness.org/EPEC/default.htm

Resources

Reverse the Trends: Create a Healthy School Nutrition Environment for Students

Stories From the Field: Lessons Learned About Building Coordinated School Health Programs

Promoting Healthy Youth, Schools, and Communities: A Guide to Community-School Health Councils

Resources Fit, Healthy, and Ready to Learn: A School Health

Policy Guide

Getting it Started and Keeping it Going

Fruits & Vegetables Galore: Helping Kids Eat More

USDA’s School Meals Initiative www.fns.usda.gov/fns/

Action for Healthy Kids www.actionforhealthykids.org