context as an antidote to information overloadffffffff-896a-a3c8-0000...context as an antidote to...
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Context as an antidote to information overload
Gail C. Murphy
University of British Columbia
Tasktop Technologies
Unless otherwise indicated on a particular slide, this work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 2.5 Canada License
Presented at MSA 2010 on
March 18, 2010
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warnings…
emerging thoughts
mixture of fact and fiction
definitions may be fuzzy
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Creative Commons license
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information
is everywhere
and is needed Slide not available under
Creative Commons license
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especially in programming
from 10,000 metres
10,000 Java files
26,000 Bugzilla bugs
45,000 newsgroup entries
eclipse 3.0
www.eclipse.org/eclipse/development/eclipse_3_0_stats.html
Java files
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especially in programming
from 1 metre
massive amounts of data available
changes every
54 seconds
(IBM group)
Fritz, Ou, Murphy and Murphy-Hill, ICSE 2010.
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fact 1: programmers face
an avalanche of information daily
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historical information can be helpful
recommendations
- previous change tasks
[Ĉubranić et. al, 2003] - methods that frequently change together [Zimmermann et. al, 2004]
- methods navigated together
[DeLine et. al, 2005]
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emerging information can be critical
changing web services
team awareness [Sarma et al, 03]
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fact 2: historical and emerging information
increase the avalanche
Now Historical Emerging
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programmers work with fragments of information
change sets are partial
Soloway et. al., 1988
Ko et. al., 2005
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fact 3: programmers work with small parts of
the avalanche
Now Historical Emerging
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fact 1 programmers face an avalanche of information daily
fact 2 historical and emerging
information increase the
avalanche
fact 3 programmers work with small
parts of the avalanche
information overload
Slide not available under
Creative Commons license
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the nature of work
tasks yesterday
knowledge ownership
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context
subset of (optionally decorated) structured information elements
tasks yesterday
knowledge ownership
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context
Mylyn
- gathering and representation
degree-of-knowledge (DOK)
- broader representation
information fragments - composition and presentation
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Mylyn – task context
built automatically as a programmer works
interest
each element in context decorated with degree-of-interest (DOI)
Kersten and Murphy, FSE 2006.
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Mylyn in action…
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Mylyn – task context
tasks
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fact 1 programmers face an avalanche
of information daily
fact 2 historical and emerging
information increase the avalanche
fact 3 programmers work with small parts of the avalanche
Mylyn – task context
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DOK – developer context
programmer 1
built automatically as a programmer works from interaction & authorship
each element decorated with degree-of-knowledge (DOK)
Fritz, Ou, Murphy and Murphy-Hill, ICSE 2010.
programmer 2
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DOK – developer context
authorship changes
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DOK – developer context
element interaction
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DOK – developer context
DOK(e, p): a*FA(e, p) + b*DL(e, p) - c*AC(e,p) + d *DOI(e,p)
e = element of interest FA = first authorship by programmer p
DL = deliveries by programmer p
AC = accepts by programmer p DOI = degree-of-interest
a, b, c, d are weightings
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DOK – developer context
expertise recommendation
study with 7 IBM developers
55% accuracy compared to
developer assessments of experts
for packages
11% better accuracy than existing
approaches on same data
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DOK – developer context
bug recommendation - can pick out pertinent
ones
programmer1 knowledge
model
bug 2234 bug 5588 bug 9221
changing bugs
with change sets
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DOK – developer context
programmer1DOK
programmer2DOK
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fact 1 programmers face an avalanche
of information daily
fact 2 historical and emerging
information increase the avalanche
fact 3 programmers work with small parts of the avalanche
DOK – developer context
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information fragments - composition and presentation
bugs fragment
team fragment
composed fragment
presentation 1 presentation 2
x
y z
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information fragments - composition and presentation
bugs
composer
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information fragments - composition and presentation
change sets composer
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information fragments - composition and presentation
source code
composer
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information fragments - composition and presentation
composer composer
what is my team working on?
what has changed in my code?
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information fragments - composition and presentation
18 industrial participants working on unfamiliar data set from industrial project
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information fragments - composition and presentation
interviewed 11 industrial developers
78 questions of interest - Who is working on what?
- What is the evolution of the code?
- Who is using the API I am about to change? …
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information fragments - composition and presentation
RSS feed for web service
API
bug changes
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information fragments - composition and presentation
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fact 1 programmers face an avalanche
of information daily
fact 2 historical and emerging
information increase the avalanche
fact 3 programmers work with small parts of the avalanche
information fragments - composition and presentation
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pervasive use of contexts (getting there)
tasks
developer model
information fragments
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pervasive use of contexts (future)
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pervasive use of contexts (future)
Task
s
Context Selection Concern
Summary
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three top challenges
automatic determination of context or pre-configured contexts for 98+% of cases
intuitive, low-effort user interfaces for applying and manipulating contexts
work with, share, trade, filter with contexts
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meghan allen john anvik elisa baniassad wesley coelho davor cubranic brian de alwis rob elves thomas fritz jan hannemann lyndon hiew reid holmes mik kersten shawn minto e murphy-hill jingwen ou martin robillard izzet safer david shepherd ducky sherwood p. viriyakattiyaporn annie ying robert walker and others!
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information is everywhere and is needed
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context as an antidote to information overload
Gail Murphy www.cs.ubc.ca/~murphy