Context: the bigger picture

Peter Mulvaney

““The evidence that humans are changing the water cycle of the United States is increasingly compelling.”

(National Assessment Water Report, 2000)

Perceptions More deaths in the world due to lack of clean water than war.

Every 15 seconds a child under five dies from lack of safe water

Chicago: 17’ BRANCH TUNNEL MEETS 27’ MAIN TUNNEL

Courtsy of Courtsy of MWRDGCMWRDGC

2/5 people do not have access to a toilet

90% of wastewater in developing countries is discharged into rivers and streams without any treatment.

CHICAGO: 27’ DIA. TUNNEL BORING MACHINECourtesy of MWRDGC

lifestraw

1/6 people do not have access to safe water

Chicago: Courtesy of Chicago: Courtesy of MWRDGCMWRDGC

Woman’s Work – most significant reason for lack of women education in many 3rd world countries

Chicago: Thornton Reservoir (2004)Chicago: Thornton Reservoir (2004)

Short Story 1Chicago History

Chicago River Landscape

Courtesy of Chicago Historical Society

Courtesy of Chicago Historical Society

Rapidly Growing City

First Municipal Water Supply System 1853

Combined Sewers 1857

Need a Solution

Inherent Conflict…

Phase I – Tunnel– 109.4 miles, 30’d, ~210 ft

deep– Completed 2006

Phase II – Reservoirs– ORD – 1996, 350MG– McCook – 2014, 2024

10BG– Thornton – 2003, 3.1BG,

2014, 7.9BG

TARP

City of Chicago Water Supply Area

• 12 Pumping Stations12 Pumping Stations• Draw Water From TunnelsDraw Water From Tunnels• 8 Electric8 Electric• 4 Steam4 Steam• No Elevated Storage in System No Elevated Storage in System • (Pump “On Demand”)(Pump “On Demand”)• Over 600 Miles of Transmission Over 600 Miles of Transmission Mains Ranging From 16-inch to 78-Mains Ranging From 16-inch to 78-inchinch

Serves over 5.4 million people

(44% of people in Illinois)

Reflect: history/future, divisions/fragmentations, education, etc

Short Story 2Infrastructure

From Lake to Intake Cribs

to Tunnel and Purification Plants

to Tunnel to Pump Stations

to Pipe Network

then Use and Collection

to Interceptors -(and/or Tunnels)

to Reclamation and River discharge

to downstream value (but not to Lake)

Water Infrastructure Path

Chicago Sewer:Wet Weather Operation

17’ BRANCH TUNNEL MEETS 27’ MAIN TUNNEL

Courtesy of Courtesy of MWRDGCMWRDGC

Thornton Reservoir (2004)

Short Story 3Managing Stormwater

STORM

Distributed vs Discrete Responsibilities

Who are you going to call?

POTABLE RECLAMATION

Everyone has a role in managing stormwater

Ab

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pro

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concept planning design construction

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Stormwater Management Strategies

2D Release Rates

Example CSO Data

Outfall Street Pipe Size InvertControl

Elevation Level Monitor2yr CSO

Volume_MG

Smallest Storm for

CSO

154 Normal Ave. 16 X 12.8 -14.28 -10.85 -1.8 MWRD 23.45 6-month

155 Wallace St. 6 -6.98 0.5 -1.8 NO 0.01 2-year

160 Senour Ave. 3 -0.98 1.5 -2.0 NO 0.34 2-month

163 Throop St. 3 -2.28 0 -2.1 NO 0.00 2-year

165 Loomis St. 3 -1.88 0.9 -2.2 NO 0.79 2-month

166 Laflin St. 15 X 12 -11.78 -9.03 -2.3 MWRD 50.52 2-month

167 Ashland Ave. 5.5 -6.38 0.29 -2.3 NO 0.83 2-month

168 Paulina St. 12 X 12 -3.48 -2.6 -2.3 MWRD 26.96 2-month

Assuming TARP unavailable

freq

uen

cy

intensity

Current Level of Service (LOS): We provide a level of service for most storms. However, we do allow a number of WOS and WIB.

Current LOS

freq

uen

cy

intensity

Climate Change: Climate change is going to shift the intensity of storms to the right.

freq

uen

cy

intensity

Innovation

INVESTMENT: Indicates the level of innovation (knowledge, ordinances, GI, etc.) needed to reverse aging infrastructure, manage changes in storm intensity and maintain the same level of service.

Where should the bar be?Where should the bar be?

doing it differently

STOP