a

CONTDNT

S.NO. Title Page No.

of the 1. Title thesis

2. Introduction

already review 3. the of work A brief done the fieldin

4. Objectives

Noteworthy 5. in the peoposed contribution of field work

6. Proposed methodology

7. outcome Expected the of proposed work

8. References

THESIS1. TITLE OF THE

WATER STUDIES OF INDUSTRIAL WASTE TREATMEI\T

SPECIAL WITH REFERENCE

BHILAI PLANTSTEEL TO

2. INTRODUCTION

is an covers approximately important that Water compound earth's75o/o of the

gas. and manysurface, the three used states as in all liquid in Water is existing solid.

processfrom drinking ways industrial purposes. aim of to and agricultural The

to is produce final intermediate industries products and theraw from from materials

are wastage water or air. Inevitably there earth. bedisposed to must be off which

environment returned the is to a any such as to minimize way adverse on Theit. effect

quality due of water pollutants the of to problem introduction a is industrialmajor of

area world. The around releases of the uncontrolled waterto effluents waste large

affected water bodies have quality criteria.

INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENT

effluent is Industrial an of gas flowing water out a or from body natural or from of water a,

made human is Effluent structure. the United defined by ProtectionStates Environmental

as Agency - untreated treated or " wastewater - a of flows out that plant treatment ,sewer ,or

industrial refers outfall .Generally discharge wastes into to surface waters the". Effluents in

considered sense pollution artificial is in general to such as be water athe outflow from ,

treatment the sewage facility discharge or wastewater industrial facilities from .

lgenerated Effluents by industries sources pollution. are of Contaminated Soil, air. waterand

by industrial effluents are associated with disease burden and could this be reasons for the

current life shorter expectancy in developing countries when compared with developed

nations. Chemicals industries used in highly are poisonous it because contains toxic elements

. There some toxic are elements present in industrial effluent direct which the affect organ

.which are follows

Toxic Table 1: of effect elements some to living things.

Element Toxic effects.

As Peripheral arteriosclerosis (ie food black motor disease) *"r".y & p".tyris. "fthe nerve

Extremities, central narcosis cirrhosis. and marrow affects bone and cellularelements of blood, tetragenic animals.to

Cd Itaiitaldisease,kidneymalfunction,dropinthepho'pt,uffiserum. loss of minerals form the and bones osteomolucea. Osteoporosis,carcenoganic & stetragenic animals.of

Hg

neurological demage resulting in impaired vision hearing, and ,.rrro.y inloss limbs, ataxia and neurological tremor, disorders such as mental retardation andconvulsive cerebral palsy reported have been in to occur infants motherswhose were exposed to methyl mercury. during pregnancy fetal nerve tissue may beespecially sensitive to methyl mercury.

Pb

disturbance, affect the central nervous system, replace in Ca bones andaccumulate as a reservoir for long term release. Ramobilized withalong phosphates from bones.the

Se

disease which is characterized hair by joints, loss, soreness of dullness,Sloughing of hoovers In etc. an acute state. the selenosis to may lead apotentially fatal disease called blind sluggers.

Cr Exposure Cr to ( VI) caused allergic skin.

STEEL

ronalloy pure carbon in of Steel is an which carbon content and the from varies about

(eg, 0.002% deep (eg -drawing sheet metal) to 15% Alloy containsteel). steels .tool

Ni, elements Mn, greater like V, give additional Mo them strength Cr. and specif,rc,that

.In addition carbon hot metalpropertis to pig unwanted elements & contain iron : Si and, ,P

S.

STEEL INDUSTRIES

plants use a tremendous amount of Steel waste transfer cooling water for dust control,and ,

plants gas .The have sintering mills,coke plants for furnaces and by -,electricity ,chemical

products processes cooled rolls pumps and chemical water furnaces water, , ,slab ,waste

transfer lines treatment and sludge slurries for .,

The production its powerful of iron from ores involves reactions reduction in blast furnaces.

are waters Cooling inevitably contaminated products with ammonia especially and cyanide.

Production in of from plants coke coking coal also requires cooling water ofuse and the

in water by-products separation. Contamination of streams gasificationwaste includes

products benzene, as such naphthalene, anthracene, phenols, cyanide, ammonia, crosols

a range together with complex more of compounds organic as known collectively polycyclic

hydrocarbons aromatic (PAH).

OF IMPACT INDUSTRY STEEL EFFLUENTS ON WATER BODIES

The major pollutional the untreated the of effect of steel waste water industry of if discharge

the receiving into bodies water are toxicity : aquatic life to reduction silting of D.O due to,

suspended and solids problems odor rise ,taste .temperature dissolved affecting the oxygen

and aquatic and formation life slicks due of oil oil. Toxicity to floating aquatic life to due to

ammonia phenols well and is cyanide known the rise PH with , of value concentrationthe , ,

of free increases ammonia . Hence is ammonia particularly toxicity severe .at PH high

TNDUSTRIAL WATER WASTE TREATMENT

Industrial wastewater treatment mechanisms covers the and processes used to treat waters

that have contaminated been in by some way anthropogenic industrial or commercial

activities prior release its to into the enviroment or its re-use

produce industries .Most some waste wet recent although the trends in developed world have

to been production minimise such or recycle such waste within the production process.

However, industries many remain dependent processes on that produce wastewaters.

is Steel exceptionally recyclable material because steel products and by-products are

excellent in terms of "reduce, the reuse principle. and recycle" proper refining, On the

recyled products compete favorably natural with materials, improve preserverecyling and

non-renewable resources. Indian steel yet industry is to reach the high standards achieved by

counterparts its developed in in world arena the waste of minimizations and recycling.

7-

REVIEW 3. A BRIEF OF WORK ALREADY THE DONE FIELDIN THE

are There treatment method so many for Industrial treatment waste Some water. method

given here, (1980) are has G. lettinga given flow up blanket reactor sludge treatmentfor

of waste water. (1996) given Dani wetland has for waste method treatment. water K.

Madhavan (2001) given electrocogulation has (1998) method for of As. removal hasLee

given Nz method of of removal the help of with external carbon Welsler addition, (2000)

high gradient has given magnetic filtration for method treatment of waste-water.

Jibingxiong given (2007) has magnetic treatment separation for water. of waste PolatH.

given (2007) has flotation Ion the method for removal heavy metals. ( of Lili 2008) has

given method red mud water waste for treatment.

OBJECTIVES OF THE PROPOSED 4. WORK

. waste water.Chemical analysis of

. Study chemical concentration of in waste water.

. treated waste Study chemical concentration of of water.

. procedure for waste water.Study treatment of

. waste water on environment.Effect of

5. NOTEWORTHY CONTRIBUTION FIELD IN THE OF PROPOSED WORK

K. et Shivkumar (1994 the al for analysis water of pollution surroundings in of industrial)

area Medak, of Patancheru he has taken TDS, BoD, parametersCu, As, CoD, TA, Se, F, Fe

(1999 . Environment the Geology for metals analysis the in of due Kanpur industrialto )

They have effluents, Sn, parameters taken Cr, Zn,Pb, Cu. Cd Ni . Nasrullah (2006) et al for

analysis heavy the industrial of at effluents has Swabi Pakistan taken TDS, EC, TSS,PH, ,he

Mn, Cd, Pb, BOD, parameters. (2009) Cu, Cr, Zn.Fe et Shajic al forthe wateranalysis of

quality surroundings in Chavara industrial of area Kerala, taken he has BOD. COD,Quilon

Nitrate, TDS, TH, Phosphate parameters. Calcium, et Lawson (2011) the al for analysis of

waste heavy metals in Swamps Mangrove water of Lagos of Lagoon Nigeria, has he taken

PH, Fe, Salinity, DO, Cd, parameters. TA, Zn,Mn, Pb Cr, (2011 Pravin et al for the analysis)

of water pollution by discharge effluent from of Gove industrial area Maharashtra of ,Fe ,Cu,

parameters Cr, Cd, Ni Bhagirathi et . (2012 for al analysis the water of quality in Siltara)

industrial area Raipur taken has EC, TS PH, TA, TH, coD. Do, cl, Soa,,he F, ,TDS.

parameters. Vinod et al (2012 the for analysis water quality of different in ) sites of Bhilai

area. he has taken PH COD, Soa parameters..TDS Cl, Na, K ,TSS. ,EC ,

6. PROPOSEDMETHODOLOGY

The water will be samples collected using standard procedures. by samples The will

preserved by be keeping in samples the freezer. the following The analytical

may techniques for be used measurements of constituents.water

Analysis Table 1. water constituentsof

S. Species Techniques

No.

1 pH P'metry

2 Conductivity Conductometry

-) TS Gravimetric method

4 TDS Gravimetric method

5 TA Titration with HCL

6 TH EDTA Titration method-

7 DO Winkler titration method

8 COD Titrimetric

9 BOD Titrimetiric

10 cl Titrimetiric

l1 F Ion Selective method

t2 SO+ Spectorphoto meter

13 EC Potentiometric method

t4 TSS Gravimetric method

15 Fe, Mg, Zn, Hg. Ca, CrPb, AAS

7. EXPECTED OUTCOMES PROPOSED OF THE WORK:-

. Effectiveness of treatment.

. waste of treated water.Quality

. treated Effect waste of on environment.water

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