Contents Contents European UnionEuropean Union

•European Economic Community•Britain‘s Dilemma: to join or not to join?•From ECC to European Union •Britain‘s Euro – scepticism•Your questions

European Economic Community

Reasons

The first measure

Treaty of Rome

European Economic Community• Reasons

– After World War II, the desire grew to prevent further conflict and establish lasting peace and stability

– Cooperation against the extreme forms of nationalism

• The first measure– A form of a economic union to facilitate trade

across national borders– The beginning of the ECC

European Economic Community

Treaty of Rome– to abolish all tariffs and quotas between the

other members– to advance enterprise– ensuring the freedom of movement of people,

goods, services and capital– cooperation in developing

Britain‘s Dilemma: to join or not to Britain‘s Dilemma: to join or not to join?join?

Reason for becomig a member– Not a founding member ???

• Reasons– Advantages– Referendum– The Point of view of the English Parliament

• Development of ECC

• Change of their position and relationship– Their symbol

Britain‘s Dilemma: to join or not to Britain‘s Dilemma: to join or not to join?join?

Reason for becoming a memberReason for becoming a memberNot being a found memberNot being a found member

– Britain was not a founding member

ReasonsReasons• Their empire had to come to an end• It had to turn into the Commonwealth• They held the traditional view of the world

Britain‘s Dilemma: to join or not to join?

Advantages

commercial advantages

obvious success of the common market

Britain‘s Dilemma: to join or not to join?

ReferendumReferendum• the decision of becoming a member backed by a

referendum marks a turning point in British politics and

Britain‘s national identity

The Point of view of the English ParliamentThe Point of view of the English Parliament• Such a permanent link

– always rejected by English Parliaments• Government agreed to go ahead with the

constructions of a fixed link

Development of ECCDevelopment of ECC

Britain‘s Dilemma: Britain‘s Dilemma: to Join or not to Join?to Join or not to Join?

Britain‘s Dilemma: Britain‘s Dilemma: to join or not to join?to join or not to join?

1973

United Kingdom

Ireland

Denmark

Norway

Britain‘s Dilemma: to Join or not to Join?

Britain‘s Dilemma: Britain‘s Dilemma: to join or not to join?to join or not to join?

19811981

GreeceGreece

19861986

Portugal Portugal

SpainSpain

Britain‘s Dilemma: to join or not to join?

Britain‘s Dilemma: to join or not to join?

2004Cyprus [Zypern]Czech RepublicEstonia [Estland]

Hungary [Ungarn]Latvia [Litauen]

Lithuania [Lettland]Malta [Malta]

Poland [Polen]Slovakia [Slowakei]

Slovenia [Slowenien]

Britain‘s Dilemma: to Join or not to Join?

Britain‘s Dilemma: to join or not to join?

2007

RomaniaRomania [Rümanien][Rümanien]

BulgariaBulgaria [Bulgarien][Bulgarien]

Britain‘s Dilemma: to join or not to join?

Britain‘s Dilemma: to join or not to Britain‘s Dilemma: to join or not to join?join?

Change of their position and relationshipChange of their position and relationship

Their symbolTheir symbol

• The Eurotunnel under the English Channel– It puts an end to Britain‘s island status – Its effect is that it brought the country closer to

Europe

Britain‘s Dilemma: to Join or not to Britain‘s Dilemma: to Join or not to Join?Join?

Britain‘s Dilemma: to Join or not to Join?

From ECC to From ECC to European European

Union Union

Britain‘s EuroBritain‘s Euro––

scepticismscepticism

Your Questions

Who ???

Who ???

When and Why????

When and Why????

18. April 1951 18. April 1951

ReasonsReasons[Page 3]

After World War II, there was the desire to prevent After World War II, there was the desire to prevent further conflict and establish lasting peace and stabilityfurther conflict and establish lasting peace and stability

To abolish all tariffs and quotas

between the other members

Taken to advance the enterprise

Advantages

Advantages

developed a single market

ensuring the freedom of movement of people, goods, services, and capital

common policies on trade

common currency

responsible for their own [ECC] territorial defence

Disadvantage!!

Disadvantage!!

Dependencies

The parliament has to agree new policy of the ECC

Means long time for a agreement

wide competence of justice and home affairs[not the fundamental rights]

What do they do???

What do they do???Takes decisions for the whole ECC

Together against the extreme forms of nationalism

developed a single market

ensuring the freedom of movement of people, goods, services, and capital

common policies on trade

common currency

responsible for their own [ECC] territorial defence

Which qualifications do member need???

Copenhagen criteriaCopenhagen criteria

Which Adfications for becoming member ???

Copenhagen criteria

• Democratic governance and human rights

• having a functioning market economy

• accept the obligations and intent of the ECC

• protection of minorities

• Has to be in the territory of the EU

Why one currency for the whole European community?

Why one currency for the whole Why one currency for the whole European market?European market?

• help build a single market – Examples

• easing travel of citizens • eliminating exchange rate problems • providing price transparency • creating a single financial market • price stability and low interest rates • providing a currency used internationally • protected against shocks by the large amount of

internal trade within the eurozone a political symbol of integration