control of fusion reactor plasma
DESCRIPTION
Control of fusion reactor plasma. Y. Miyoshi Frontier Science ,University of Tokyo. Introduction. Commercial [2]. ITER [1]. DEMO [2]. Under construction. Construction of control system is needed. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Control of fusion reactor plasma
Y. MiyoshiFrontier Science ,University of Tokyo
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Introduction
ITER [1]
DEMO [2] Commercial [2]
Under construction
Construction of control system is needed.
Construction of control system for high performance plasma with limited actuators or diagnostics is needed.
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Control Logic Construction
Control paramete
rs
①
actuators and
diagnostics
② Control
logic
③
Control System construction
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Example of Parameter Categorization
Item Control parameter
mid parameter
measurable parameter
Electrical output Pfus
ne,Z ,f ,f ,Ti,Te
Safety operation q ,W qra ,q ,n
τ,Zeff ,f
Plasma stability
β , n ,qmin, rotation
Ip,ap ,j(r),Bt
Plasma shape, position
R ,ap,κ,δ,d Ip,j(r)Detailed discussion is needed.
div
load
N GW min
p p gap
p
eff
D T
rad
elm
edge
ffimp
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gas-puffpellet NBI RF coilne ○ ○ △ Zeff ○ ○ fd,fT,fimp ○ ○ △ Ti ○ Te ○ ○ qrad ○ ○ qelm ○ ○Ip ○ ○ ○j(r) △ ○ △Rp,ap ○κ,δ ○dgap ○rotation ○
Example of Actuator Categorization
For multiple control, Coupling effect must be taken into account.
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Multiple Control Experiment
Ti
Difference in Ti
Ref
NBI power
q-minimu
m
Ref
LHCD power
Time
q-minimum real time control ΔTi real time
control
qminITG
current profilepressure gradient
NBI
LHCDJT-60 experiment
[3]T.Suzuki, J.Plasma Fusion Res. Vol86, No9 530-535 (2010) (in Japanese)
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1.5D transport code simulation
qminITG
current profilepressure
gradientNBILHCD
JT-60 experiment
NBI
gas-puff
Fusion power
minimum q-value
transport code simulation [4]
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Fusion power
Gas-puff
Target value
Fusion power control simulation
Current profile movie
Density profile movie
Gas-
puff
[10^
19/s
ec]
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q-minimum control simulationq- m
inEn
ergy
[M
W]
r/a (q-m
in)
Current profile
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Simultaneous control simulation
Ener
gy
[MW
]
Gas-
puff
[10^
19/s
ec]
q- min
r/a (q-m
in)
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Summary of 1.5D simulation
gas-puff
Fusion power
Single Control
NBI minimum q-value
Single Control
NBI
gas-puff
Fusion power
minimum q-value
Simultaneous Control
It is difficult to determine the appropriate gain matrix from only the response characteristics.
Easy to control
Difficult to control because of their interaction
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Using modern control theory
0-D analysis
1.5-D analysis
Plasma ExperimentJT-60
experiment
Simultaneous control simulation
Classical control
Modern control
This research
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Classical and Modern control theory
Control Physical Model
Model differen
ce
True system
+-
yuer
Managed as disturbance
Control
True system+
-yuer Black
Box
Classical control
Modern control
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State space modelTo determine actuator value, we use this ‘State space model’
actuator vector
state vector
output vector
We can get appropriate actuator value u.
Control requirement
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0-D Plasma Physics Model
a=2 (m), R=6.2 (m)
0.7
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State Equation
State vectorActuator vector
Output vector x u
we get an
d
From
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Linearized State Equation
P control
ne
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Adding the Integrator
Add the integral term to avoid the disturbance. PI control
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2 degree of freedom control
Feedback
ControlPlasm
a+-
yuer Δu
Feed forward
Controlueq
Find the equilibrium point from the reference and physical model
Find the feed back gain from physical model
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Simulink
We use the software ‘MATLAB/Simulink’ to do simulation. MATLAB/
Simulink
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SummaryFor control logic construction, categorizing of control parameters, actuators and diagnostics is necessarily.
・
In this research, we determine the PI gain from 0-D plasma physics model, and we demonstrate the 0-D control simulation.
・
The simulation using a transport code or plasma control experiment are future work.
・
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Reference[1] http://www.naka.jaea.go.jp/ITER/iter/index.html[2] http://www.asahi-net.or.jp/~rt6k-okn/subject.htm[3] 3]T.Suzuki, J.Plasma Fusion Res. Vol86, No9 530-535 (2010) (in Japanese)[4] Y. Miyoshi et.al PFR Vol.7 2405135 (2012)[5] Control system design (G. C. Goodwin et.al)
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Appendix
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The Effect of Disturbance
Control Nominal Model
Model err
True system
+-
yuer
d
If controller has integrator (1/s), the effect of step disturbance will vanish.
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Linearize
In this simulation, we assume that equation point = reference point.