construction engineering 221 drawings and specifications

Construction Engineering 221

Drawings and Specifications

Construction Engineering 221 2

RPQs

1. Architects and engineers encourage their clients to use competitive bidding and price competition in the selection process for design services.A = True B = False

2. One good aspect of the traditional or linear construction process is that there is usually extensive contractor input into the design process.A = True B = False

3. The purpose of the “retainage” is to hold the contractor accountable to complete the project in accordance with the design.A = True B = False


RPQ Answers

1.Architects and engineers encourage their clients to use competitive bidding and price competition in the selection process for design services.A = True B = False

The correct answer is B. False


RPQ Answers

2.One good aspect of the traditional or linear construction process is that there is usually extensive contractor input into the design process.A = True B = False

The correct answer is B. False


RPQ Answers

3.The purpose of the “retainage” is to hold the contractor accountable to complete the project in accordance with the design.A = True B = False

The correct answer is A. True


Architect-Engineer (AE)

Term is used to designate the organization, person, firm or team that performs the project design, whether it be architectural, engineering, or a combination of both in makeup. Usually not one in the same except in

large architectural firms In-House, Owner-Client, Design-

Construct, CM, and Design-Manage AIA, NSPE and ACEC


AE Selections

Selection Process – Three options Professional qualifications alone Professional qualifications plus fee evaluation Fee evaluation only

What set of circumstances would tend to push an owner to one of these options?

NSPE ethical ban on competitive bidding – not permissible by U.S. Supreme Court in 1978 under the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890.


AE Scope of Service

Prebid Services Needs and desires of the owner Develop the design Preparing documents for bidding or

negotiation and contract purposes Aid in selection of contractor Estimate of construction cost

Conceptual cost estimate Use ASPE standards manual


AE Scope of Service

Postbid Services Project inspection Checking of shop drawings Approval of periodic payments to

contractor Certificate of completion (warranty) Processing of change orders

AE will normally have authority from owner to decide contract interpretation questions, judge performance, condemn defective work and stop field operations under certain circumstances.


AE Design Services Fees

Percentage of construction cost

Multiple of salary cost

Multiple of salary cost plus nonsalary

expense

Fixed lump-sum fee.

Total expense plus professional fee

Hourly or per diem charge


AE Liability

To the owner

To third parties

Exculpatory clauses

Statutes of limitations

Product liability or strict liability


Design Drawings

Three important functions Basis for competitive bidding or negotiations Contract administration during construction Basis for settlement of claims and disputes Also, with modification serve as “as builts”

Ownership of design Public – ownership is the public agency Private – Architect (most protect with

“copyright ©”unless contract says otherwise


Design Drawings

Why is complete, intelligible, accurate, detailed and well correlated important?

Typical subgroups in a set of drawings Site plan Structural Architectural Plumbing Mechanical Electrical

Standardized drawing details (typically engineering details for site and civil work-roads, utilities)


Specifications

Written instructions concerning project requirements

Bidding and contract documents with technical specifications

Often master specifications are used – be careful

Residential and Building – use CSI 16 Division format (see Appendix B, pages 449-450

Engineering – use AASHTO (pages 451-452)


Specifications

General Conditions (AIA Document A201)

(see Appendix C, pages 453-476)

Supplementary (Special) Conditions

Project specific Requirements

“MUST” Read for Bidding and Building


Specifications

Technical Specifications

Most combine Performance and Design

requirements

Performance

Design


CLOSED Specifications

One brand ONLY – Proprietary product

Very non-competitive, therefore higher

costs

Not allowed in public projects

Not recommended for any project,

although allowed by private owners


OPEN Specifications

Allow competition between manufacturers

Sets standards for material quality MAY list several manufacturers and

their brand name of product Allow “OR APPROVED EQUAL”

substitutions Substitutions are at the contractor’s

risk, subject to the architect’s review and approval


STANDARD Specifications

Most common for roads, utilities Not issued as part of the specifications book

for the specific project Issued as a separate specifications book by

many state Departments of Transportation, Cities and Towns

Cover standard materials used in most projects Concrete mix designs Fire Hydrants Manhole structures


QUIZ #1

Tomorrow at the beginning of class Covers chapters 1, 2, 3 and 4 and

material covered in class

construction engineering 221 drawings and specifications

Documents