Continuing Traditions

Continuing TraditionsDo NowTake out your Lesson 7.2 Fact-Finder, Homework and Practice Book, and Vocabulary Sheets

I. The MaccabeesA. In 332BC, the Judean Empire faced another conqueror the Macedonian emperor Alexander the Great

Alexander the Greats Empire

The Maccabees1. He loved Greek culture and brought many Greek customs to his conquered lands, including Judah, which was then called Judaea

The MaccabeesB. In 200 B.C., a Greek ruler outlawed Judaism and forced all Judeans to worship Greek gods

The MaccabeesC. In 167 B.C., a man named Judah led a revolt

The Maccabees1. During the revolt, he became known as Judah Maccabee

2. Today, the event is remembered as the Revolt of the Maccabees

Revolt of the Maccabees

The Maccabeesa. Judah Maccabee and his recruits recaptured Jerusalem and all of Judaea

b. They restored Jewish worship in the Temple

Judaea

The MaccabeesD. In 63 B.C., the Roman Empire took control of Judaea

The Maccabees1. They chose Jewish kings who were loyal to Rome

2. The Jewish people were mistreated and rebelled, and in A.D. 70, the Romans laid siege to Jerusalem, leaving it and the Temple in ruins

Destruction of the Temple

The MaccabeesE. After the Second Temple was destroyed, Rabbi Yohanan ben Zaccai founded a Jewish school in Yavneh south of Jerusalem

The Maccabees1. The school grew into a center for Jewish life

2. Synagogues, too continued to gain importance as places of prayer and study 3. Both of these events helped Judaism survive

Synagogue Ruins

The MaccabeesF. In A.D. 132, the Jewish people tried to overthrow the Romans

1. Simon Bar Kokhba was the leader of the revolt

The Maccabees2. The Romans crushed the revolt

a. They sent nearly all of the Jews of Jerusalem into exile

b. Jewish people would not rule Judaea again for 1,800 years

Judah

II. The Writings of JudaismA. The Hebrew Bible is both history and literature

1. It tells the stories of the Jewish people to about 300 B.C.

II. The Writings of JudaismB. The Hebrew Bible has three parts

1. First is the Torah or the Law, including the Ten Commandments

2. Next is the Neviim or the Prophets

3. The third part is the Ketuvim, or the Writings

The Writings of JudaismC. Genesis is the first book of the Torah, which explains how God created the universe

The Writings of Judaism1. One of the best-known stories in Genesis is about Noah and the flood

2. In this story, God orders Noah to build an ark, a large boat, and take aboard two of every living creature

3. Noah and the others on the ark survive the flood to renew life on Earth

Noahs Ark

The Writings of JudaismD. Some, such as the Rabbi Hillel, devoted their lives to studying and teaching the Torah

The Writings of JudaismE. The Neviim includes the words of prophets, such as Jeremiah and Ezekiel, who spoke to the Jewish people as representatives of God

Jeremiah and Ezekiel

JeremiahEzekielThe Writings of Judaism1. It also tells the history of Israelite kings, including David and Solomon

The Writings of JudaismF. The Ketuvim contains several kinds of written works, including stories

The Writings of Judaism1. One of the most popular stories is about friendship and loyalty

2. It is the story of Ruth, a young woman who married into a Jewish family

3. When her husband died, Ruth stayed to care for her mother-in-law, Naomi, instead of returning to her own family

4. Ruth told Naomi, Your people shall be my people, and your God my God

Ruth

III. Jewish Traditions and InfluenceA. Rosh Hashanah is the first day of the Jewish New Year and the beginning of the ten High Holy Days

1. The last day of the High Holy Days is Yom Kippur

Jewish Traditions and Influence2. Rosh Hashanah is known as the Day of Judgmenta. Jews believe that on this day, God judges them

b. They examine their actions of the past year and think about any sins they have committed

Jewish Traditions and InfluenceB. Yom Kippur is known as the Day of Atonement

a. Jews express regret for their sins and ask God to forgive them

Jewish Traditions and InfluenceC. Passover is an important holiday that marks the Israelites escape from Egypt

Jewish Traditions and InfluenceD. Judaism influenced two of the worlds largest religions, Christianity and Islam

1. According to tradition, Abraham is an important figure to Judaism, Christianity, and Islam

Jewish Traditions and InfluenceE. Jesus, on whom Christianity was founded, was Jewish

1. He taught many of the ideas of Judaism, such as the belief in God and the importance of the Ten Commandments

2. In addition, Jesus taught new religious ideas

Jesus

Various Crosses

Jewish Traditions and InfluenceF. Muslims, who practice the religion of Islam, say that Abraham, an early prophet, received messages from God

Jewish Traditions and Influence1. They also say that Muhammad was Gods final prophet

2. Muhammad said that he was a descendant of Abrahams son Ishmael

3. The life of Muhammad and the message of Islam are presented in the Quran, the holy book of Islam

Quran

Jewish Traditions and Influence4. Judaism, Christianity, and Islam have many differences, but they have a very important similarity

1. All three focus on the belief in one God who sets down moral laws for their followers

Wrap UpWhat empires conquered Jerusalem?

Who led revolts in the name of Israel?

What are the three parts of the Hebrew Bible? What does each section include?

What Jewish holidays can you remember?

What religions were influenced by Judaism?