conserving years of

Years of ConservingWildlife and

Wild Lands inAfrica

Annual Report 2001

1961-2001

40

*C2 A F R I C A N W I L D L I F E F O U N D A T I O N

O U R M I S S I O N

The African Wildlife Foundation recognizes that the wildlife andwild lands of Africa have no equal. We work with people—our sup-porters worldwide and our partners in Africa—to craft and delivercreative solutions for the long-term well-being of Africa’s remark-able species, their habitats and the people who depend upon them.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

From the Chair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2From the President . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44oth Anniversary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Saving the World’s Most Endangered Primate . . . 8A Commitment to Education and Training . . . . . 9A World without Rhinos? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10A Lifeline for Africa’s National Parks . . . . . . . . 11Understanding and Protecting Elephants. . . . . . 12Partnerships with the Private Sector . . . . . . . . . . 14Why Are Predators Important? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Working with Communities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16AWF’s African Heartlands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17AWF African Conservation Centers . . . . . . . . . 18

Ways to Give . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19AWF Donors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Financial Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

©Photographs by Mark Boulton

Luangwa River, South Luangwa National Park, Zambia

W

2 A F R I C A N W I L D L I F E F O U N D A T I O N

hen the African Wildlife Foundationwas founded 40 years ago, it was the only interna-tional organization focused entirely on African conservation. “No one knew or thought muchabout protecting wildlife and preserving the environment in 1961,” Russell Train, one of AWF’s five co-founders, said recently.

Judge Train, along with Nick Arundel, Jim Bugg,Kermit Roosevelt and Maurice Stans, had a simpleobjective for AWF: to help protect for future genera-tions the magnificent wildlife heritage of Africa thatthey all had experienced and enjoyed firsthand.

As we celebrate AWF’s 40th anniversary, it’sappropriate to pause and evaluate the results of four decades of dedication and effort devoted toconserving Africa’s magnificent wildlife and wildlands. Have we fulfilled our founders’ vision? Are we making a difference?

There have been losses, to be sure. The numberof elephants in Africa is half what it was 40 yearsago. The black rhino population has dropped from about 100,000 in 1960 to around 2,600 today.Wildlife habitat continues to shrink.

What these numbers don’t show is what Africa’s wildlife would look like if AWF and otherconservation groups had not been active during the past 40 years.

It’s true that black rhino numbers have plummeted,but the fact that there are still black rhinos on theplanet is only because of conservationists who tookone step after another, finally resorting to virtuallyarmed camps to protect the last members of thespecies. And black rhinos can make a comeback.

The southern white rhino, for instance, was on the brink of extinction in 1913, with only about 20 remaining animals, and today there are an astonishing 10,400.

Although elephants have dropped from approxi-mately 1.3 million to 550,000 today, it was predictedduring the poaching onslaught of the 1970s and1980s that the African elephant would be virtuallyextinct by 2000. That hasn’t happened. In fact, theirnumbers are actually rising in some areas, includingAmboseli National Park, through the efforts of the Amboseli Elephant Research Project, whichAWF has funded since 1975. Even the mountaingorilla population is inching up despite the genocidein Rwanda and ongoing war in Democratic Republic of Congo.

We can also point to other successes. In 1961, few Africans were professionally trained in wildlifemanagement. Now, thanks to the sustained work of AWF and others, virtually every park system onthe continent is led by trained African professionalsand a growing cadre of young African scientists.

So while we mourn the loss of wildlife over thelast four decades, we are proud that, in many cases,we have been able to slow, stop and even reverse the slide of animals toward extinction. We look to a future where we can begin to return previouslydepleted lands to their former wildlife richness.

Stuart T. Saunders, Jr.

From the Chair

F O R T Y Y E A R S O F P R O T E C T I N GA F R I C A ’ S W I L D L I F E

3A F R I C A N W I L D L I F E F O U N D A T I O N

W E A R E P R O U D T H A T W E H A V E B E E NA B L E T O S L O W , S T O P A N D E V E N R E V E R S E

T H E S L I D E O F S O M E A N I M A L ST O W A R D E X T I N C T I O N

T


he African Wildlife Foundation is the only conservation organization that works exclusively to protect wildlife in Africa—a mission AWF hasbeen fulfilling for 40 years.

Africa is the pre-eminent home to wildlife. Think of a continent that embraces the largest landmammal (the African elephant) … large predators(lions, leopards, cheetahs, African hunting dogs,hyenas) … the higher primates (gorillas, chimpanzeesand bonobos) … the now-rare African species ofrhino … and species like the hippo and giraffe thatseem incomparable to anything else on earth.

The mystique of Africa’s wildlife, however, is notonly in its large, photogenic species, but also in thediverse birds, reptiles, insects, trees, plants and vegetation. I myself have lived in Africa for 14 yearsand traveled widely there, but I have seen only afraction of its wonders.

The urgent need to protect Africa’s remainingrich, thriving ecosystems inspired AWF in 1999 tomark a new era in African conservation with itsHeartlands program. In a little over a year, we haddesignated and “adopted” five Heartlands:Kilimanjaro, Maasai Steppe, Samburu, Virunga andZambezi. In 2001, we added Four Corners andLimpopo in southern Africa. In each Heartland, our goal is the same: to expand the area available towildlife, to connect fragmented wildlands and to help ruralpeople make income from their wildlife resources.

We pursue these aims in a collegial manner—working with those who own and use the land todetermine which species, ecosystems and sites areconservation priorities; which areas of theHeartland are vital to wildlife and should be

reserved for them; which land can safely be used for farms, pastures or tourist lodging; and thewildlife-based businesses most likely to bring jobsand prosperity to local communities.

Much of this interaction is handled by strategically located AWF Conservation Centers. In 2001, AWF continued to build its growing network of centers staffed with young African professionals skilled in everything from communitymobilization to land-use planning to ecology to law.Their goal is to protect the many animals that live outside of parks and reserves. They do that by helping establish managementplans and business enterprises on these privatelyowned lands that will promote wildlife conservationwhile economically benefiting the landowners.

Today, the African Wildlife Foundation hasalmost a half-century of proven experience inAfrica, a well-designed program, an outstandingstaff and a small band of generous donors. We support conservation activities over a large part ofthe most wildlife-rich parts of Africa. Yet our entirebudget is approximately one tenth the budget of the San Diego Zoo and Wildlife Park.

To continue our crucial conservation work intothe next century, we must greatly increase the flowof financial resources into our program. As we tellour story to an ever-widening circle of conservation-minded groups and individuals, we’re confident that the necessary support will be forthcoming.

Patrick J. Bergin

From the President

B R O A D E N I N G O U R B A S E O FS U P P O R T I N T H E N E W C E N T U R Y


W I T H P R O G R A M S A N D S T A F F I N P L A C E , AW F S E E K S N E W F U N D I N G F O R

I T S W O R K T O S A V E A F R I C A ’ SU N I Q U E S P E C I E S A N D E C O S Y S T E M S


Conserving Africa’s Wildlife and Wild Lands for

Years

4oth Anniversary 1961-2001


No other organization has made the protection ofAfrica’s great wild places and wildlife its sole cause.

As we pause to celebrate the African WildlifeFoundation’s 40th anniversary, we are humbled by the scope of our mission, yet at the same time proud ofour achievements during four decades of supportingconservation across the African continent.

This annual report profiles eight areas in whichAWF has made a real and measurable difference inconserving the unique natural treasures of Africa—while helping the African people to manage andbenefit from these resources.

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There would be no mountain gorillas inthe Virungas today, the late RobinsonMcIlvaine once said, were it not forDian Fossey’s tireless efforts over many

years. McIlvaine served as U.S. Ambassador toKenya before becoming director of AWF’s Africanoperations and then AWF president, and he knewFossey personally.

An American, Fossey originally set up camp in1966 in Congo to study mountain gorillas (Gorillaberingei beringei), financed by paleontologistLouis B. Leakey. Civil unrest in the area forced herto relocate to Rwanda’s Volcano National Park.During 1967, AWF provided regular support toFossey; a year later, the National GeographicSociety joined AWF in supporting the project.

When several gorillas were killed in 1978, AWF joined forces with Fauna and FloraInternational and the World Wildlife Fund to pro-tect the remaining mountain gorillas, forming theMountain Gorilla Project. In addition to fundingsalaries and vehicles, AWF supplied the projectwith uniforms for guards and rangers, along withcamping gear and communication equipment, and also helped to habituate gorilla groups tohumans, creating gorilla-based tourism.

After Fossey’s murder in 1986, vigilance overthe gorillas increased, and a census the next yearindicated that the gorilla population was growing.As of 1989, income from tourism became one ofRwanda’s largest earners of foreign exchange,making protection of the gorillas a national priority.

In 1990, AWF formed the International GorillaConservation Program (IGCP), a regional strategyto protect the mountain gorillas, in collaborationwith Fauna and Flora International and the WorldWide Fund for Nature.

The outbreak of civil conflict in Rwanda inOctober 1990 spilled over to the park, signalingthe beginning of a decade of intensified threats tothe mountain gorillas—whose habitat was already

endangered by clearing trees for agriculture and the threat of transmittal of disease by a fast-growing human population.

In spite of civil wars and political instabilityduring this past decade in all three nations—Democratic Republic of Congo, Rwanda andUganda—IGCP has enhanced conservation of thelast 650 mountain gorillas in the Virunga moun-tains and Uganda’s Bwindi Impenetrable NationalPark. The project is a model for international cooperation as wardens and rangers from coun-tries in conflict work together so closely that theybecome friends as well as respected colleagues.

IGCP facilitates regional cooperation, such asjoint border patrols by Rwandan, Congolese andUgandan rangers. IGCP also has put in placestrong regional collaboration, through coordinatedecological monitoring, tourism development andwork with surrounding communities.


1960In chain reaction of nationalist

demands, 17 sovereign Africannations come into existence

1961Washington Safari Club’s

Conservation Committee

creates the African

Wildlife Leadership

Foundation, Inc. (AWLF)

1962AWLF’s first project is to

help establish College of

African Wildlife Management,

Mweka, Tanzania

1963Kenya becomes independent

AWLF scholarships fund

four young Africans to study

wildlife management at

American universities

AWLF constructs conservation

education center at

Nairobi National Park

S A V I N G T H E W O R L D ’ SM O S T E N D A N G E R E D P R I M A T E

Key

AWF achievements ■

Significant dates in African ■history

Forty years ago, there were virtually no African professionals in the field of wildlife conservation and management.

AWF’s very first project was to establish atraining school for wildlife management and park personnel. The College of African WildlifeManagement at Mweka, Tanzania, opened in 1963 with a $47,000 AWF grant, along with U.S. Agency for International Development funding. Mweka marked the beginning of AWF’s commitment to train Africans to assumeresponsible wildlife management positions that until then had been filled by Europeans. Since that time, Mweka has trained more than2,500 graduates from 25 African countries and 17 other countries.

In 1970, AWF helped establish a secondwildlife management school, The Ecole pour laFormation de Specialistes de la Faune Sauvage, inGaroua, Cameroon, for French-speaking Africans.The French government eventually took overmajor funding for the school, which has become a respected local institution.

When AWF was founded, 3,000 young Africanswere studying medicine, law, agriculture, and economics at U.S. universities, but not one waspreparing for a career in wildlife conservation. Agroundbreaking scholarship program created byAWF in 1963 enabled talented African students toundertake wildlife studies in the United States.

To encourage students to pursue advanceddegrees in conservation-related subjects, theCharlotte Conservation Fellowship Program beganin 1996, in memory of AWF supporter CharlotteKidder Ramsay. The program gives educationaland financial assistance to Africans pursuing master’s or doctoral studies in subjects such asspecies and ecosystem conservation, communityconservation and resource economics.

The AWF education project that probably hasreached more Africans than any other, however,

has been its sponsorship of Wildlife Clubs for students across the continent. After helping Kenyalaunch a network of Wildlife Clubs—189 clubswere formed between 1969 and 1971—AWF wasasked to help organize clubs in Uganda, Ghana,Tanzania, Cameroon, Sudan and Zambia. The clubs have played a major role in AWF’sgrassroots campaign to save wildlife by cultivating environmentally-minded citizens for future generations.

As part of its education mission, AWF has beena leader in publishing educational materials thathave been distributed throughout Africa. Theorganization made history in August 1965 when itfinanced the first all-Swahili wildlife newspaper—Urithi Wetu, or Our Heritage—which was distrib-uted through schools, wildlife and park depart-ments and AWF education centers. In 1973, AWFcreated African Heritage magazine, an English-language cartoon-style booklet to demonstrate the wise use of natural resources; it was publishedfor nearly a decade. Other publications weregeared toward tourism, for example, “Wild Lives:Profiles of East African Mammals.” Still otherswere of a scientific or technical nature, intendedfor wildlife and park department personnel andstudents involved in wildlife management.

A C O M M I T M E N T T OE D U C A T I O N A N D T R A I N I N G


1964Perez Olindo, later the

youngest director of Kenya’s

National Parks, is first

AWLF scholar to earn a

degree in U.S.

1965First class graduates from

College of African Wildlife

Management, Mweka

AWLF finances first all-Swahili

wildlife newspaper, Urithi

Wetu, or Our Heritage

1967Dian Fossey’s mountain gorilla

study receives funding from

AWLF in Rwanda’s Volcano

National Park

AWLF research grant finances

Serengeti Research Institute

1968AWLF unveils “Give a Lion a

Home” ad; proceeds used

to enlarge two African parks

Students at the College of African Wildlife Management,Mweka, Tanzania.

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60sAWF Achievements1961-2001

The African Wildlife Foundation has beenat the forefront of rhinoceros conserva-tion for several decades. In the early1970s rhino horn was in high demand

in the Middle East, Asia and Africa, and these magnificent creatures were being poached to thebrink of extinction. AWF recognized this alarmingdevelopment and joined with other conservationorganizations to target the consumer market andlaunch conservation efforts.

AWF cosponsored with World Wildlife Fundand the World Conservation Union an investiga-tion of the rhino trade in North Yemen and Asiaand found that North Yemen was one of the highest contributors to the trade and that between1972 and 1975 the amount of horn legally import-ed meant the deaths of nearly 8,000 rhinos. These results prompted AWF to join with otherinternational conservation groups to eliminate the legal trade in that country.

AWF set out to influence the attitude of theNorth Yemeni government with a direct-mail cam-paign that explained the gravity of the Yemeni roleand included a letter to the Yemeni prime ministerrequesting an immediate halt to the country’srhino horn trade. In 1982, the Yemeni governmentissued a decree outlawing rhino horn imports.

During this time, AWF supported Save theRhino Trust in Zambia. The trust aided the coun-try’s scarce rhino population by providing admin-istrative support to conservation efforts as well as

the services of a radio specialist who helpeddevelop a communications system that generatedpublicity about the need for rhino protection and encouraged the government to protect the animals.

Despite valiant conservation efforts, by themid-1980s the rhino was a heartbeat away fromextinction. AWF and other conservationists discov-ered the only way to secure the species’ futurewas to build strictly protected rhino sanctuaries. In 1986, AWF helped construct the Ngulia RhinoSanctuary in Kenya’s Tsavo West National Park.From its launch with three rhinos in approximatelya third of a square mile in 1986, Ngulia has grownto 49 individuals and covers 27 square miles, and is protected by an electric fence. From thebeginning, AWF worked to assure that the parkhad long-term funding, a vehicle, radio sets,binoculars and housing for sanctuary staff and rangers.

In 1993 African Wildlife Foundation extendedits rhino conservation work beyond East Africawhen an AWF representative met with Namibianofficials to discuss aiding Waterberg NationalPark—home to 50 white rhinos and 27 black rhinos. This park proved to be so critical to rhinoconservation that from 1994 to mid-1995 AWF provided support to the park for horsebackpatrols, camera equipment and incentives forrangers.

AWF undertook yet another critical rhino project in 2001, partnering with the U.S. Fish andWildlife Service and Ngorongoro ConservationArea Authority in Tanzania to support black rhino surveillance. The project assists NCA inmonitoring and protecting this small population of the eastern black rhino. The goal is to increasethe population by more than five percent per year to 100 individuals by the year 2018.

A W O R L D W I T H O U T R H I N O S ?


1970AWLF helps found the

Wildlife Clubs of Kenya to

educate youth about the

environment and

conservation

AWLF helps establish

wildlife management

school in Cameroon

1971Idi Amin launches a decade of despotic rule in Uganda;

human lives are lost andwildlife is almost destroyed

1972Cynthia Moss initiates

Amboseli Elephant Research

Project in Kenya, which

becomes the longest-running

study of its kind in the world

First leopard study undertaken

to combat trade in spotted-cat

skins receives AWLF funds

Forty years ago, Tarangire was a gamearea in Tanzania used by hunters. In 1969,AWF played a crucial role in establishingthe new Tarangire National Park through

support for construction of the headquarters build-ing and antipoaching lookout stations for rangers.

Today, Tarangire and Lake Manyara NationalParks are the core conservation areas of the large and varied landscape that is AWF’s Maasai-Steppe Heartland.

AWF has been an invaluable partner to manyAfrican national parks. In its early years, AWFfunded land acquisition and infrastructure for newreserves. In 1965, for example, the AWF Boardapproved one of its first grants for developing thenewly gazetted Ruaha National Park in Tanzania.In 1969 the organization contributed funds to pur-chase land to complete Arusha National Park andto build a headquarters building on the edge ofthe park. In the meantime, AWF had received alarge gift to be used to create the Shimba HillsNational Reserve near Mombasa, and AWF was anearly supporter of a national park on the easternshores of Lake Rudolph, now Lake Turkana.

AWF also traditionally has helped parks andreserves protect the wildlife living within their

boundaries—and the people who are charged withprotecting wildlife. Over the years, the organiza-tion has supplied essential items such as commu-nications and photography equipment, vehiclespare parts, battery chargers, tents, sleeping bagsand camping equipment, ranger uniforms andboots, fuel, motor oil, and new vehicles.

Joining with other conservation organizationsin 1987 to fight poaching in the 32,000-square-mileSelous Game Reserve, AWF not only suppliedfield radio units to improve communicationsthroughout the area, but also provided a mastervehicle mechanic and large inventory of spareparts to support the antipoaching force.

The Maasai-Steppe Heartland is an excellentillustration of AWF’s continuing commitment toAfrica’s parks. At approximately 15,000 squaremiles, this Heartland covers 10 times the com-bined area of the two national parks—in order tocover the migratory routes of elephants and otherlarge mammals—and is a patchwork of protectedareas plus private and community lands. To help wildlife thrive and people prosper, AWF is working with Tanzania National Parks (TANAPA),Maasai communities and other individuals andbusinesses to manage this diverse area as a single, coordinated unit.

This year brought a major victory for conservation: establishment of the Tanzania Land Conservation Trust by AWF and partners.The first institution of its kind in Tanzania, the trust is expected to become a regional model.AWF designed the trust in such a way that it could secure the wildlife corridor between the two parks. Following Tanzanian PresidentBenjamin Mkapa’s decision that the government-owned Manyara Ranch would be used to benefit the Maasai and to preserve this critical migration corridor, the ranch was turned over to the Trust with a 99-year lease.


A L I F E L I N E F O R A F R I C A ’ SN A T I O N A L P A R K S

1975AWLF begins long-term

support of Cynthia Moss’s

Elephant Research Project;

population grows from

400 to 1,000+ elephants

in next 20 years

1976AWLF publishes first of its

handbooks on wildlife ecology

for wildlife and park personnel

1977Wildlife Conservation

Extension Education project

launched in Kenya

1978By mid-1978, almost all ofAfrica is independent

AWLF establishes Mountain

Gorilla Project in Rwanda

to help protect gorillas


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When African Wildlife Foundationchose the elephant as its logo 40years ago, it was for its enduringpower as a unique symbol of

nature in Africa. The elephant’s survival was notthen a subject of great concern. Sadly, that situa-tion has changed over time. Seeking to preservethe species indefinitely, AWF continues to adjustits strategy to address the evolving threats to ele-phants in Africa.

Phase One: Counting the ElephantsAs recently as the 1970s, no one knew exactlyhow many elephants lived in Africa. AWF supported a project in Tanzania’s Selous GameReserve by Iain Douglas-Hamilton in 1975 toorganize a systematic census of the reserve’smammal population, particularly elephants. An important feature of the survey was trainingTanzanian game department staff in the tech-niques of aerial observation and recording.Douglas-Hamilton’s continent-wide surveys estimated Africa’s elephant population at that timeas between 1.3 million and 3 million animals.

In the meantime, Harvey Croze and CynthiaMoss launched the Amboseli Elephant ResearchProject to examine the relationship between socialbehavior and habitat use, and to learn about thesocial and ecological dynamics of a “natural” elephant population. AWF began supporting theproject in 1975. Moss set up permanent campwithin sight of Mt. Kilimanjaro, creating a compound of several thatched-roof tents and akitchen hut in a stand of palm and acacia trees.She then began the intensive phase of her life’swork of monitoring Amboseli’s elephants. By1978, she knew each adult and most of the juveniles in the park by name. She was joined in 1976 by Joyce Poole.

One of the project’s early triumphswas discovery of the “musth” phenomenon in African male elephants. When a bull elephantmatures—usually at about age 30—and comes into musth, his testosteronelevels increase and he competesaggressively for a month or more forthe right to mate with as many females as he can.The discovery was one of many insights into elephant behavior and social systems to emergefrom Moss’s project over the next two decades,making the Amboseli elephant population one ofthe best-known in the world.

Phase Two: Sounding the AlarmIn 1987, Douglas-Hamilton, Moss and Poole traveled to Washington to personally voice theirconcerns about threats to Africa’s elephants.Attempts to fine-tune the CITES (Convention onInternational Trade in Endangered Species) tradesystem were failing in East Africa. Fueled by risingivory prices and poaching tolerated by corruptgovernment officials, by 1989 elephants in Kenyawere being killed at a rate of 3 per day.

During 1988–1989 a vigorous debate ensued inthe conservation community. On one side, thecountries of southern Africa that had not been hitby poaching saw surging elephant numbers asboth a menace to humans and a revenue source tohelp support conservation. But countries undergo-


1980In early 1980s, drought and

famine plague Africa’s northernand central regions; millions

leave homes in search of food

Zimbabwe becomes independent

1981Tanzanian government asks

AWLF to help protect Selous

Game Reserve

1982North Yemen bars legal import

of rhino horns after diplomatic

intervention by AWLF

1983AWLF officially becomes the

African Wildlife Foundation

(AWF)

1984The AWF-funded

Mountain Gorilla Project

reports a growing gorilla

population and the largest

number of births in years

1985Tanzania makes peaceful

transition from socialism to capitalism, as President

Nyerere is succeeded by Ali Hassan Mwinyi

AWF’s Mark Condiotti workedwith the MountainGorilla Project in the 1980s.

U N D E R S T A N D I N G A N DP R O T E C T I N G E L E P H A N T S

ing the onslaught in East Africa, led by the ele-phant researchers, argued that nothing short of anabsolute ban on commercial trade in ivory couldhalt the devastation. As some larger, better-knownconservation organizations equivocated, AfricanWildlife Foundation stepped into a leadership role with its “Only Elephants Should Wear Ivory”campaign, coordinated with Saatchi and SaatchiAdvertising. AWF’s decision angered many insouthern Africa, but as the scale of East Africa’spoaching problems became clear, in 1989 theAfrican elephant was moved from CITES’Appendix II (threatened) to Appendix I (endan-gered), with all international trade banned, begin-ning in 1990. The Somali Amendment also waspassed, which recognized the differing status ofelephants in various parts of Africa and provided amechanism by which some countries might even-tually be able to have their populations returned toAppendix II and engage in limited trade in ivory.

Phase Three: After the Ivory BanToday, we know that where researchers monitorand study elephants, protection can increase andtheir numbers can thrive. Cynthia Moss began herwork in Amboseli with 400 elephants; now thereare more than 1,000. And their behavior showsthey feel safe as they move outside the park:Recently an Amboseli elephant was spotted westof Namanga, where the Maasai have not seen ele-phants since the mid-1970s.

Conducting an AWF-supported elephant proj-ect in Tarangire National Park, researcher CharlesFoley reports a growing elephant population thatnow numbers 2,500 in the dry season.

Approximately 366 elephants in CuneneProvince, Namibia, are the subject of an AWF-supported desert elephant study. Little isknown about this small, elusive population—thelast remnant of its type in Africa.

The picture of elephant conservation in Africaremains checkered. Probably no elephants on thecontinent are more threatened than those in theforests in central Africa; elephant counts there areextraordinarily difficult, and now war is sweepingthrough parts of that region. Elephant numberscontinue to grow in Zimbabwe, Botswana,Namibia and South Africa, but there has been anexplosion of poaching in Zambia and new inci-dents have been reported in Tanzania, includingtwo elephants poached on Manyara Ranch.

In this third phase of elephant conservation,AWF is intervening directly in protecting elephantpopulations in six African Heartlands where theyare a key species. As in each preceding phase, elephants continue to play a leading role in AWF’sunderstanding of the most innovative approachesto conservation.


1986AWF begins collaborating

with Tanzania National

Parks (TANAPA) to develop

and apply principles of

community conservation

Dian Fossey is murdered in

Rwanda, but a census shows an

increasing gorilla population,

and the project brings tourist

dollars to the devastated

Rwandan economy

1987“Gorillas in

the Mist,”

a movie

about Dian

Fossey’s

conservation

work, begins

filming in Rwanda, with

AWF staff as consultants

1988AWF launches “Save the

Elephants” campaign, and

1988 is designated the

“Year of the Elephant”

1989AWF’s “Only Elephants Should

Wear Ivory” campaign runs

print and TV ads worldwide

President Bush bans

commercial U.S. imports of

elephant products

The African elephant is

elevated to “most endangered”

category by Convention on

International Trade in

Endangered Species (CITES)


When Ker & Downey Safaris, Ltd.,agreed to share its mailing list tohelp the newly formed AfricanWildlife Leadership Foundation

begin to build its own roster of contributors, a tradition of cooperation between AWF and theprivate sector was born.

As enthusiastic travelers to Africa (“all of ushad savored the joys of one or more Africansafaris,” Russell Train remembers), AWF’sfounders immediately recognized the inextricablelink between conservation and tourism.

Under the direction of Isidore Gwashure, AWFis building a growing network of strategicallylocated Conservation Service Centers staffed withyoung African professionals with skills rangingfrom community mobilization to land-use plan-ning to ecology to law.

Their goal is to protect the large percentage of Africa’s wildlife that lives outside of parks andreserves. And the way they do that is by helpingestablish management plans and business enter-prises on these privately owned lands that willpromote wildlife conservation while generatingeconomic benefits for landowners and local communities.

Thanks to these innovative programs, peoplewho live near African parks are seeing wildlife in anew, more favorable light: a possible passport toeconomic opportunities for themselves and theircommunities. And when people are friendly towildlife, it thrives.

For example, Nairobi’s Conservation Centerstaff are helping the conservation-minded managersof the private Loisaba Ranch and a neighboringcommunity design a shared tourism enterprise. A lodge on the ranch offers visitors the one-with-nature experience of sleeping in aStarbed®. At evening, guests are driven to outlyingcampsites; each site has elevated sleeping plat-forms featuring comfortable beds and down comforters—a sort of treehouse under the starsfor grownups. The community can create andmaintain such camps with minimal investment.

P A R T N E R S H I P S W I T H T H EP R I V A T E S E C T O R


1990Nelson Mandela is released

from prison; South Africa startsdismantling apartheid

Namibia gains independence

International Gorilla

Conservation Programme

(IGCP) is launched by AWF,

Fauna and Flora International

and the World Wide

Fund for Nature

1991In spite of civil unrest

in Rwanda, IGCP staff and

park guards continue to

monitor the safety of

mountain gorillas in

Volcano National Park

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Amajestic lion looked out at readersfrom AWF’s first national advertise-ment in Life and Time magazines during the summer of 1968 and

early 1969. “This is a picture of a lion,” read the caption. “Some day it may be all you’ll be able to show your children.”

The ad, which earned $30,000 for Tanzania’snational parks, reflected the objective of AWF’sfounders: to help protect for future generationsthe magnificent wildlife heritage of Africa.

In the past, Africa’s large predators—includinglions, leopards, wild dogs and cheetahs—oftenwere overlooked by conservationists until a specific population was threatened. Today, scientists understand that predators are an indica-tor of overall ecosystem health: A strong predatorpopulation suggests a habitat that presents ahealthy environment for all of its wildlife.

Making this case to livestock-keepers is notalways easy. Although pastoralists are reasonablywildlife-friendly—they accept the presence of theoccasional elephant—conflict between predatorsand pastoralists is legendary.

That’s what makes the northern Kenyan districtof Laikipia so interesting to AWF researchers: It isthe only region in Kenya where wildlife is actuallyincreasing outside protected areas. Instead offencing their property and poisoning predators,

most commercial ranchers in Laikipia and sometraditional pastoralists welcome wildlife. Becauseresidents have expressed an interest in maintain-ing and learning about their predator populations,the district is an ideal place to study carnivores,how and why they kill livestock in the midst ofnatural prey and what people can do to reducelosses.

Last year an AWF-supported scholar from theLaikipia Predator Project, directed by LaurenceFrank, made national news. Based at MpalaResearch Center, Mordecai Ogada investigatednew ways for ranchers to protect their livestockfrom predators. The simple changes in livestockenclosures he suggests could dramatically cut thenumber of livestock lost to predators throughouteast and southern Africa and reduce the numberof “problem” lions, hyenas, cheetahs and leopards that are shot in revenge.

Can humans learn to be more tolerant towardpredators? News from Amboseli National Parksuggests some progress in local attitudes towardlions. Poisoned out of the park some years ago,the lions are now returning. AWF staff know of no recent instances of poisoning.

W H Y A R E P R E D A T O R SI M P O R T A N T ?


1992Funded by USAID, AWF

helps launch Protected Area

Conservation Strategy

(PARCS) to train Africa’s

park managers in

administration and

community conservation

1993AWF begins working with the

National Museums of Kenya

to conserve game birds on

communal lands

1994In first multiracial elections

in South Africa, Nelson

Mandela becomes president

Rwanda genocide kills up to

1 million people

1995AWF supports the Cheetah

Conservation Fund in Namibia

to protect the world’s last

13,000 cheetahs


Until the beginning of the twentiethcentury, communities and wildlife inAfrica coexisted in a fairly harmo-nious manner. Although people used

wildlife to sustain themselves, species were notseriously threatened. The human population wassmall, and land remained abundant.

But in the late 19th century, wildlife began to dis-appear under the more efficient and better-armedcolonial hunters. Some animals were simply exter-minated as pests. In response, hunting by local peo-ple was restricted and strictly protected parks wereestablished. Law enforcement and preservationbecame the dominant approaches to conservation.

When AWF was founded 40 years ago, trainingpark wardens to manage these protected areas wasa top priority. As conservation thinking has evolved,AWF has both supported traditional approacheswhile taking the lead in implementing selected“new” approaches to conservation that attempt torethink the relationship between people and wildlife.

What is now called “community conservation”is not simply a matter of righting past wrongs, butrecognizing that virtually none of the parks of EastAfrica, with the possible exception of Tsavo, is suf-ficiently large to include intact ecosystems. Vastnumbers of wildlife—and certainly large predatorsand herbivores—spend substantial time outsidethe strict confines of parks.

The bottom line? If Africa’s wildlife are to bemaintained in areas other than large fenced zoos,communities must tolerate the presence of greatnumbers of wild animals on their land.

AWF’s African Heartlands program is designedto conserve large, wildlife-rich landscapes in thecontext of human development. Under this pro-gram, AWF works closely with local communitiesto encourage support for conservation among thepeople who depend most on natural resources.But developing the Heartlands approach hasrequired time and a spirit of innovation.

Rethinking traditional conservation began during the early 1960s in Zimbabwe with the workof Raymond Dasmann that eventually evolved into the pioneer CAMPFIRE (Communal Areas

Management Programme for IndigenousResources). Inspired by Dasmann’s efforts to“domesticate” wildlife as a less ecologicallydestructive alternative to cattle, for a decade begin-ning in 1970 AWF supported the Galana GameRanch Research Project in Kenya and later theBotswana Gemsbok Domestication Project. AWFbegan directly working on community conserva-tion in 1988 to test the viability of dialoguebetween park authorities and pastoral communi-ties around Tsavo National Park in Kenya.

Building on AWF’s pioneering work in Kenya, the“Protected Areas: Neighbors as Partners” programexpanded to include development of a communityconservation service in TANAPA (Tanzania NationalParks) by Patrick Bergin (then freshly out of thePeace Corps, now AWF president), the innovativework of Mark Infield at Lake Mburo Park in Ugandaand the creation of a community-run tourist facilityadjacent to the Bwindi Impenetrable Forest, hometo half the remaining mountain gorillas in the world. The Tanzania and Bwindi programs involved “benefit sharing”: Tourist revenues from the parkspaid for community projects, such as schools andvillage wells.

Traditional law enforcement in protected areasis relatively straightforward compared to the complexities of community conservation, whichhas been a trial-and-error process even for AWF. In Kenya, Richard Leakey introduced an innovativeplan to share 25 percent of park revenues with sur-rounding communities. The program later failed,however, due to insufficient revenue and relativelyunsophisticated application. Now in its “secondgeneration” of community conservation, AWFincreasingly looks to partnerships between privatebusinesses such as SERENA and WildernessSafaris to generate benefits to communities (see “Partnerships with the Private Sector”).


W O R K I N G W I T HC O M M U N I T I E S

1996Tourists and senior park

warden massacred in Uganda’s Bwindi

Impenetrable National Park,home of mountain gorillas

AWF establishes first

Conservation Service Center

(CSC) in Arusha, Tanzania,

and hires a team of African

professionals to help launch

community businesses

Charlotte Conservation

Fellowship Program honoring

Charlotte Kidder Ramsay

is created to help African

conservationists attain

advanced degrees

Many aid workers depart,

but IGCP personnel remain

to protect Virunga’s

mountain gorillas;

no gorillas are killed in

1996 and at least nine

babies are born

Four CornersThis massive Heartland, named for the regionwhere Botswana, Namibia, Zambia and Zimbabwemeet near Victoria Falls, boasts spectacular natural beauty and numerous wildlife species.

KilimanjaroAmboseli National Park, six large Maasai groupranches, Tanzania’s Kilimanjaro and Arushanational parks, as well as Lake Natron and thelow-lying savannas of Longido all lie within this Heartland.

LimpopoThis Heartland spans the borders of Mozambique,South Africa and Zimbabwe and includes SouthAfrica’s popular Kruger National Park, which hosts more than 1.5 million visitors a year.

Maasai-SteppeTanzania’s Tarangire and Lake Manyara NationalParks form the core conservation areas of thislarge and varied landscape.

SamburuLocated just north of the equator in the rain-shadow of Mt. Kenya, this Heartland includes parts of Mt. Kenya NationalPark and Samburu National Reserve, plus extensive ranchand communal lands.

VirungaIn this transfrontierregion of Uganda,Rwanda and theDemocratic Republic of Congo, the volcanic highlands of the Virungas and Uganda’s BwindiImpenetrable National Park shelter the last 650 mountain gorillas in the world.

ZambeziThis three-country, transboundary landscapeincludes a range of biodiverse lands along the middle stretch of the Zambezi River and incorporates some of the most outstanding terrestrial and riverine wildlife viewing and scenic landscapes in southern Africa.


AW F ’ SA F R I C A N H E A R T L A N D S

1997Angola, Namibia, Rwanda,Uganda and Zimbabweinvolved in fighting inDemocratic Republic of Congo

AWF’s first “Charlotte Fellows”

complete their conservation

studies

AWF’s “Living with Lions”

project examines the

coexistence of landowners

and animal predators on

Kenya’s Laikipia plateau

1998AWF Conservation Service

Center opens in Nairobi

AWF marks a new era in

African conservation with its

Heartlands program to

protect large landscapes of

exceptional natural value

1999By late 1999, AWF is

operating in four Heartlands:

Kilimanjaro, Maasai Steppe,

Samburu and Virunga

AWF’s Amboseli Outreach

Program is the first by a

conservation group to work

specifically with young

Maasai warriors, or morani


Four Corners Heartland

Zambezi Heartland

Kilimanjaro Heartland

Conservation Centers—most of which are located within African Heartlands—work withcommunities and individuals to build viable andconservation-friendly business ventures that generate income from the presence of wildlife.

The strategically located centers are staffed byteams of young African professionals with skillsranging from community mobilization to land-useplanning to ecology to law. Their goal is to protectthe large percentage of Africa’s wildlife that livesoutside parks and reserves. And they do that byhelping establish management plans and businessenterprises on these private lands that will promote wildlife conservation—and generate economic benefits for the landowners.

The five offices that anchor the ConservationCenters program in east and southern Africa arenow fully operational, with key staff, basic fundingand other resources in place. Director IsidoreGwashure continues to cultivate relationships withthe private sector and to bring specific, commer-cially successful conservation business ventures in the African Heartlands to fruition.

These achievements have made AWF the preferred conservation partner for donors and private-sector organizations wishing to promotewildlife conservation in Africa.

AWF AFRICAN CONSERVATIONCENTERS—2001Kenya — Nairobi Center

South Africa — White River Center

Tanzania — Arusha Center

Uganda — Kampala Center

Zimbabwe — Victoria Falls Center


AW F A F R I C A N C O N S E R V A T I O N C E N T E R S

2000Zambezi Heartland,

encompassing parts of

Zimbabwe, Zambia

and Mozambique, becomes

AWF’s fifth Heartland

AWF opens Conservation

Centers in Victoria Falls,

Zimbabwe, and in

White River, South Africa

2001Tanzania’s president declares

that Manyara Ranch will be

protected as a major wildlife

corridor—and gives the ranch

to the conservation trust

facilitated by AWF

IGCP’s Eugène Rutagarama

receives Goldman

Environmental Prize for

protecting Rwanda’s

mountain gorillas during a

decade of war

Four Corners project

in southern Africa

marks AWF’s largest

conservation project ever

White River CSC.

00sAWF Achievements

1961-2001

Nairobi’s Conservation Center staff helped private ranches and neighboring communities establish Starbed® camps, where beds are rolled out at night and guests can sleep under the stars. With a small investment, communities can create and maintain these profitable tourism enterprises.

T


H O W T O H E L P AW F P R O T E C T A F R I C A ’ S W I L D L I F E

here are many ways to contribute to theAfrican Wildlife Foundation, and all of them aregreatly appreciated. Your gift—however you chooseto make it—makes a lasting statement about yourcommitment to saving Africa’s wildlife, their habitats and the people who depend on them.

GIFTS OF CASH OR CREDIT CARD

The easiest way to contribute to AWF’s ongoingwork is through cash or credit card. You can write a check, or make a contribution by VISA,MasterCard, Discover or American Express. To donate by credit card, call 202-939-3333 or go to www.awf.org.

HONORING A FRIEND OR FAMILY MEMBER

A thoughtful gift is a contribution to AWF in honoror memory of a family member, friend or colleague.Tell us the name of each person you are honoring,and the names and addresses of persons to whomyou would like us to send a card notifying them ofyour gift. Call 202-939-3333 for information.

GIFTS OF APPRECIATED SECURITIES

Your gift of appreciated securities will enable you to make a valuable contribution to AWF and enjoy significant savings at the same time. You receive an income-tax charitable deduction for the full fair-market value of the securities and avoid all orpart of your capital gains tax. Securities held by your broker may be transferred electronically to our account. Call 202-939-3333 for information on how to make the transfer.

GIVING AT YOUR WORKPLACE

AWF is a member of Earth Share—the federation of leading environmental and conservation organizations. Earth Share manages workplace

giving campaigns for its national environmentalcharities, just as the United Way raises funds for health and human service charities. AWF’s Earth Share number is 919.

If your workplace participates in the CombinedFederal Campaign (CFC), you can contribute toAWF through payroll deductions. Our CFC number is 919. In addition, many employers willmatch your gift, enabling you to double or eventriple your contribution. Ask your employer for a matching gift application form, and send it with your contribution.

BEQUESTS AND PLANNED GIFTS

AWF offers numerous opportunities for caring supporters to provide for the future of Africa’swildlife while meeting personal estate and financialgoals at the same time. The most popular optionsare bequests and life income gifts such as charitableremainder trusts and charitable gift annuities.

Bequests are easy to arrange and provide forAWF’s vital program work in perpetuity. Create aliving legacy of elephants, mountain gorillas, lions,rhinos and other precious creatures by naming AWF as a beneficiary in your will, trust, life insur-ance policy or retirement plan.

If you wish to make a bequest to AWF, we suggestthe following language: “I hereby give ______ (specificcash amount, securities, percentage or residuary share) to theAfrican Wildlife Foundation, a charitable corporation incorpo-rated in the District of Columbia and presently having officesat 1400 16th Street, N.W., Washington, DC 20036.” For more information call 202-939-3333.

The African Wildlife Foundation is a nonprofit 501(c)(3)tax-exempt corporation. AWF’s IRS tax ID number is 52-0781390. All contributions to the Foundation are tax-deductible to the extent allowed by law.

Ways to Give

O


ur deepest appreciation to everyonewho supported AWF during the period between July 1, 2000, and June 30, 2001. Thanks to your generosity, AWF is able to strengthen and extend

its efforts to protect African wildlife and their habitats. While space does not allow us to list alldonors, please know we are grateful to each andevery friend of AWF.

T H A N K Y O U

HEARTLANDS PARTNERS$100,000 AND ABOVE

The William H. Donner FoundationEarthshareFord FoundationDavid H. Koch Charitable FoundationMr. & Mrs. David Thomson

CHAIRMAN’S CIRCLE$50,000-$99,999

AnonymousJoe & Joan CullmanThe Barbara Delano FoundationDorothy Jordan Chadwick FundEva D. KernRandolph K. LuskeySally F. PingreeDouglas C. WalkerWiancko Family Donor Advised Fund

of the Community Foundation of Jackson Hole

$25,000-$49,999

Forrest F. Bramble, Jr.The Leslie FundWilliam B. LloydThe John D. & Catherine T. MacArthur

FoundationThe Margot Marsh Biodiversity FoundationMr. & Mrs. William F. MillerFrances A. Velay

PRESIDENT’S CIRCLE$10,000-$24,999

Anonymous (2)The Jenifer Altman FoundationMaxine BeigeCrandall C. BowlesThe Sidney S. Byers Charitable TrustThe Cadeau FoundationMr. & Mrs. Russell Cowles IIMr. & Mrs. Donald DanielsDavid DavisDisney Wildlife Conservation FundJane Engel

Evergreen FundFair Play FoundationCaroline GabelAvis S. GoodwinThe Hon. & Mrs. William C. HarropChristine HemrickThe Tim and Karen Hixon FoundationRobert E. HungateMrs. William A. InskeepWilliam E. JamesGeorge F. Jewett, Jr. 1965 TrustDennis & Connie KellerMBNAMr. & Mrs. Henry P. McIntosh IVAnne B. MizeMr. & Mrs. Gordon MoorePeter & Eleanor NalleThe Oakland ZooAnne L. PatteeMichael J. PiuzeJane & Paul A. SchosbergDr. & Mrs. Herbert J. SchulmanBeverly SpectorThe William B. Stokely Jr. FoundationTapeats FundMr. & Mrs. Russell TrainThe Weiler FoundationMr. & Mrs. Gordon Wilson

BAOBAB SOCIETYThe Baobab Society honors thoseindividuals who support the AfricanWildlife Foundation with annual giftsof $1,000 to $9,999. The baobab tree,a source of moisture, food and shelterto the inhabitants of Africa’s arid

plains, is an apt symbol for thoseindividuals who sustain AWF’s conservation efforts.

$5,000 to $9,999

Barbara Cox AnthonyThe Bedminster FundMr. & Mrs. Zohar Ben-DovThe R. Z. Biedenharn FoundationGeorge A. BinneyMr. & Mrs. A.A. BurnandDr. David ChallinorWayne A. ChristopherMr. & Mrs. Frederick H. DohmenDale F. DornHoward FinkelsteinCharles C. GatesNancy J. HamiltonThe Roy A. Hunt Foundation

Torrence M. HuntJeffrey KrinskTed & Mary Navarré MooreLynn Nichols & Jim GilchristPark East ToursThor RamsingMr. & Mrs. William P. Richards, Jr.Mr. & Mrs. Barry R. SullivanSue Erpf Van de Bovenkamp of

The Armand G. Erpf FundJ. D. Wheat

$2,500 to $4,999

Kenneth AuchinclossJean H. BankierAndrew H. BickhamCarol L. & James BruenMr. & Mrs. William B. ChappellMary L. ContakosBetsy R. Coville, D.V.M.Katie H. DoyleNancy-Carroll DraperThe Samuel E. & Hilda S. Duff TrustRobert S. EgermanReginald H. Fullerton, Jr.

AWF Donors


William GoldmanMr. & Mrs. Judson C. GreenJohn H. Heminway, Jr.The Allene & Jerome LaPides

FoundationKevin & Cheryl LeslieJohn & Tashia MorgridgeMr. & Mrs. William MurdyPhilip OsborneThe San Diego Foundation Adonai

Foundation Fund at the recommendation of Scott & Marline Pallais

Kathleen PritchardBayard ReaHenry M. RinesMr. & Mrs. Andrew SabinMr. & Mrs. Stuart T. Saunders, Jr.Harold A. SchesslerMr. & Mrs. N. S. SeastedtDon & Estelle ShayMr. & Mrs. Jeffrey R. Short, Jr.*Mr. & Mrs. Jeffrey M. SpatzMr. & Mrs. Melville StrausJames B. TaylorMr. & Mrs. James TreadwayFrederick S. Upton FoundationFritz T. WegmannSusan M. West

$1,000 to $2,499

Anonymous (2)Oliver AspegrenBarbara BabcockS. A. BanksPhyllis BarlowB. W. Bastian FoundationMr. & Mrs. Robert H. BatesJeffry W. BaumConnie BeacomBeverly S. BenderMrs. Lucy Wilson BensonMr. & Mrs. Don BlenkoJohn & Linda BohlsenEunice M. BormanFrances C. BraxtonMr. & Mrs. Garrison W. BrintonMrs. Walter F. BrissendenJohn S. BrownMagalen O. BryantCarla Buck & Jack LevyRev. & Mrs. C. Frederick BuechnerMaynard P. BuehlerMrs. John A. BuesselerMr. & Mrs. George R. Bunn, Jr.Steven L. Caicco & Jody E. BrownPhebe CambataVera L. CarlsonWinifred T. CarterMr. & Mrs. Tom R. CasselmanJohn & Theresa CederholmClara G. CistElena CitkowitzChristina Clayton & Stanley Kolber

Clemens Family FoundationBarbara ClementsJames R. ComptonMr. & Mrs. Pierre E. Conner, Jr.James C. Converse & Amy KatzmanJoyce B. CorrellAnne Galloway CurtisAnne Cusic–Tracks/USAMary A. DahlgrenWilliam D. Dana Jr.James A. DavidsonPierre De VilliersDetroit Zoological SocietyEva DewitzMrs. Del DonatiLouise I. DoyleBarbara T. DregalloDrs. Wilfried & Gisela EckhardtMr. & Mrs. William EdisonEleanor J. EllisGertrude B. EmersonMr. & Mrs. Hamilton Emmons Albert & Eleanor EnglerLinda L. EvansRichard & Rebecca Evans

FoundationRobert F. FairchildJanice P. FarrellFlora FeigenspanClinton A. FieldsMr. & Mrs. Robert C. FiskJeffrey & Robin FleckMr. & Mrs. Lee M. FolgerAlexander C. ForbesCarolyn N. & Jean FraleyThe Franklin MintMitchel FrommTanina FrougePika FundOliver M. GaleThe Ann & Gordon Getty FoundationJoyce A. GodwinGenevieve W. GoreAlice & Henry GraefeLeila S. GreenRuth C. GreenbergKristen GriesemerDoris G. GriffithMr. & Mrs. Patrick W. GrossDavid GuldenKaren GuptaRichard & Kathlene GuthHeather & Paul HaagaMr. & Mrs. Charles P. HaberMr. & Mrs. Michael HammSally & John HandsDr. & Mrs. Alan D. HarleyThe William H. & Mattie Wattis

Harris FoundationBrian N. HebeisenMr. & Mrs. Harvard K. HeckerMr. & Mrs. Peter HeydonMr. & Mrs. James W. HoveyTom Hoyt

Kimberly M. HughesMrs. Philip HulitarAnna JeffreyDaniel & Lane JonesStephen G. JuelsgaardGeorge A. Kahrl, Kathleen Crawford

Kahrl & Peter Jessup CrawfordKahrl

Harriet A. KarkutMr. & Mrs. Thomas W. Keesee IIIRobert N. KohmanMrs. Hallam J. KoonsStephen & Pamela KrieghAnne KrizmanJohn D. LambPeter & Deborah LammRosemary and Ted Lassiter

FoundationPhilip A LathrapBelina LazzarMrs. Howard Lewis, Jr.Phoebe R. LewisDavid LowensteinLuster Family FoundationMr. & Mrs. John W. MadiganJohn MalcolmBrian C. MalkAnn Louise MapesAlison P. MarksGeorge G. MatthewsMr. & Mrs. Peter MatthiessenKathleen L. McCarthyMichael McCrackenPatricia McCurdyW. Wallace McDowell, Jr.Stevenson McIlvaine & Penelope

BreeseS. W. McIntireKatharine R. McLaneCarl MellentineMr. & Mrs. Richard MelsheimerDaniel MiklovicMr. & Mrs. Frank A. MillerKristie MillerCatherine & Richard MooreHatsy H. MooreKenneth F. Mountcastle, Jr.Mr. & Mrs. James NelsonMaxine R. NemiroffMr. & Mrs. Ofer NemirovskyMarc NeremMr. & Mrs. John H. NorrisColin O’ConnorMartha O’RourkeThe Ohrstrom FoundationOut of Africa Park, Inc.The Overall Family FoundationJoAnne Overleese, M.D.Janet P. OwenMr. & Mrs. Henry M. Paulson, Jr.Frances G. PepperCharles L. PhillimoreLouis B. Pieper Jr.Leslie F. Pomerantz

Jo Anne PostThomas P. PrevasJohn C. PritzlaffMr. & Mrs. John C. Pritzlaff Jr.Claire ProffittMr. & Mrs. Parker S. QuillenFrances RaminRobert A. RaminWilliam RamsayJudy RasmusonDean RemingtonNancy R. RiceMr. & Mrs. Frank RitcheyEleanor RoachAileen V. RobertsMr. & Mrs. T. Gary RogersGeorge W. RosboroughJacqueline S. RussellRobin SalmonLylah M. SchieckMrs. J. Vincent SchlegelElinor V. SchmidtMr. & Mrs. Charles B. ScofieldK. SeshadriVirginia ShirleyMrs. Robert V. SibertMr. & Mrs. Jonathan SmithWalter R. SpoffordThe Stans FoundationWilliam Stein Charitable Fund of the

Kalamazoo FoundationMr. & Mrs. Joseph T. SteuerFrances W. StevensonFrank A. StiversMr. & Mrs. Theodore Story IIIMr. & Mrs. George StraussSabin StreeterScott StruthersMr. & Mrs. Robert D. Stuart, Jr.Joanna SturmLouis F. TagliatelaThomas TalbertFrederick H. TestDr. & Mrs. J. P. TheoJohn L. ThorndikeMrs. B. W. ThoronRichard C. TimmDorothy C. TreismanUncharted Outposts InternationalDavid P. VanderveenCinda & Arthur VerbinSally K. WadeJulius WalthallWashington Foundation FundCarlota WebsterM. G. WebsterJean WertsFrederick J. WeyerhaeuserMrs. Phyllis Whitney-TaborMr. & Mrs. Bill D. WiggerStewart Willason & Elizabeth KirschMrs. Howard Willett, Jr.Mr. & Mrs. Frederick F. WilliamsLinda P. Williams


Thomas L. WilliamsDr. & Mrs. John A. WilsonMr. & Mrs. John H. T. WilsonJohn WinnNancy Hamill WinterStephen K. WooMrs. Gordon WrightR. Michael WrightLisa Yano

$500 to $999

Anonymous (1)Glenn AlexanderSarah R. AllanMrs. Robert Amory, Jr.Robert L. AndrusElinor M. AreggerMarc ArmstrongBarbara AtwoodAgnes C. BalfourMr. & Mrs. Robert W. BarbourHal BareboCharles BartonMr. & Mrs. Robert BatemanMr. & Mrs. Richmond S. BatesLucia V. BattenFrancis J. BeattyMr. & Mrs. Peter BenedictMr. & Mrs. Warren Bicknell IIIFred BlackwoodMargaret S. BlockMr. & Mrs. Michael A. BloomThomas & Cecelia BolzPeter W. BoothMena & David BoulangerRon & Susan BriggsK. D. BrownRobert C. BrumberJim BrundigeWaltraud BucklandGrinnel BurkeCarol S. CampbellCatherine CaneauJudith L. CarlsonAnne ChapmanEugene C. CoanJohn B. ColquittElizabeth ColtonMolly E. CopeBradford CoupeKarin DanbyToni DavisonMr. & Mrs. Robert G. DawsonMag DimondPatricia A. DonahueTheodore S. DonaldsonMr. & Mrs. Gerry DoubledayMaud B. DukeHenry W. EdgellMark EisnerH. N. ElliottJoel EpsteinErb FoundationMarjorie L. Fasman

Eleanor S. FentonJames T. FieldOksana FolwarkiwLorie A. FrankovicAndrew L. FreyCarol FrickLynn FriesenMitchell M. GeffenMichael GinnWalter E. GistWayne GlaserBeverly E. GoughBarbara W. GrahamNancy H. GreenMr. & Mrs. Richard C. GreenElizabeth GriffinHerbert W. GullquistLaurie GunstMary HaldaneMrs. Chester HamiltonJeffrey HansenMr. & Mrs. George H. HarmonGeorge HarrelSusan M. HarriganMarie HertzigEric J. HeywardDorothy S. HinesGeorgianna HolbrookJames C. HolcombHerbert HorvitzElizabeth HubbardGeorge JacobusLois JensenThomas I. JensenRobert M. JohnsonWendy M. JohnsonRobert A. Johnston FoundationJudy M. JuddHelen F. KelbertBrooks KelleyKathleen Kemper & Gary B. SmithDudley J. KierulffLinda KigerLayton E. KingHenry A. KissingerEvelyn KlingelKathleen KnightJoelle K. KornellKatharine KosmakLee KottkeCarol KurtzLeonard M. KurzArt LaboeSusan E. Lake-RawsonRobert LandeRobert C. LarsonCynthia LearyMel LevyRoxanne W. LevyEleanor N. LewisWilliam LichtenbergerMr. & Mrs. Andrew LindbladAdams D. LittleJennifer Loggie

Robert M. LowenCarol LushearLouise R. MalakoffRoss ManleyHelen MariniMr. & Mrs. Gary MarshallRochelle J. MartelJean D. MatuszMichael McConnellJohn McQuillanSally McVeighRachel L. MellonHerbert MiddletonA S. MobleyJane E. MooreAnn MorrisJames E. MurphyJosephine L. MurrayJohn MurtfeldtRoger W. NeillNew Adventures, Inc.Marguerite S. NicholsSusan O’ConnorElizabeth W. OberdorferC. W. E. PaineHeidi PalmerVirginia L. PayneSteven PetakTimothy PetersFrederick D. PetrieJudith PickersgillBetsy P. PruddenMarion N. PurcellHelen M. RanneyWilliam A. ReaHans RisKenneth J. RyanGladys SandersChristine SaridakisTakako SatoJohn W. SchieffelinBetty L. SchnaarCharles ScottSandra P. SeidenfeldPhilip R. SiegelbaumJames G. SimmondsFrederick M. SmithMartita SmithStephen S. SmithStan C. SmockJon SpitzMartha SteenstrupNathan SungCatherine G. SymchychVirginia M. TateDonna A. TaylorDanielle ThuMrs. Benjamin C. TilghmanSally S. TongrenMr. & Mrs. Robert M. TopolWilliam C. TostTree of Life, Inc.Jan TullisAaron Turkewitz

Karleen TurnbullNadia Von NimitzEmily V. WadeRachel WaltonDonald E. WayKatharine B. WhippleBetsy M. WhitingKenneth J. WiesenRichard WinchellEleanora M. WorthMontague YudelmanJohn J. ZanettiAlfred G. ZantzingerSteve J. Zlotkin

*deceased

KILIMANJAROSOCIETYAfrican WildlifeFoundation is pleased tohonor members of theKilimanjaro Society, agroup of extraordinaryAWF supporters who haveincluded our organizationin their wills or throughother estate or financialplans. Bequests andplanned gifts provide forAWF’s vital program workin perpetuity. Future generations of elephants,mountain gorillas, lions,rhinos and other precious creatures will become a living legacy of our members’ farsighted generosity.

Anonymous (74)Aileen Titus AllenJeane Ann AllenMary P. AmosJanet E. ArmstrongBarbara BabcockAnne BaerJoan Slatkin BartonMrs. D. G. BatchRichmond & Lili BatesMarlys J. Becker


Jane B. BeckwithSurya BolomJames R. & Suzanne M. BrockCol. Dellas A. & Anita G. BrownMrs. Waltraud BucklandRuth E. BurkhardtDrs. Robert B. P. & Cynthia R. BurnsJohn & Theresa CederholmElena CitkowitzWilliam D. Crooks IIILouis Brendan CurranSusan M. CurryDianne C. DanaDavid C. DeLaCourJoyce Dobkins Albert & Eleanor EnglerSharon Edel Finzer Barbara L. FlowersConstance F. FrazierMelanie G. FredericksPaul & Luanne GaglianoW. A. & Lela GarardJane W. GastonLovelle GibsonSusan M. GonzalezAvis S. GoodwinM. M. GraffCarroll Ann HodgesMrs. William A. InskeepPeggy N. Jackson-PragerKathryn C. Johnson & Scott R.

BerryPauline E. KayesMary E. KentEva D. KernMrs. Hallam J. KoonsKenneth A. KreinhederKirk & Marjorie E. LawtonCheryl & Kevin LeslieJoyce Leyland George Loukides & Sam M. TomlinDenise LoweMr. & Mrs. Dwight E. Lowell II Malcolm & Trish LundCarol LushearCapt. & Mrs. Earl E. Maxfield, Jr.Mr. & Mrs. Henry P. McIntosh IVKatharine R. McLaneDorris W. MediateSam & Sylvia MessinPatricia L. MinnickJo Ann MoorePhyllis F. MountMary Beth NapoliRonald K. & Victoria M. NeillMr. & Mrs. John H. NorrisDr. & Mrs. Samuel L. PeacockJon & Analee PericaHarriet-Anne Duell PiersonMr. & Mrs. Joseph T. PollockKathy D. PreziosiMargaret C. ReardonEleanor RoachJohn R. RoutleyFrank J. Rus, Jr.

Jacqueline S. RussellHassan A. SachedinaChristine Saridakis in memory of

Dianne T. GraffenreidStuart T. Saunders, Jr.Irene SchwallMargaret SeneshenAnahit D. ShaterianGloria A. ShidlerLeon & Fern SiegelVivian C. SontagBill & Jeanne St. ClairNadine Bertin Stearns Nancy M. StevensShelby J. StifleJudy StonehouseLeila Maw StrausWilliam M. TaylorRichard C. TimmLaura A. & Wayne J. WathenMatthew & Ann WeirJean WertsLinda M. WhitePhyllis Whitney-TaborR. Michael WrightMr. & Mrs. Roger Young

In Memoriam

We honor in memoriam thefollowing AWF supporterswhose bequests and gifts inremembrance are providingimportant program supportin perpetuity:

Gifts in memory of Von AmonGifts in memory of Craig C. BlackEsther BloomerHelene K. BrackenRuth BunkerDr. Harry X. CohenGifts in memory of Fred R. CrofootEdith K. Demrick Marjorie A. DeVliegSamuel E. & Hilda S. Duff TrustDale L. HarshmanDorothy HirshonGifts in memory of Lew HurxthalJeanne Gloria LeeRuth C. Manley Gifts in memory of Robinson

McIlvaneGifts in memory of Babs MelnickJean M. MitchellJulius W. Muench Sally H. PattersonGifts in memory of Dr. Wilbur

PritchardGifts in memory of Tyler RiggLeonard R. SargentHarriet S. SchaenenElizabeth C. SchmitzDonna Lee Smith

Walter L. SchwartzHarry J. SommerGifts in memory of John SuttonEvelyn L. TaylorMargaret J. WalshDarcia WeissAlec WilderGifts in memory of Pam Wright

Matching Gifts ProgramContributors 3Com CorporationAdobe Systems, Inc.American Express FoundationAmerican International Group, Inc.Arco Foundation Inc.BP Amoco Foundation, Inc.BP Exploration & Oil Inc.BankAmerica FoundationBecton DickinsonBell Atlantic FoundationThe Black and Decker CorporationThe Candle FoundationThe Capital Group Companies, Inc.Champion International CorporationThe Chase Manhattan FoundationChicago Tribune FoundationThe Chubb CorporationThe Church of Jesus Christ of

Latter-Day Saints FoundationCiticorp FoundationCompaq Matching Gifts ProgramDoris Duke Charitable FoundationExxon CorporationFirstar FoundationGeneral Re CorporationThe J. Paul Getty FoundationGiveForChange.com/Egrants.orgHoughton Mifflin CompanyIBM International FoundationING Barings CorporationJefferies Group, Inc.John Hancock Mutual Life

Insurance Co.Jurika & Voyles, L.P.Henry J. Kaiser Family FoundationMassachusetts Mutual Life

Insurance Co.McDonald’s CorporationMcDonnell DouglasMerrill Lynch & Co. Foundation, Inc.MicrosoftThe Millipore FoundationMobil Foundation, Inc.Monsanto FundJ. P. Morgan Charitable TrustPepsico Foundation Inc.Pfizer, Inc.Philip Morris Companies Inc.Polaroid Foundation, Inc.The Prudential FoundationRachem CorporationReader’s Digest FoundationResidential Funding CorporationThe Rockefeller Foundation

Sedgwick, Inc.Spear, Leads & KelloggSun Microsystems FoundationSussman Family FoundationSwiss Bank CorporationTime Warner, Inc.The Times Mirror FoundationTransamerica FoundationThe UPS FoundationUS WestThe USF&G FoundationUnited TechnologiesVastar Resources, Inc.Verizon FoundationWashington Post Matching Gifts

ProgramThe Waste Management

FoundationWm. Wrigley Jr. Company

Foundation

Public and International SupportBritish Government, Department

for International Development, British Assistance to SmallEnterprise (BASE)

Elefriends/SAVEEnvironmental Systems Reasearch

Institute, ConservationTechnology Support Program

European UnionFauna and Flora InternationalKarl Mayer FoundationUnited States Agency for

International DevelopmentUnited States Department of

InteriorUnited States Fish and Wildlife

ServiceUniversity of Manchester,

Institute of Development andPolicy Management

World Wide Fund for Nature

Contributed Services

Art for the AnimalsJames BalogSteve BeinMark BoultonHoward Gilman FoundationPeter HetzHuntsinger and JefferLeo Burnett U.S.A.Jane Ottenberg & Richard

Creighton, The Magazine GroupT*Com Corporation, Japan


Statement of ActivitiesFor the year ending June 30, 2001, with comparative totals for 2000

Current year operating revenues and expenses 2001 2000

RevenuesIndividuals $ 3,199,333 $ 2,795,031Corporations and foundations 734,958 751,753Government grants and contracts 3,589,089 2,042,638In-kind contributions 54,400 442,290Nonoperating income utilized 619,301 287,324Royalties and other earned revenues 163,227 169,294

Total unrestricted revenues, gains and other support 8,360,308 6,488,330

ExpensesProgram expenses:Conservation field and policy programs 6,899,560 5,280,911Public education 808,477 1,044,844

7,708,037 6,325,755Supporting services expenses:Finance and administration 406,404 595,692Fundraising 653,975 800,458

1,060,379 1,396,150

Total expenses 8,768,416 7,721,905

Current year operating revenues over operating expenses (408,108) (1,233,575)

Nonoperating activities and pledges

Nonoperating activities

Bequests and endowments 621,497 1,415,118Income from long-term investments (452,397) 667,865Nonoperating funds utilized (619,301) (287,324)

Total nonoperating activities and pledges (450,201) 1,795,659

Increase (Decrease) in net assets (858,309) 562,084

Net assets at beginning of year 11,052,237 10,490,153

Net assets at end of year $ 10,193,928 $ 11,052,237

Statement of Financial PositionAs of June 30, 2001

Assets 2001 2000

Cash and cash equivalents $ 968,189 $ 1,241,844Investments 5,363,296 5,337,920Accrued interest 9,923Accounts receivable 198,508 260,869Government grants receivable 3,317,940 3,148,409Pledges and bequests receivable 578,537 1,098,226Prepaid expenses 4,110 14,776Net property and equipment 98,717 162,095Beneficial interest inperpetual trust 33,702 41,568

Total assets 10,562,999 11,315,630

Liabilities

Accounts payable and accrued expenses 278,333 221,104

Annuities payable 90,738 42,289

Total liabilities 369,071 263,393

Net Assets

Unrestricted 6,654,899 7,098,599Temporarily restricted 3,449,529 3,857,637Permanently restricted 89,500 96,001

Total net assets 10,193,928 11,052,237

Total liabilities and net assets $ 10,562,999 $ 11,315,630

Total Revenues$8,360,308

Individuals38%

Publiceducation9% Heartlands

37%Field operations5%

ConservationCenters

22%

Fundraising7%

Program management & technical design15%

Corporations and foundations

9%

Governmentgrants and contracts43%

Other income10%

Total Expenses$8,768,416

Financial Review

Finance and administration5%

C3A F R I C A N W I L D L I F E F O U N D A T I O N

STAFF

Dr. Patrick J. Bergin, President and CEO, WashingtonDr. Helen W. Gichohi, Vice President for Program, NairobiThomas W. Nichols, Vice President for Operations and

CFO, WashingtonRobert A. Ramin, Vice President for Development and

Marketing, WashingtonRosalind J. Aveling, Director, Program Design, Nairobi

Washington Center

Carleena Allen, Senior Staff AccountantElvira Beckner, Office and Information Systems ManagerJeffrey Chrisfield, Accounting ManagerLynn Foden, Program Development OfficerKatharine Frohardt, Program Technical DirectorAmy Hauser, Development Officer, Annual Giving

and MembershipAdam Henson, Program OfficerRonessa Kirby, Receptionist/Staff AssistantBeverly Matlock, Accounting ManagerChristina Nelson, Development AssistantFelix Otieno, Assistant to the PresidentIrene Szturo, Gift Planning OfficerJulie Thompson, Budget ManagerHarry Van Der Linde, Program OfficerAnnika Vieira, Program Development OfficerAmy Wiedemann, Program Development AdministratorWilliam Winslow, Director of FinanceSusan Wyse, Accounting Assistant

Nairobi Center

Dr. Philip Muruthi, Head of Center and SSally Patterson Chief Scientist

Peter Chira, DriverMarianne Dang’ana, Program AssistantNyokabi Gitahi, Legal AssociateMoses N. Kanene, CSC Manager Rashid Kanyou, Driver/Office AssistantEzekiel N. King’ola, Office ManagerAnnette Lanjouw, Director, IGCPPeter Lembuya, Senior Project OfficerDeclyne Likombe, ReceptionistJames Mithamo, LAN AdministratorDoris W. Murimi, Assistant Finance ManagerPolly W. Mwangi, Human Resources AdministratorChristine Nafula, Accounting AssistantDaniel Njoroge, Systems and Compliance AssistantJane N. Njoroge, Finance Support OfficerRachel Oketch, Accounting Assistant, IGCPRaymond R. Rumsey, Jr., Chief, Systems and AdministrationEugene Rutagarama, Program Manager, IGCP Hassan Sachedina, Senior Project OfficerTirus Wainaina, Library Assistant Patrick Wakhu, NRM SpecialistJoanna Elliott, Technical Director, EuropeNamanga

Paul Ntiati, CoordinatorRaphael Jingu, Senior Landscape Conservation OfficerJonathan Lekanayia, Project OfficerTeresia Mburu, Office AssistantAlexander Mungai, DriverBen Mwongela, Senior Enterprise OfficerStephen Ndegwa, Driver

SamburuFiesta A. Warinwa, Landscape Conservation OfficerGichuhi Kariuki, DriverJohnson Mjomba, DriverWangeci Mwai, Enterprise Development OfficerPaul Njuguna, Office Assistant

VirungaHelga Rainer, Country Program Officer, IGCP, UgandaStephen Asuma, Project Officer, IGCP, UgandaMaryke Gray, Monitoring and Evaluation Officer, IGCP RwandaAnecto Kayitare, Project Officer, IGCP, RwandaMark Mwine, Senior Enterprise Officer, Rwanda

Arusha Center

Dr. James Kahurananga, Head of Center and CoordinatorNurdin Abdallah, GardenerEmmanuel Gwandu, Office CaretakerRehema Iddi, Office AssistantGodson Kadallah, DriverJacob Karua, DriverAbdul Katabaro, Senior Administrative OfficerAllan Kijazi, Project OfficerAlfred Kikoti, Project OfficerJoseph Koimere, Game ScoutJohn Kombe, GuardVictoria Lyimo, Administration and Finance AssistantSalome Makange, Legal OfficerElizabeth Mhando, Administrative Support OfficerTiplit Mkaine, Game ScoutTusime Mutabuzi, DriverDavis S. Mziray, DriverSemetei Ngauwo, Game ScoutRafael Ole Mako, Project OfficerLemidia Orkine, Game ScoutLengiro Orngiro, Game ScoutLucas Silim, DriverAbu-baker Wandera, Monitoring & Evaluation Project OfficerAlly Hamadi Yahaya, Driver

Zambezi Center

Henry Mwima, Head of Center and CoordinatorBen Chanda, Project OfficerLeonard Dikobe, Project OfficerKingsley Gofhamodimo, Senior Enterprise OfficerHarare

Isidore Gwashure, Director, Conservation EnterpriseSimon Metcalfe, Technical Director, Southern Africa

KaribaDora Kamweneshe, CoordinatorJimmiel Mandima, Project Officer

LivingstoneCharles Akashambatwa, Community Development OfficerPatricia Jere, Legal OfficerNicholas Mulemena, Accounts AssistantWairimu Mungai, Senior Enterprise OfficerVictor Mwengwe, Driver

LusakaDavid Mulolani, Enterprise Services Manager

Victoria FallsCharles Govo, Senior Administrative OfficerFaith Manthenge, ReceptionistGeorge Ndlovu, Office AssistantNesbert Samu, CSC ManagerThinkwell Sangweni, DriverDavid Sumba, Monitoring and Evaluation Officer

White River Center

Elizabeth Chadri, Head of Center and CSC ManagerPatrick Chauke, Senior Enterprise ManagerPromise Chibi, Office AssistantLamson Maluleke, Community Development OfficerFreddy Mathabela, Field AssistantMagdalena Olivier, Administration and Finance Officer

TRUSTEES

Stuart T. Saunders, Jr., ChairWilliam P. Richards, Jr., Vice ChairPatrick J. Bergin, PresidentVictoria Leslie, SecretaryDouglas C. Walker, TreasurerCrandall C. BowlesWendy M. BreckGeorge R. Bunn, Jr.David ChallinorJoan DonnerDale F. DornJudson C. GreenLeila S. GreenJohn H. HeminwayChristine HemrickJennifer E. InskeepWilliam E. JamesDennis J. KellerRobin LloydHenry P. McIntosh IVAnne B. MizeEleanor G. NalleJohn H. NorrisJacqueline S. RussellPaul A. SchosbergCraig R. SholleyLisa M. StevensBarry R. SullivanDavid ThomsonMatthew T. WeirGordon Wilson

Trustees EmeritiArthur W. ArundelE.U. Curtis BohlenGeorge C. HixonRichard M. JacksonRussell E. Train

EditorialSharon K. Congdon,The Magazine Group

DesignKevin Hambel,The Magazine Group

Production ManagementSoliteir Jaeger,The Magazine Group

PhotographyMark Boulton, a zoologist and

educator, has workedas an internationalenvironmental educa-tor for 30 years. Hefounded and directsthe International

Centre for Conservation Education.His images are offered byPhotoResearchers and BruceColeman, and he has made his photographs available pro bono toselected nonprofit groups, includingAWF and many African NGOs.

Mark BoultonConservation Education Consultants+44 (0) 1242 [email protected]

Printed on Recycled Paper

WASHINGTON, D.C. , OFFICE1400 Sixteenth Street , N.W. Suite 120 Washington, D.C. 20036tel : 202-939-3333fax: 202-939-3332e-mai l : a f r i canwi ld l i f [email protected]

AFRICAN CONSERVATION CENTERSNairobi , KenyaWhite River, South Afr icaArusha, TanzaniaKampala, UgandaVictoria Fal l s , Zimbabwe

conserving years of

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