contents · web viewaddresses the difficult challenge of integrating intermittent renewable energy...

iInnoEnergy – Thematic Field “Sustainable Nuclear and Renewable Energy Convergence” - Strategy and Roadmap v1

Energy storageEnergy efficiencyNuclear instrumentationStrategy and roadmap2015-2019

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Contents

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.................................................................................................................................3

1. Energy Storage for the integration of renewable energy production...................................................4

A. Market challenges and business drivers...........................................................................................4

B. Technologies to address those challenges.......................................................................................6

C. Roadmap Energy Storage for RES integration: Overview...............................................................13

D. Roadmap Energy Storage for RES integration: Details per topic selected......................................17

3. Energy Efficiency in the Industry........................................................................................................20

A. Market challenges and business drivers.........................................................................................20

B. Technologies to address those challenges.....................................................................................23

C. Roadmap Energy Efficiency in the Industry: Overview...................................................................25

D. Roadmap energy efficiency in the Industry: Details per topics selected........................................28

4. Nuclear Instrumentation....................................................................................................................31

A. Market challenges and business drivers.........................................................................................31

B. Technologies to address those challenges.....................................................................................31

C. Roadmap for Nuclear: Overview....................................................................................................33

D. Roadmap for Nuclear: Details per topic selected...........................................................................34

5. Annexes..............................................................................................................................................36

A.1 Dropped / modified / new topics vs V1............................................................................................36

A.2 List of participants in the Working Group........................................................................................37

References.................................................................................................................................................38

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

CC France’s thematic field is a wide, multipolar thematic. The strategy of KIC InnoEnergy France is to focus on three promising and impacting topics:

1. “Energy Storage for the integration of renewables” addresses the difficult challenge of integrating intermittent renewable energy sources into a centralized, programmable energy production mix. Among the wide portfolio of energy storage technologies, technologies that are best suited to the integration of renewables have been identified:

Priorities for Energy Storage for Renewables integration

Batteries (Li-ion, redox flow batteries…) Cross-Cutting Battery topics: BMS, safety,

recycling Power to Gas Hydrogen Storage Pumped Hydro Supercapacitors Flywheels Compressed Air

2. Energy Efficiency is a cross-cutting challenge that applies to all sectors of the economy and impacts the entire energy landscape, from the management of energy resources to the daily life of citizens. CC France is focused on the “Energy Efficiency in the Industry” segment. Priorities have been identified as:

Priorities for Energy Efficiency in the Industry

Energy management sensors and solutions for the industry

Heat recovery and heat valorization in industrial processes

Heat pumps and heat exchangers Electric motors, pumps and compressors HVAC systems

3. CC France is responsible for the nuclear roadmap of KIC InnoEnergy. Taking into account the KIC objective of short to medium term product commercialization and the post-Fukushima priorities for the nuclear industry, the choice was made to focus on Nuclear Instrumentation.

Priorities for Nuclear

Innovative Instrumentation and Measurement

Innovative Control / Command systems

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iInnoEnergy – Thematic Field “Sustainable Nuclear and Renewable Energy Convergence” - Strategy and Roadmap v1 of 41


1. Energy Storage for the integration of renewable energy production

A. Market challenges and business drivers

Energy Storage: Strong momentum in Europe and worldwide

Europe has set itself ambitious goals in terms of penetration of renewable energies in the production mix, reduction of CO2 emissions, and increase of energy efficiency. Energy storage is identified in the SET Plan as a key technology priority in order to bring more flexibility and security to the European Energy System1. Key economic industrial sectors (energy, transportation, buildings…) are involved in innovative energy storage solutions, worldwide. All major research organizations have put a lot of efforts on storage technologies. Based on the large technology portfolio, various energy storage business models can be developed, and many are still to be invented.

A widespread study by Fraunhofer Institute and EPRI, carried out in 2010, provided an estimation of the worldwide installed capacity for electric energy storage2. This estimation emphasized the overwhelming importance of pumped hydro energy storage (PHES), representing more than 99% of the total storage capacity. Some recent studies have since reported interesting evaluations of electricity storage value and potential market forecasts for other energy storage technologies3,4,5. All attempts at storage valuation require making assumptions on storage regulation, and most studies conclude that electricity storage is not viable under current regulatory frameworks. It remains however that energy storage will be a key pillar in the transition of the energy system towards a low-carbon mix, and Europe should keep a leading position in energy storage6.

Taking this into account, the EU recently started a number of initiatives in order to maintain its industrial excellence in large-scale storage and to recover a leadership in other small-scale storage technologies:

The EERA Joint Programme on Energy Storage was launched at the SET Plan Conference in Warsaw on Nov. 28th, 2011, with the goal to coordinate “research and development on next generation energy storage technologies […] to support the SET plan objectives and priorities and establish technological leadership in energy storage.

In September 2011, the European Association for Storage of Energy (EASE) was created with the objective to support “the deployment of energy storage as an indispensable instrument in order to improve the flexibility of and to deliver services to the energy system with respect to EU energy and climate policy”7.

EASE and EERA issued a joint roadmap8 in 2013

Energy storage roadmaps and strategic areas are also integrated in the SET-Plan at different levels, of which:

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The SET-Plan Materials Roadmap Enabling Low Carbon Energy Technologies9 (as described in the first part of this document), which includes a part on materials for energy storage,

The EERA Joint Programme on Energy Storage The European Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Joint Technology Initiative, aiming to accelerate R&D of

hydrogen-based technologies in a cost effective way, The EERA Joint Programme on Smart Grids, whose sub-programme SP4 is focused on electrical

energy storage10, The EERA Joint Programme on Smart Cities which considers further integration of storage in

support to sustainable, low-carbon cities concepts.

Energy storage applications and the convergence Nuclear - Renewables

The wide potential of applications of energy storage technologies has been explored in depth16,11,12,13,14.As described in Figure 1, energy storage applications can be classified in four main categories:

1 2 3 4

Energy services Renewable integrationTransmission &

distributionCustomer services

Electric energy time-shift (arbitrage)

Electric supply capacity

Black start Frequency

regulation Spinning, non-

spinning and supplemental reserves

Voltage support

Intermittent energy time-shift and firming

Limitation of upstream perturbations (smoothing & shaping)

Minimization or avoidance of curtailment

Transmission upgrade deferral

Distribution upgrade deferral

Voltage support Frequency regulation Transmission

congestion relief

Uninterruptible power supply

Time-of-use energy cost management

Demand charge management

Power quality

Figure 1: Main- and sub-categories of energy storage applications

In the framework of the roadmaps for the KIC InnoEnergy France’s thematic field (“Convergence Nuclear/Renewables”), the focus in the following will be on category N°2, i.e. energy storage for RES integration. The storage topic is also shared with the KIC InnoEnergy offices in Sweden (Smart Grids and Electric Storage), and in Benelux (Smart Cities and Smart Buildings).

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B. Technologies to address those challenges

The methodology adopted for the energy storage roadmaps was in six steps:

1. Draw a complete picture of energy storage applications (see previous paragraph)

2. Understand their requirements

3. Draw a complete picture of storage technologies

4. Understand their features (performances & cost)

5. Determine which technology is best suited for which application

6. Determine technologies to be inserted in the roadmaps

Understanding the requirements of energy applications also allows classifying the applications into two large types:

Power related applications: need high power output for short periods of time (typically, seconds to less than an hour)

Energy related applications: need large amount of stored energy, for discharge durations of up to several hours.

Step 1: Complete picture of energy storage applications

The complete picture of energy storage applications is sketched in Figure 1. It relies on a compilation of several widely referenced reports (in particular by EPRI, Sandia Labs, IEA, EASE, ENEA Consulting, SLB Consulting).

Step 2: Understanding the requirements of energy storage applications

The requirements of all energy storage applications, based on a compilation of the above mentioned widely referenced reports, are listed in Table 1.

The requirements for the application “Renewable Integration” are highlighted in orange color.

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Category Application Power Discharge Time Cycles/year

Energy services

Arbitrage 1 MW - 500 MW < 1 hour 250 +

Electric supply capacity 1 MW - 500 MW 2 hours – 6 hours 5 - 100

Black start 5 MW – 50 MW 15 min – 1 hour 10 - 20

Frequency regulation 10 MW – 40 MW 15 min to 1 hour 250 – 10000

Power reserves 10 MW – 100 MW 15 min – 1 hour 20 - 50

Renewable integration

Intermittent energy time-shift and firming 1 MW – 400 MW 2 – 10 hours 300 – 500

Limitation of upstream perturbations (smoothing & shaping) 1 MW - 500 MW Min - 2 hours 5000

Curtailment minimization 1MW – 400 MW 2 – 10 hours 300 – 500

Transmission & distribution

Transmission upgrade deferral 10 MW – 100 MW 2 – 8 hours 10 - 50

Distribution upgrade deferral 500 kW – 10 MW 1 – 4 hours 50 - 100

Voltage support 500 kW – 10 MW 1 – 4 hours 50 - 100

Frequency regulation 10 MW – 40 MW 15 min to 1 hour 250 – 10,000

Transmission congestion relief 1 – 100 MW 1 – 4 hours 50 – 100

Customer energy management

services

Uninterruptible power supply 1 – 60 kW Min to 4 hours

Time-of-use energy cost management 1 kW – 1 MW 1 – 6 hours 50 - 250

Demand charge management 50 kW – 10 MW 1 – 4 hours 50 - 500

Power quality 100 kW – 10 MW 10 s – 15 min 10 - 200

Table 1: Technical requirements for each energy storage application

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Step 3: Complete picture of storage technologies

The portfolio of energy storage technologies is depicted in Figure 2, where all energy storage technologies have been placed along a horizontal Technology Readiness Level (TRL) scale, and vertically positioned depending on their “energy” or “power” type.

Figure 2: the portfolio of energy storage technologies [after ref. 15 & 1]

Step 4: Understanding the features of each technology (performances and costs)

The features of all technologies depicted in Figure 2 are listed in Table 2 and 3. The features considered are Power rating, Energy rating, Round-trip Efficiency, Lifetime (number of cycles), power cost in €/kW and energy cost in €/kWh. For thermal storage technologies, figures are extracted from IEA16.

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Power Rating Energy Rating Power Capex (€/kW)

Energy Capex (€/kWh)

Round Trip Efficiency (%)

Number of cycles / Lifetime

Pumped Hydro 100 MW – 1 GW 10 GWh 350 - 1500 70 - 150 70 - 8525,000 cycles50 – 60 years

CAES 10 – 300 MW200 MWh – 1GWh

400 - 2000 50 – 200 50 25,000 cycles30 years

Fly wheels100 kW – 20 MW

0,5 – 10 kWh 500 - 2000 1000 - 3500 70 - 95100,000 cycles

H2 + FCell 1 KW – 10 MW 10 kWh – 10 GWh

6,000 < 500 25 – 35 103 cycles / 5–10 years

SMES 10 kW – 5 MW 1 – 10 kWh 100-400 7000 - 10 000 951,000,000 cycles

Super Cap 10 kW – 5 MW 1 – 5 kWh 1000 – 2000 10,000+ 90 - 95500,000 cycles

Li – ion 1 kW – 10 MW 1 – 20 MWh 1000 – 3000 500 – 1000 90 - 95800 – 3,000 cycles

NaS < 10 MW < 10 MWh 2000 – 3000 300 - 500 75 4,500 cycles

NaNiCl2

ZEBRA50 kW – 1 MW

120 kWh – 5 MWh

100-200 70-150 902,500 – 3,000 cycles

VRB Flow Cell 50 kW – 1 MW < 10 MWh 2500 100-1000 8510,000 cycles

ZnBr Flow Cell 5 kW – 1 MW < 50 MWh 1200-1500 250 -1000 6510,000 cycles

Zn/air 1 MW 5.4 MWh 1300 – 1400 240 – 260 75 4500 cycles

Lead Acid 1 kW – 20 MW < 40 MWh 200-650 50-300 75 – 90200 – 1,500 cycles

Table 2: Main features of energy storage technologies [see references below]

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References for Table 2:

Joint EASE/EERA recommendations for a European Energy Storage Technology Development Roadmap Towards 2030.

“ Le Stockage d'Energie : Enjeux, Solutions techniques et opportunités de valorisation ”. ENEA-Consulting (March 2012)

“DOE/EPRI 2013 Electricity Storage Handbook in Collaboration with NRECA”, Sandia report (July 2013)

“DTU International Energy Report 2013 - ENERGY STORAGE OPTIONS FOR FUTURE SUSTAINABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS”, (November 2013).

Table 3: Main features of thermal energy storage technologies [after ref. 17]

Step 5: Which technology for the “RES integration” application?

The determination of which technology is best suited for the “RES Integration” application is performed by crossing the technical requirements of “RES integration” (Step 2) and the technology features (Step 4). Results are summarized in Table 4. For each technology, the compliance with the application requirement is appreciated along a scale from „very adequate” (++) to „inadequate” (--).

From this analysis, the following conclusions can be drawn:

1. Technologies such as Pumped hydro, CAES, batteries, hydrogen storage, and Power to Gas are very well adapted to energy applications like time shifting, capacity firming, and avoidance of curtailment:

2. Flywheels, SMEs and Super Capacitors are very well adapted to the power applications like the limitation of upstream perturbations.

3. Batteries technologies such as Li-ion and Lead Acid are adapted to both power and energy applications.

4. Thermal storage is adapted to time shifting for example in the case of solar CSP

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Renewable integration

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Application segment inRenewable integration

→ Technology ↓

Intermittent energy time-shift and firmingAvoidance or minimization of curtailment

[Energy application]

Limitation of upstream perturbations (smoothing & shaping)

[Power application]

Mechanical Storage

Pumped Hydro + + - -

CAES + + -

Flywheel - - + +

Electrochemical &

Electromagnetic Storage

Li ion + +

NaS + -

ZEBRA (NaNiCl2) + -

VRB Flow Cell + -

ZnBr Flow Cell + -

Lead Acid + +

Zn / Air + -

Super Capacitors - - + +

SMEs - - + +

Chemical storageH2 + -

Power to Gas ++ - -

Thermal storage + (for CSP)

Table 4 : Adequacy of each technology to the technical requirements of the integration of renewables, from inadequate (--) to very adequate (++)

Step 6: Determining priority developments

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Steps 1 to 6 allow assessing the technical compliance of technologies versus application’s requirement specifications. In accordance with the other KIC InnoEnergy key impact assessment factors, two other parameters are to be taken into account: technology maturity and costs.

Technology maturity: as shown in Figure 2, most of the technologies selected in Step 5 are characterized by a TRL greater than 5. Only SMEs have low maturity and will be left aside the roadmap. Some technologies are even fully commercial (TRL 8-9). The selected technologies are therefore compliant with the KIC InnoEnergy target of ensuring the shortest time to market.

Investment cost: Pumped Hydro and CAES are known for high capital investment, but low cost of output energy. Other technologies, such as Flywheels and Supercapacitors, are today rather low performing in terms of power cost (€/kW). However, these two technologies are very well designed for voltage and frequency regulation and small scale renewable integration. Future systems based on these technologies may become less costly when products become more standardized and engineering costs have been removed7. Eventual KIC InnoEnergy projects involving these technologies should therefore target dramatic cost reduction.

Technologies to be included in the roadmaps “Energy Storage for RES integration”

Relying on the six steps methodology applied above, the selected set of technologies to be included in the roadmap “Energy Storage for RES integration” is the following:

Application in RES integration Technology

Capacity firmingCurtailment minimization(energy applications)

Pumped Hydro Storage (PHS)Compressed Air energy Storage (CAES)Power-to-GasHydrogenBatteriesCross-cutting battery topics (BMS, safety, recycling)

Limitation of upstream perturbations (smoothing & shaping)(power applications)

FlywheelsSupercapacitors

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C. Roadmap Energy Storage for RES integration: Overview

2020

Cha

lleng

esPr

oduc

ts &

Ser

vice

s

Batteries:

Batteries: Cross-Cutting topics

2012 2014 2016 2018 2020

References: Joint EASE/EERA recommendations for a European Energy Storage Technology Development Roadmap Towards 2030.Materials Roadmap Enabling Low Carbon Energy Technologies (SEC(2011) 1609 final) “DOE/EPRI 2013 Electricity Storage Handbook in Collaboration with NRECA”, Sandia report (July 2013)

Target 2020-2030

Manage the increasing share of decentralized and non-programmable Renewable Energy Sources in the production mix (20% in 2020)

Ensure the economic feasibility of such a share of RES Foster synergies with other Energy storage applications in order to take advantage of economies of scale and decrease

OPEX and CAPEX

Li- ion:Energy version: ca. 180-350 Wh/kg ; 350-800 Wh/L ; > 10000 cycles ; -20°C to +70°C ; ca. 200 €/kWh ;Power version: > 5 kW/kg ; 170-220 Wh/L ; > 5000 cycles ; -20°C to +70°C ; ca 20 €/kW i.e. LTO < 10 €/kgRedox Flow:20-40Wh/kg ; > 10,000 cycles ; T° >100°CEnergy cost 120 €/kWh; Power cost 250-300 €/kWNiZn:60-140 Wh/kg up to 80-200 Wh/kg ; 80-450Wh/L up to 100-600Wh/L ; > 6,000 - 8,000 cycles Energy cost < 250-1,000 €/kWh ; -40 to +70°CLead acid:Energy cost < 150-100 €/kWh or < < 0.08-0.04 €/kWh/cycle; -30 to +60°C ; > 3,000 (80% DoD)60-100 Wh/kg and 140-250 Wh/LNaS:>10,000 complete charge/discharge cycles2020: 1,480€/kW; 2030: 1,110€/kW2020: 0.007–0.20€/kWh/cycle

Li-ion

Energy storage for RES integration

NaS

Redox Flow

BMS

Recycling

Extension of operating temperature rangeExtension of lifetime

Recycling of Lithium Metal Polymer batteries

Lead Acid

NiZn

Safety

FLOWBOX Project

SATIS Project phase 1

PENLIB project

Li Metal Polymer

PENLIB Project

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2012 2014 2016 2018 2020

Target 2020-2030

Prod

ucts

& S

ervi

ces

Power to Gas – hydrogen production

Pumped hydro

Alkaline Technology:Density: 0.1–1 A/cm2 ; T°C: ambient – 150; P: 1-350 bDurability (h): > 105; cyclability: improvedProduction capacity of electrolysis: > 100 kg/hour (≈ 1000 Nm3/hour); Non-energy cost (€/kg H2): 2PEM Technology Density: 0-2 A/cm2; T°C: 80-120; P: 1-350 barDurability (h): 104 – 5.104

Production capacity of electrolysis units: > 10 kg/hour (≈ 100 Nm3/hour)Energy (kWh/kg H2 at 80°C, 1 A.cm-2): < 50Non-energy cost (€/kg H2): 2ElectrolyserFor the complete system with today’s technology Alkaline and PEM electrolysers should reach levels below 1000€/kW (alkaline ~400-500€/kW, PEM ~500-800€/kW). New types of material (e.g. polymer membranes) currently in R&D status have the potential to further lower the electrolyser system costs. High temperature electrolysers that are still in R&D status should be able to reach cost levels of 1500€/kW by 2030.

New advancements of Pumped Hydro Storage technology in terms of flexibility or development potentialMaterials radical redesign & research on power electronic components; turbine efficiency improvement, etc

Advanced alkaline electrolysers

R&D on advanced materials, turbine , alternators and water pumped storage


Polymer exchange membranes (PEM) Technology

High Temperature Electrolysers

Compressed air

Diabatic CAES

Adiabatic CAES (AA-CAES)

R&D on isothermal compression

Advanced adiabatic materials for high T° thermal storage: stable, resistant, cheap, high heat capacity, good conductivity & low degradationDemonstration of huge thermal energy storage with new media and container to resist pressure (>200-300 bars) and thermal stresses (gradients >600°C)Liquefied gas systems capital cost/demonstration of thermalThermal Energy Storage unit cost > 20 to 30€/kWh depending on storage capacity

MINERVE Project

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ccccc

2012 2014 2016 2018 2020

Target 2020-2030

Prod

ucts

& S

ervi

ces

Hydrogen storageMaterials for the storage of pressurised H2Develop new and innovative materials with improved mechanical properties; Reduce costs; Develop vessel concepts and manufacturing processes including safety aspects.17-33 kg H2/m3; 3 - 4.8 wt % (system); P (bar): 350 & 700; T (K): Ambient; Cost ($/kg H2) 400-700

Materials for large scale storage of pressurised H2 Investigate material corrosion issues due to the specific environment and ageing of buried tanks

Metal hydrides & physio-sorption:Enhance gravimetric capacities at temperatures as close to ambient as possible; develop energy efficient, compact and cost effective materials operating at low pressures; investigate and understand doping effect;Upscale novel nano-structured materials;< 150 kg H2/m3; 2 – 6.7 wt % (material); P (bar): 1–30; T (K): ambient – 553; Cost ($/ kg H2) >500

Chemical hydrides: Develop cost efficient off-board regeneration methods; investigate the applicability of liquid organic carriers with emphasis on refueling and infrastructure aspects 30 kg H2/m3; 3-5 wt %( system); P (bar): 1; T (K): 353-473; Cost ($/kg H2) 160-270

Complex hydrides: Develop novel materials with improved reversibility, thermodynamics, and kinetics features; destabilization of high temperature hydrides< 120 kg H2/m3; 4.5–6.7 wt % (material); P (bar): 1 – 50; T (K): 423–573; Cost ($/kg H2)300-450

Hybrid storage: pressure + adsorptionDevelop materials for innovative concepts like solid-pressurized H2 storage; to optimize container capability by introducing inside adsorbed (carbon materials, zeolites, metal-organic frameworks) High pressure-solid: 40 kg H2/m3; 2 wt % (system); P (bar): 350; T (K): 243 – 298

High pressure hydrogen storage:Materials for the storage of pressurised H2 and for large scale storage of pressurised H2


HYCUBE project

Hybrid storage: pressure + adsorption

Demonstration

Validation

Proof of concept

Low pressure hydrogen storage: Metal hybrids & physio-sorption, chemical hydrids, complex hydrids

HIPHONE Project

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Target 2020-2030

Prod

ucts

& S

ervi

ces

Power applications Flywheels: Decrease consumption of maintaining, Cost reduction, Mastering of gyroscopic effects, Development of lighter polymeric composite wheels to increase rotational speeds;Reduced friction, higher rotation speed for higher energy storage (>10kWh)Large systems demonstration with strong materials like composites to resist the centrifugal forcesRotor manufacturing cost reduction <3000 €/kWh

Super-capacitors and ultra-capacitors: Focus on nano-carbon materials as a promising route to increase energy and power densities.Efforts are on improved capacitance and control of pore size ; increasing the cycle of life and the charge-discharge operations.>10-15 Wh/kg ca. c€/FMore precisely and challenging: much less than 1 Eurocent/F, corresponding to an energy cost of less than 3 €/Wh and a power cost of less than 0,3 €/W, specific performances: >10-15 Wh/kg, while maintaining similar high power capability and long cycle life as current ECs.

Flywheels


Super-capacitors and ultra-capacitors

Thermal storage 2020: A specific investment cost for compact latent heat and thermo-chemical storage below 50 €/kWh.

Increase hot temperature of molten salt storage systemIntegrating new molten salt material with new heat transfer fluids to reduce LCOE

CSP, reduction for storage investment costs is expected from 35 €/kWhth now to 15 €/kWhth by 2020.

Innovative materials for molten salt thermal storage

Innovative thermal storage systems for CSP

2012 2014 2016 2018 2020

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C. Roadmap Energy Storage for RES integration: Details per topic selected

Details and impact assessment per selected technologies are presented in Table 5.

Topic Economic and social impact comments

Cost

dec

reas

e

Ope

rabi

lity

GHG

dec

reas

e

Batteries

Lithium Batteries are a fast developing technology, driven by automotive applications. Redox Flow batteries show promising performances. Targets now are to decrease costs, increase energy density and safety.

Cross-cutting topics on batteries

Whatever the chemistry involved, safety is a major issue for batteries, as well as recycling. Battery management systems have a strong impact on the battery lifetime.

Power To Gas - Hydrogen production

This technology is particularly well adapted to a flexible management of excess decarbonized electricity from either wind or solar. Easy storage in gas grids.

Pumped Hydro

Mature technology; still high potential in northern Europe (Norway), and oustside Europe.

Compressed Air

In CAES systems the energy is stored mechanically, usually in underground caverns, by compressing air from the atmosphere. Future dvpts deal with adiabatic CAES

Hydrogen Storage

Hydrogen Storage is driven by both stationnary and mobile applications. Interest for renewables integration lies in stationnary storage, with hydrides as the most promising.

Flywheels

Relies on storage of rotating kinetic energy. High cyclability, high energy effi ciency and fast response time: well adapted to power applications, i.e. voltage and frequency regulation.

Supercapacitors

Store electricity in the form of an electrostatic field between two electrodes. Well adapted to voltage & frequency regulation, VAR support and harmonic correction.

Thermal Storage

Within the scope of renewables integration, thermal storage has a direct application in Concentrated Solar Power. R&D efforts are on new materials and innovative systems for CSP.

7

8

8

9

9

7

7

6

6

Soci

etal

acc

epta

nce

2. Energy storage for RES integrationTR

L-Le

vel (

1-9)

Cove

rage

of v

alue

chai

n by

KIC

pa

rtne

rs

KIC

indu

stry

inte

rest

Energy Storage is a key element for the energy transition worldwide and a major potential source of jobs in the European industry.

The wide portfolio of technologies available allows

Lithium batteries are also driven by the Electric Vehicle, therefore high cost reduction potential exists.

Power to Gas is a very promising route for storage by conversion of excess electricity from renewables, relying on gas grids for storage and opening the way for new business models.

Pumped hydro still has potential in Europe but more importantly, represents a huge market for European companies particularly in Asia and South America.

Hydrogen storage is gaining more and more interest in the industry and is also linked to the fuel cells market.

Technologies suitable to power applications (flywheels, supercap) will allow a faster penetration of renewables by addressing power quality issues of non-programmable energy sources.

Thermal storage is an important factor for thepenetration of Solar CSP into the energy mix and therefore also contributes to lower GHG emission.

5 6 77 6 7 8 8 8

4

6 6 7 7 4 4 5 4 4

6 8

9 8 8 8 6 5 6 2

6 8 9

5 6 7 8 8 8 8

8

9

7 8 887

9 7 8 8 7

87 8

Cros

s Im

pact

in se

vera

l ap

plic

ation

s

Impact in

Inv(

Fore

seea

ble

regu

lato

ry

impa

ct)

Inv(

Requ

ired

Inve

stm

ent)

6 7 7 7 4 3 8 7 5

6 6 6 6 7 5 8 7 5

8 6 7 7 8 6 8 7 5

Table 5: Technologies for energy storage for RES integration - Details and Impact Assessment

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Assessment on “Impactability” of selected topic:

The scores attributed to each energy storage technology, listed in Table 8, are plotted in the radar graphs below:

0

2

4

6

8

10TRL-Level (1-9)

Cost decrease

Operability

GHG decrease

Coverage of value chain by KIC partners

KIC industry interest

Inv(Foreseeable regulatory impact)

Inv(Required Investment)

Cross Impact in several applications

Societal acceptance

Energy Storage for RES integration (1/2)

Batteries

Cross-cutting topics on batteries

Power To Gas - Hydrogen production

Pumped Hydro

Hydrogen Storage

Figure 3: Radar graph of impact attributes for Energy Storage for RES integration

0

2

4

6

8

10TRL-Level (1-9)

Cost decrease

Operability

GHG decrease

Coverage of value chain by KICpartners

KIC industry interest

Inv(Foreseeable regulatoryimpact)

Inv(Required Investment)

Cross Impact in severalapplications

Societal acceptance

Energy Storage for RES integration (2/2)

Flywheels

Supercapacitors

Thermal Storage

Compressed Air

Figure 4: Radar graph of impact attributes for Energy Storage for RES integration

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Comments and conclusions:

The scores for the various parameters are quite scattered, indicating that each technology has its specificity. This reflects the versatility of the energy storage technologies portfolio. A consequence of this is the absence of “golden technology” that would comply with all requirements.

Priority topics with the widest areas are: Batteries (Li-ion, redox flow batteries…) Cross-Cutting Battery topics: BMS, safety, recycling Power to Gas Hydrogen Storage Pumped Hydro Supercapacitors Flywheels Compressed Air

Industry value chain necessary

The value chain for batteries, power to gas, and hydrogen storage, are taken into account in the management of the current energy storage innovation projects mentioned on the roadmaps. Major European companies are onboard regarding these technologies.

Taking into account the results of the KIC InnoEnergy Competence Mapping V2, in the next coming years new partners should jump into new storage projects, in order to reinforce KIC InnoEnergy’s position in storage; possible partners include :

Siemens (PHES, CAES, Flywheels, Supercapacitors, Phase Change Materials for thermal storage) Alstom (PHES, CAES) Bosch, SAFT (batteries) Air Liquide (Hydrogen) Material companies involved in thermal storage (see section 1)

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3. Energy Efficiency in the Industry


Energy Efficiency: a cross-cutting area at the convergence of KIC InnoEnergy’s objectives

“Energy efficiency is the most cost effective way to reduce emissions, improve energy security and competitiveness, make energy consumption more affordable for consumers as well as create employment, including in export industries”

(European Commission, COM (2010) 639 final)

“Energy efficiency is the winning strategy to simultaneously address a variety of policy objectives, including security of supply, climate change, competitiveness, balance of trade, reduced investment need and environmental protection”

(Energy Efficiency: A Recipe for Success, World Energy Council, 2010)

Improving energy efficiency in all sectors of the economy is fundamental and urgent. It has the greatest potential for CO2 savings and the lowest cost (in most cases negative costs).Energy efficiency can deliver results quickly. But our analysis of recent efficiency trends shows that the past ten years’ performance in IEA member countries has declined to about half the rate of improvement in previous decades. A fundamental turn-around is needed.

(« Towards a Sustainable Energy Future », IEA in support of the G8, 2008)

Energy Efficiency (EE) has now become a major pillar of the energy policy in many countries worldwide. The reason for this interest is that EE is not only about energy savings. As well depicted in Figure 5, energy efficiency finally results in increasing competitiveness, ensuring security of supply and reducing environmental impacts of our activities.

Energy Efficiency and the European Union

In the past recent years, as shown in Figure 6, projections of the primary energy consumption in the EU indicated that the EU was not on track to meet its 20% energy saving target by 2020. Most recent projections indicate that we are approaching the target, but projections are very sensitive to the time range considered for their calculation. A gap is still to be filled between the projected consumption for 2020 and the “3x20” target (1474 Mtoe).

To cope with this gap, the EU initiated a number of actions17, among which:

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The Energy Efficiency Plan, adopted in 2011, The Energy Efficiency Fund (EEF)18, launched in 2011, The new Energy Efficiency Directive, entered into force on 4 December 2012. Most of its

provisions will have to be implemented by the Member States by 5 June 2014.

Figure 5: Energy Efficiency: benefits for the society, the economy and the environment19

Figure 6: EU’s projections20 on primary energy consumption as compared with the 20% European EE target

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These EU initiatives globally tackle the most consuming sectors of the economy, which are often the most important sources of CO2 emissions as shown in Figure 7. Accordingly, the recently adopted European Directive on Energy Efficiency especially targets four main sectors: buildings, transports, industry, and energy.

Source: Eurostat, 2010

2%

14%

27%

25%

32%

Final energy consumption in EU-27, 2010

Agriculture

Services

Households

Industry

Transport

Source: Eurostat

2%

14%

27%

25%

32%


Agriculture

Services

Households

Industry

Transport

Source: Eurostat


Source: Eurostat, 2011

Figure 7: EU final energy consumption and CO2 emissions by sector

The main new measures in the new Energy Efficiency Directive include21:

The obligation on Member States to achieve certain amount of final energy savings over the obligation period (01 January 2014 – 31 December 2020) by using energy efficiency obligations schemes or other targeted policy measures to drive energy efficiency improvements in households, industries and transport sectors.

The obligation for large enterprises to carry out an energy audit at least every four years, with a first energy audit at the latest by 5 December 2015. Incentives for SMEs to undergo energy audits to help them identify the potential for reduced energy consumption.

Efficiency in energy generation: monitoring of efficiency levels of new energy generation capacities, national assessments for co-generation and district heating potential and measures for its uptake to be developed by 31 December 2015, including recovery of waste heat, demand side resources to be encouraged.

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More globally, Energy Efficiency is a typical cross-cutting domain that also encompasses important applications sectors such as agriculture and the emblematic data centers. The potential scope of applications of Energy Efficiency is therefore very large:

Manufacturing industry Power plants Data centers Buildings Transport Agriculture

The technologies involved in these application sectors are also very diverse. In order to efficiently tackle the energy efficiency roadmaps, focus is necessary.

Energy Efficiency in Buildings is addressed by the thematic field “Intelligent, Energy Efficient Buildings and Cities”.

The roadmaps in the next section will focus on energy efficiency in the industry. The industrial sector accounts for a third of world energy consumption and nearly 40% of CO2 emissions. According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), energy efficiency would allow 57% of the global CO2 savings to be achieved by 2030 and represents nearly 40% of the savings available in the industrial sector22.

With this focus on buildings and manufacturing industry, KIC InnoEnergy roadmaps in Energy Efficiency will take into account these two sectors which, in the EU, cover more than half the final energy consumption, as well as at least one third of CO2 emissions.


As shown in Figure 7, in 2010 the industrial sector consumed a quarter of the final energy in the EU . In 2011 in France, final energy consumption amounted to 155.6 Mtoe, of which 21.1% in industry. At national level, the most consuming industries are chemicals, iron and steel and food processing.

Energy efficiency in the industry addresses two main issues:

the industrial processes themselves, and the transverse operations

Process technologies include all industrial processes in place in high energy-intensive industries such as cement, iron & steel, pulp and paper industries. Manufacturers in these sectors have developed a deep understanding of their processes, firstly driven by costs optimization targets. It is challenging to explore to what extent their specific improvements can be adapted to other industrial areas and to open channels for a transversal flow of knowledge23.

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Transverse operations in the industry include all equipment commonly used in many industries, such as:

Electric motors, pumps, and compressed air Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) Heat pumps & heat exchangers Lighting

Transverse operations are a major part of energy consumption in the industry. This part was estimated in in France at the amount of 64 TWh with more than 40 TWh in electricity.24

Figure 8 shows the share of each type of transverse operations for various industrial sectors. In a number of sectors (food, automotive…) the share of process technology is effectively very low compared transverse operations. Moreover, even in sectors where processes are highly energy intensive (metals), the weight of transverse operations is never negligible.

Source: Ademe, 2009

KIC InnoEnergy | Boosting Innovation for Sustainable Energy | CCAV | Laurent Thibaudeau 10Figure 8: Share of electricity demand in various industrial sectors

*CCTs = Cross-Cutting Technologies

A comprehensive study performed by Fraunhofer ISI (2012) has evaluated the total energy saving potentials in the EU27 in the industry sector (see figure next slide): final energy consumption could be reduced by 26% in 2030 and 52% in 2050, with a major contribution coming from CCTs.

Based on these results, the following topics are identified for the roadmap “Energy Efficiency in the Industry”: Electric motors, pumps and compressed air; energy management sensors and solutions, heat pumps and heat exchangers, HVAC; heat recovery and heat valorization in industrial processes.

CCTs*

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C. Roadmap Energy Efficiency in the Industry: Overview

References: ADEME/TOTAL CfP on Energy efficiency in the Industry, 2011 Strategic Technology Roadmap, METI,http://www.iae.or.jp/2100/main.pdf Northwest energy efficiency Technology Roadmap Portfolio, 2012 ADEME: French know-how in the field of energy efficiency in industry, July 2013) J.O. de la République Française: efficacité énergétique : un gisement d’économies ; un objectif prioritaire (2013) Total/ADEME/ENEA Consulting : l’efficacité énergétique dans l’industrie : verrous et besoins et R&D (May 2012) National energy efficiency technology roadmap portfolio (march 2013) The heat recovery potential in the French industry: which opportunities for heat pump systems? (2009) Techno-economic survey of Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) systems (2013)

Electric Motors

Pumps and Compressed air

Prod

ucts

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ervi

ces

2020

Cha

lleng

es

2012 2014 2016 2018 2020

Development of Highly Efficient Motors and Pumps

Variable-Speed Drive (VSD)

Energy Efficiency in the Industry

Compressed air

Foster innovation in transverse operations (cross-cutting technologies) and support the installation of industrial demonstrators

Enable shorter paybacks and a wider adoption of Energy Efficiency measures in the industry

Pumping

Targets

Electric motors70% of electricity consumption in industry comes from motors

● Energy-efficient motors: EC regulation 640/2009. (IE1: standard efficiency; IE2: high efficiency; IE3: "premium" efficiency; IE4: category under development, although motors are already coming to market). Since June 2011, motors must exceed at least the IE2 efficiency threshold and must reach the IE3 threshold by 2017.

● Incorporating VSDs into applications such as fans, pumps, and cooling towers can reduce energy use up to 50% at partial loads by matching motor speed to the changing load and system requirements

Compressed airPotential savings of about 25%. The improvements involve:● The production unit, with variable speed compressors,● The distribution network, where leaks constitute the biggest source of losses● Global reflection about compressed air requirements, adjusting production with consumers,

Pumping● High-performance equipment, selecting high-efficiency motors and pumps of the correct size;● The hydraulic system, including sizing pipes correctly, closing unused sections, closing leaks, purging air;● Regulation, including electronic speed regulation and stopping equipment

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http://www.iae.or.jp/2100/main.pdf


Targets


Real-Time Smart Electric Power Measurement of Facilities- Data collection, analysis, customer feedback systems to optimize whole system energy performance- Developing standards for measuring facility energy use and standardize energy measurement.- Automated fault diagnostics detection.

Smart Device-Level Controls Responsive to User and Environment- Standardized wireless communication systems, i.e., WiFi, Zigbee, Home plug, Z-wave- Sensors that integrate with other control systems (lighting, HVAC)

Easy / Simple User Interface Controls- User interface for demand response and load shifting- User-friendly energy management systems

Low-Cost Savings Verification Techniques- Universal software protocol for monitoring and verification (M&V) to increase the reliability of measurements from complex systems, simplify implementation, and reduce costs for savings verification procedures.- Low cost embedded energy use sensors and communication for real time monitoring of finely disaggregated end uses

Thermodynamic machines able to supply heat at high temperature (60-140°C)

Improvement of heat exchangers (lifetime, heat transfer, operational conditions, materials, modularity)

2012 2014 2016 2018 2020

Prod

ucts

& S

ervi

ces

Energy Management Sensors and Solutions

Heat Pumps and Heat Exchangers

Improvement of Heat Pumps performance and adaptation to high temperature

Plant Low Energy Sleep Modes (PLESMO Project)

Real-time Smart Electric Power Measurement of Facilities

News methods and services for the monitoring of industrial equipment and processes

Improvement of Heat Exchangers performance/efficiency

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Reduce heating and cooling loads without negatively affect indoor air quality. Ventilation systems are big energy consumers, as the motors that require ventilators are often very powerful.

Improvements include: higher-performance equipment (energy-efficient motors and correctly-sized ventilators); appropriate sizing of the air processing system, reducing head loss in the network etc.; regulation (e.g. electronic speed regulators or stopping equipment).

Recovery of waste heat in the industrial processes, with re-use as thermal, mechanical, or electrical energy

Need to have short payback times (2-3 years)

ORC cyclesORC can play a non-negligible role for a decrease in the energy intensity of buildings and industry.

ORC is a mature technology for WHR, biomass CHP.Systems are mainly installed in the MW power range and very few ORC plants exist in the kW power range.

- Heat recovery on mechanical equipment and industrial processes: at low temperature, to convert heat into electricity (a potential of 3000MWe is estimated for power generation from industrial waste heat in Europe (EU-12)).

- Heat recovery on internal combustion engines.

The goal should be to increase the ORC efficiency (typically 16%) beyond 20%.

2012 2014 2016 2018 2020

Targets

Prod

ucts

& S

ervi

ces

Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC)

Heat Recovery and Heat Valorization in industrial processes

Innovative Waste Heat Recovery components and systems

HVAC system optimization

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KIC InnoEnergy – Thematic Field “Sustainable Nuclear and Renewable Energy Convergence” - Strategy and Roadmap v1

D. Roadmap energy efficiency in the Industry: Details per topics selected

Details per application selected:Details and impact assessment per selected technologies are presented in Table 6.


Cost

dec

reas

e

Ope

rabi

lity

GHG

dec

reas

e

Electric Motors, Pumps and Compressed Air

Includes highly effi cient motors and pumps (decrease all physical sources of energy losses). Variable Speed Drive has a very high potential - up to 50% energy savings.

HVAC

Optimization of HVAC systems allows reducing energy consumption by 30% with short ROI. Main measures include decreasing losses and optimizing control.

Energy Management Sensors and Solutions

Relying on sensors and actuators networks, integrated solutions bring high benefit to industrial utilities. Efforts are put on the development of monitoring protocols.

Heat Recovery and Heat Valorization in Industrial Processes

Includes recycling energy back into the process, recovering energy for other on-site uses, or using it to generate electricity in CHP systems or by thermoelectricity.


Opportunities for improvement include improved heat transfer coeffi cients, choice and distribution of fluids, improvement of reliability (cleaning, corrosion resistance)

Soci

etal

acc

epta

nce

8

9

9

8

8

TRL-

Leve

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9)

Cove

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of v

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KIC

pa

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KIC

indu

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Cros

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pact

in se

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plic

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s

Impact in

Inv(

Fore

seea

ble

regu

lato

ry

impa

ct)

Inv(

Requ

ired

Inve

stm

ent)

3. Energy Efficiency in the Industry

7 9 7 8 7 6 8 7 8

6 7 6 7 5 6 8 6 8

7 8 8 7 8 8 7 7 8

6 8 6 8 6 7 8

7 7 6 8 5 6

5 8

8 6 8

“Energy effi ciency is the most cost effective way to reduce emissions, improve energy security and competitiveness, make energy consumption more affordable for consumers as well as create employment, including in export industries” (COM(2010) 639 final)

Energy effi ciency is a major topic in the SET-Plan, as witnessed by the recent approval of the Energy Effi ciency Directive by the European Parliament.

With 24% of the final energy consumption and 60% of CO2 emissions, the European industry represents a huge area for the emergence of new products and solutions; this is particularly true in transverse operations as the solutions can apply in several industrial sectors.

Table 6: Technologies and applications of Energy Efficiency in the Industry - Details and Impact Assessment

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Assessment on “Impactability” of selected topic:The scores attributed to each energy storage technology, listed in Table 6, are plotted in the radar graph below:

0

2

4

6

8

10TRL-Level (1-9)

Cost decrease

Operability

GHG decrease

Coverage ofvalue chain byKIC partners

KIC industryinterest

Inv(Foreseeableregulatory

impact)

Inv(RequiredInvestment)

Cross Impact inseveral

applications

Societalacceptance

Energy Efficiency in the transverse operations in industry

Electric Motors, Pumps andCompressed Air

HVAC

Energy Management Sensors andSolutions

Heat Recovery and HeatValorization in Industrial Processes



The scores for the various parameters are high and not much scattered, indicating the great importance of each of these energy efficiency technologies.

Prioritization for Energy Efficiency in the Industry from scoring is as follows (all 5 topics retained for next future activities)

1. Energy Management Sensors and Solutions2. Heat Recovery and Valorization in Industrial Processes3. Heat Pumps and Heat Exchangers4. Electric Motors, Pumps and Compressors5. HVAC systems

Industry value chain necessarySome partners of KIC InnoEnergy (ABB, Schneider Electric) are known as leaders in the Energy Management systems for the industry. KIC level partners (TOTAL, EDF) are also very much involved in Energy Efficiency.

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Other OEMs involved in electric motors, pumps, compressors, heat exchangers and heat pumps, and waste heat recovery, should be put onboard new innovation projects. A recent study 25 by ENEA Consulting with ADEME and TOTAL has highlighted the difficulties for the interested parties to organize collaborative projects and to obtain funding for innovation in EE in the industry. KIC InnoEnergy should bridge this gap in the next years and allow the emergence of new products and services for EE in the industry.

Based on the KIC InnoEnergy Competence Mapping V2, discussions with KIC InnoEnergy partners, and literature review, the following companies are identified as major players in the field (this list may not be exhaustive):

Energy Management sensors and solutionso Large groups : Schneider Electric, ABB, Siemenso Start-ups: Energiency, Efficiencia, Qualisteoo Other: PS2E (Institute for Energy Transition), CEA, KU Leuven

Heat Recovery and heat Valorization in Industrial Processeso ORC manufacturers26: Enertime (FR), Aqylon (FR), Ereie (FR), Cryostar (FR), Turboden (It),

Adoratec/Maxxtec (DE), Opcon (SE), GMK (DE), Bosh KWK (DE), Tri-o-gen (NL)o Engineering, consultancy: Outoteco Research: CEA, Fraunhofer

Heat Pumps and Heat Exchangers, HVACo Industrials: Daikin, Hitachi, Uniflair, CIAT, Atlantic, Trianon, Thermofin, Astra, Valeo, Behr

gmbh & Coo Research: TNO, CEA, CETIAT

Electric Motors, Pumps, Compressed Airo Motors: Emerson – Leroy Somer (FR), ABM Greiffenberger (DE), Baldor (ABB group),

Ecofit (FR), Emit (PL), Lafert (It), Lenze (FR), Sew Usocome (DE), Bosch, Siemens, GE, Hitachi.

o Pumps: Grundfoso Compressed air : COVAL (FR), PCM (FR)

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4. Nuclear Instrumentation


Post Fukushima priorities

Although international organizations are anticipating slower long term global increase in worldwide nuclear power output than they were before the Fukushima accident, nuclear growth is still expected to occur in a number of countries. More than 60 nuclear reactors are under construction in the world.

However, the Fukushima nuclear accident has revealed the strong necessity to deepen research and developments in nuclear safety and radiation management. Post Fukushima nuclear roadmaps put a strong emphasis on these topics27,28,29:

“Nuclear instrumentation is still mainly based on safe but conservative technologies. Present and future competitiveness with the other power sources depends also on accurate and predictive knowledge of core behaviour. Advanced instrumentation and measurement methods, and efficient signal analysis can increase reliability, performance and competitiveness” (NUGENIA Roadmap)

The main topics to be developed by KIC InnoEnergy in nuclear, in relation with the philosophy of KIC InnoEnergy innovation projects (short or medium time to market) are:

Innovative Instrumentation and Measurement systems for the monitoring of materials and structures under severe conditions (high temperature, high neutron flux, high pressure…):

Innovative control / command systems: Increasingly demanding post-Fukushima regulations are generating high requirements on automation systems.

Due to the development time cycles, R&D on next nuclear reactors (generation IV, Small and Medium Reactors, fusion) is excluded from the scope of KIC InnoEnergy roadmap.


Due to the post Fukushima challenges, present and future reactors need a complete new generation of on-line instrumentation and innovative advanced measurement methodologies:

Experimental benchmarks have to be more instrumented than in the past, especially with real-time analysis devices.

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The large technological breakthroughs which appeared in the past recent years give opportunity to design and implement high performances sensors in a very harsh environment such as in the core of a nuclear reactor.

A more efficient instrumentation will allow an optimization of the reactor operation and efficiency

In 2013, SNETP30 and NUGENIA both issued their roadmaps. The NUGENIA roadmap includes R&D challenges in the instrumentation & measurement area:

• Technical Area 3 « Improved Reactor Operation »

Advanced and integrated approaches to maintenance and lifetime management of components and systems

Implementation of advanced digital technologies and diagnostics

• Technical Area 8

Non destructive testing – ultrasonic testing

Based on these roadmaps and on discussions with KIC InnoEnergy partners involved in nuclear, the roadmap on innovative instrumentation and measurement methods will address the following topics:

New systems for radiation monitoring at elevated temperatures. Innovative technologies for non-destructive testing Wireless sensors Fiber Optic sensors New simulation tools meant to help decision making for life prolongation

Instrumentation and Measurement techniques are a cross-cutting area that also impacts the entire energy chain from generation to consumption. Applications of advanced instrumentation and measurement techniques will be found in fossil fuel powered systems, in renewable energy, in energy transmission and distribution, and in energy use (demand responsive systems, smart buildings).

KIC InnoEnergy has today 2 innovation projects running:

I_SMART, Integrated Sensor System for material ageing and radiation testing HOBAN , Hard Optical Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors

Control-command systems consist of all systems in nuclear installations, which automatically perform actions and ensure regulatory functions or protection. The complexity of these systems has grown considerably in recent decades. They meet the growing needs of industrial piloting safer installation. They must also allow enhanced surveillance facilities, and encourage feedback from operations31.

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E. Roadmap for Nuclear: Overview

2012 2014 2016 2018 2020

Target

Prod

ucts

& S

ervi

ces

2020

Cha

lleng

es Advanced instrumentation and measurement sensors and systems are key success factors for the competitiveness of the European players in nuclear. More precise, more reliable, less intrusive techniques are needed.

Increasingly demanding post-Fukushima regulation is generating high requirements on automation systems and simulation tools.

Innovative Instrumentation & Measurement

Systems for radiation monitoring at high temperatures up to 600 °C

Ultrasonic sensors

Improved coverageImproved autonomy

High Temperature and radiation resistant devices

Simulation software to help decision making for life prolongation

Instrumentation & Measurement for Nuclear

New systems for radiation monitoring at elevated temperatures and high radiation levels

Innovative technologies for non-destructive testing

Fiber Optics Sensors

I_SMART Project

Wireless Sensors

New modeling and simulation tools

References: Nugenia roadmap 2013 SNETP SRIA 2013 EPRI roadmap 2012

HOBAN Project

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F. Roadmap for Nuclear: Details per topic selected

Details and impact assessment per selected technology


Cost

dec

reas

e

Ope

rabi

lity

GHG

dec

reas

e

Innovative Instrumentation & Measurement

This area includes techniques and products for non-destructive testing and structural condition monitoring as well as radiation monitoring.

Innovative Control / Command Systems

control-command systems consist of all systems which automatically perform actions and ensure regulatory functions or protection.

8

7

The price of nuclear electrici ty i s competi tive and predictable. C02 emiss ions from nuclear energy are very low.The European nuclear i ndus try employs a round 400,000 people in Europe [source Foratom].Instrumentation, Measurement and Control are ess entia l for the European i ndustry to mainta in a leading competitive pos ition and to ensure sa fe production of e lectrici ty.

9

6 8 9 8 7 7 8 7 7

4. Instrumentation and Measurement and Control/Command for Nuclear

7 8 9 8 8 8 8 7

Cros

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Impact in

Inv(

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Table 7: Instrumentation, Measurement, Control/Command for nuclear: Details and impact assessment

Assessment on “impactability” of selected topics

0

2

4

6

8

10TRL-Level (1-9)

Cost decrease

Operability

GHG decrease

Coverage of valuechain by KIC

partnersKIC industry

interest

Inv(Foreseeableregulatory impact)

Inv(RequiredInvestment)

Cross Impact inseveral applications

Societal acceptance

Instrumentation, Measurement and Control/Command for nuclear

Innovative Instrumentation &Measurement

Innovative Control / CommandSystems

Figure 9: Radar Graph of impact attributes for nuclear instrumentation

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The scores for the various parameters are high and not much scattered, indicating the great importance of each of these topics in the post-Fukushima situation. Both topics are considered equally important for the next 5 to 10 years activity of KIC InnoEnergy in nuclear.

Framing the next Calls for Innovation Projects:o Two innovation projects are currently running in nuclear: I_SMART and HOBANo A new project will be proposed in one of the 2015 Calls for Innovation Projects

Industry value chain necessary

As confirmed by the Innovation Capacity Mapping, all major European players in nuclear are already KIC InnoEnergy partners.

The visibility of KIC InnoEnergy in the nuclear sector has been extended in 2014 with meetings and presentations at the 3rd NUGENIA FORUM and contacts with the competitiveness cluster PNB (“Partners in Nuclear Business”).

New high-tech, specialized SMEs are now joining KIC InnoEnergy as partners in the nuclear innovation projects HOBAN and I_SMART. The participation of European SMEs positioned at different levels of the value chain must be strengthened.

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5. Annexes

A.1 Dropped / modified / new topics vs V1

Roadmap areaTopic : dropped or modified or

new versus V1 roadmap priorities

Rationale / comment

Advanced Materials Dropped

Advanced material projects are most often not in the scope of InnoEnergy projects, due to low TRLs.

Energy Storage

Lithium batteriesNaS batteries

(modified)

These topics are now taken into account in a generic group “batteries”, including redox flow and Lead acid.

Batteries : cross-cutting topics (safety / recycling / BMS)

(new)

These topics are extremely important for the security, performance, lifetime, and life cycle assessment of all battery technologies. KIC InnoEnergy partners have strong competences there.

Energy Efficiency in the Industry Same topics as V1*

*with some precisions in the detailed subtopics, in particular for WHR.

Nuclear Same topics as V1**

**with addition of two new subtopics (wireless sensors and FO sensors) in Instrumentation.

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A.2 List of participants in the Working Group

Name type of organization Name of organization

N. Mermilliod Research CEA

B. Fillon Research CEA

Y. Bultel University G-INP

N. Collignon Industry AREVA

J.P. Reich Industry GDF-SUEZ

S. Paineau Industry Schneider Electric

A. Mantovan Competitiveness cluster Partners in Nuclear Business

J.P. Gourlia Industry TOTAL

J.R. Morante Research IREC

E. Devers Competitiveness cluster AXELERA

A. Al-Mazouzi Indus EDF

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References

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1 2011 Technology Map of the European Strategic Energy Technology Plan (SET-Plan), V. Tzimas, JRC 67097, European Union, 2011.2 Electricity Energy Storage Technology Options – a White Paper Primer on Applications, Costs and Benefits, Technical Update, EPRI, Palo Alto, 2010, 1020676.3 “Electricity Storage” Factbook, Schlumberger Business Consulting Energy Institute, 2013, http://www.sbc.slb.com/SBCInstitute/Publications/~/media/Files/SBC%20Energy%20Institute/SBC%20Energy%20Institute_Electricity_Storage%20Factbook_vf.ashx4 Étude sur le potentiel du stockage d’énergies, ATEE, 2013. http://atee.fr/sites/default/files/peps_-_rapport_public1.pdf 5 « Assessing Storage Value in Electricity Markets”, JRC Scientific and Policy Reports, 2013. http://setis.ec.europa.eu/system/files/edf%20jrc%20power%20storage%20report.pdf 6 DG ENER Working Paper “The future role and challenges of Energy Storage”, http://ec.europa.eu/energy/infrastructure/doc/energy-storage/2013/energy_storage.pdf 7 http://www.ease-storage.eu8 “European Energy Storage Technology Development Roadmap Towards 2030”, EASE, 2013. http://www.ease-storage.eu/tl_files/ease-documents/Events/2013.04.17%20Launch%20EASE_EERA%20Roadmap/Roadmap%20&%20Annex/EASE%20EERA-recommendations-Roadmap-LR.pdf 9 http://setis.ec.europa.eu/system/files/Materials_Roadmap_EN.pdf 10 EERA Joint Programme « Smart Grids », Sub-progam 4, Deliverable D4.1 « Electric Energy Storage »11 “DOE/EPRI 2013 Electricity Storage Handbook in Collaboration with NRECA”, SANDIA REPORT, Sandia National Laboratories (2013)12 “Moving Energy Storage from Concept to Reality”. Southern California Edison (2011)13 “Prospects for Large-Scale Energy Storage in Decarbonised Power Grids”. International Energy Agency (2009)14 “ Le Stockage d'Energie : Enjeux, Solutions techniques et opportunités de valorisation ”. ENEA-Consulting (2012)15 Facts & Figures, « Le stockage d’énergie », ENEA Consulting, March 201216 IEA Technology Roadmap: “Energy-efficient Buildings: Heating and Cooling Equipment”, 2011

17 http://ec.europa.eu/energy/efficiency/index_en.htm18 http://www.eeef.eu/19 « New EU energy efficiency policies & how to measure the progress ? » by G. Miladinova, DG Energy, European Commission, 11 June 201320 EU energy efficiency policies & How to measure the progress?, DG Energy, European Commission, 11 June 201321 See http://ec.europa.eu/energy/efficiency/eed/eed_en.htm

22 ADEME: French know-how in the field of energy efficiency in industry, July 201323 InnoEnergy Lighthouse Innodriver Project « Processes and Living lab for industry Energy Efficiency”24 Journal official de la république française: efficacité énergétique : un gisement d’économies ; un objectif prioritaire (15 janvier 2013)25 “L’Efficacité Energétique dans l’Industrie: Verrous et Besoins en R&D”, ENEA / ADEME / TOTAL, may 2012 26 Techno-economic survey of Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) systems (Quoilin et al., 2013)27 Energy 2050 roadmap, Contribution of Nuclear Energy, Post Fukushima update, October 201128 Nuclear Sector Roadmaps, EPRI, August 201229 NUGENIA Roadmap, 2013, http://www.nugenia.org/ 30 SNETP Strategic Research and Innovation Agenda, http://www.snetp.eu/31 Technology Roadmap on Instrumentation, Control, and Human-Machine Interface to Support DOE Advanced Nuclear Energy Programs. Idaho National Laboratory, March 2007

http://www.snetp.eu/

http://www.nugenia.org/

http://ec.europa.eu/energy/efficiency/eed/eed_en.htm

http://www.eeef.eu/

http://ec.europa.eu/energy/efficiency/index_en.htm

http://setis.ec.europa.eu/system/files/Materials_Roadmap_EN.pdf

http://www.ease-storage.eu/tl_files/ease-documents/Events/2013.04.17%20Launch%20EASE_EERA%20Roadmap/Roadmap%20&%20Annex/EASE%20EERA-recommendations-Roadmap-LR.pdf

http://www.ease-storage.eu/tl_files/ease-documents/Events/2013.04.17%20Launch%20EASE_EERA%20Roadmap/Roadmap%20&%20Annex/EASE%20EERA-recommendations-Roadmap-LR.pdf

http://www.ease-storage.eu/

http://ec.europa.eu/energy/infrastructure/doc/energy-storage/2013/energy_storage.pdf

http://setis.ec.europa.eu/system/files/edf%20jrc%20power%20storage%20report.pdf

http://atee.fr/sites/default/files/peps_-_rapport_public1.pdf

http://atee.fr/sites/default/files/peps_-_rapport_public1.pdf

http://www.sbc.slb.com/SBCInstitute/Publications/~/media/Files/SBC%20Energy%20Institute/SBC%20Energy%20Institute_Electricity_Storage%20Factbook_vf.ashx

http://www.sbc.slb.com/SBCInstitute/Publications/~/media/Files/SBC%20Energy%20Institute/SBC%20Energy%20Institute_Electricity_Storage%20Factbook_vf.ashx

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