model is a reproduction of a real thing in a smallscale or large scale or exact

size but made ofsynthetic material. it isa substitute for a realthing which may or maynot be operational.

Example: globe, atom

mock upis an arrangement of a real

device or associated devices where the parts

of a model are singled out, heightened and magnified in order to focus on that part

or process under study.Example: planetarium

specimen is any individual

or item considered typical of a

group, class or whole.

objectsinclude artifacts

displayed in a museum or

objects displayed in exhibit or

preserve insect specimen in

science.

simulation

a representation of a manageable real event in which the learner is an active

participant engaged in learning

a behavior or in applying previously acquired skills or

knowledge. example: election

or earthquake drills

game is another example of contrived

experiences.

games are played to

win while simulations

need not have a winner.

1. to overcOme limitations of spaceand time

2. to “edit” reality for us to be ableto focus on parts or a process ofa system that we intend to study

3. to overcome difficulties of size4. to understand the inaccessible5. help the learners to understand

abstractions

The most important things to remember when we make use of contrived experiences, if for one reason or another they could not replace the real things in size and color and we should at least cautions the user or the reader by giving the scale.

Questions enumerated byEdgar Dale

in evaluating contrived experience

used in class