Contribution of Muslim Scientists and Engineers in the field of science

Sulaman MuhammadEM123009

Timeline of science and engineering in the

Islamic world

o 8th Century• First pharmacy & drug store open in Islamic world• First library named “Baith-ul-Hikma” open in Islamic world• First hospital open in Islamic world name “Bimeristan”• First telescope was invented• Declared that Earth is sphere• Algorithm was founded

o 9th Century• First attempt on flight was made• Windmill was invented• First university open in Islamic world• Clock was invented

o 10th Century• Graph paper was invented• First sugar refinery mill was made• Base of modern surgery was led• The circumference, diameter and radius of earth was

determined

o 11th Century

• Speed of light is finite

• Speed of light is faster then sound

• The first globe was made

• First mechanical clock

• Gun powder was invented

• Blood circulatory system of human body

• Largest hospital of that time in the was built

o Al Khwarizmi• Father of Algebra • Founder of Algorithm • The first person who introduce “0” in the mathematics• Give the solution of Quadratic & linear equations

o Abu Al-wafa• The first person who calculate the difference between the

time of two longitudes on map• He was the first to construct wall Quadrant• Give the solution of spherical triangles• He discover several trigonometric identities

o Jabir Ibn Hayyan• Father of Chemistry• Laid the base of Acid-Base theory• Discover methods of filtration, distillation, crystallization

& sublimation• The first to introduce the method of separating gold from

silver• Discover methods for preparation of steel, dyeing of

cloth and leather• Invent more then 20 laboratory apparatus

o Ibn Al-haytham• Theory of vision• Invented Telescope • Earth is Sphere • Dam on River Nile• Influence of Melodies on the Souls of Animals

o Abbas Ibn Firnas• The 1st man who tried to fly through scientific way• Invented the 1st water clock• The 1st who invented glass• Develop the process of cutting crystal rocks

o Muhammad Ibn Zakariya• He was the first to distinguish between small-pox &

chicken pox• Discover the treatment of small & chicken pox• He was the first to use opium for anesthesia• He was the first to produce sulphuric acid

o Abu Rayhan• Radius, diameter & circumference of earth• Speed of light is faster then speed of sound• Produce world map and the first known globe

o Al Jazari• Father of Robotics• First Mechanical engineer• Automatic hand washing machine• Invented candle clock• Invented mechanical clock• Invented water hand pump• Invented water raising machine• A great Artist

Inventions by Muslim Scientists• Telescope• Chess• Fountain pen• Clock• Windmill• Compass• Candle• Soap & shampoo• Glass• Water turbine• Gun powder

Inventions by Pakistani Scientists

• Ommaya Reservoir

• Endotracheal Tube

• Connect brain with silicon chip

• Plastic Magnet

• Human Development Index (HDI)

• Computer virus

Thanks