34 Wall Street, Suite 502 Asheville, NC 28801-2710

phone: 828-253-0095 fax: 828-253-1248

sahc@appalachian.org www.appalachian.org

Front and back cover photographs courtesy of David Ramsey

The Accreditation Seal is a trademark owned by the Land Trust Accreditation Commission and are used under license.

A special thank you to Carolina Mountain Land Conservancy, which provided

much of the text for this document.

Conservation Easement

Owner’s Manual

Protecting the World’s Oldest Mountains

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Greetings From Southern Appalachian Highlands Conservancy

On behalf of Southern Appalachian Highlands Conservancy, I welcome you as the owner of a conserved property. Thank you for making the deci-sion to protect your land. We trust that you are as committed to the perpet-ual conservation of your property as we are, and we look forward to work-ing with you to ensure that the purposes of the conservation easement are supported.

We have prepared this manual to inform you of your rights and responsi-bilities as a holder of a conserved property and the assistance available from SAHC to help you meet those obligations.

We hope you will contact our staff if you have any questions about your easement. We wish you the best in the management of your newly conserved property and many years of enjoyment and satisfaction from knowing you saved a place you love.

Sincerely,

Hanni Muerdter, Stewardship & Conservation Planning Director Sarah Sheeran, Stewardship Associate 34 Wall Street, Suite 502 Asheville, NC 28801-2710 phone: 828-253-0095, ext 206 fax: 828-253-1248 hanni@appalachian.org

Mission Statement

The mission of the Southern Appalachian Highlands Conser-vancy is to conserve the unique plant and animal habitat, clean water, farmland and scenic beauty of the mountains of North Carolina and Tennessee for the benefit of present and future generations. We achieve this by forging and maintain-ing conservation relationships with private landowners and public agencies, owning and managing land, and encouraging healthy local communities.

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Conservation Real Estate Brokers*

Selling your conservation easement property? Conservation real es-tate brokers serve the needs of conservation minded sellers and buy-ers to facilitate real estate transactions to protect highly valued con-servation properties. Frontline Conservation Real Estate Appalachian Realty Associates PO Box 304 23 Arlington Street Boone, NC 28607 Asheville, NC 28801 828-265-1137 828-255-7530 Conservation Advisors Patty & Ben Woolf 27 West Main Street Carolina Mountain Sales Brevard, North Carolina 28712 1550 Hendersonville Rd, Suite 210 828-877-6404 Asheville, NC 28803 828-230-0940

Environmental Consultation Companies & Native Nurseries*

The following companies are available to help landowners with natural resource conservation, responsible land management., and/or native plants.

Equinox Environmental Forest Stewards 37 Haywood Street, Suite 100 Western Carolina University Asheville, North Carolina 28801 Dept. of Geosci & Natural Resources (828) 253-6856 331 Stillwell Building www.equinoxenvironmental.com Cullowhee, NC 28723 828-227-3388 foreststewards.net Altamont Environmental Carolina Native Nursery 231 Haywood St 1126 Prices Creek Rd, Asheville, NC 28801 Burnsville, NC 28714 828) 281-3350 (828) 682-1471 www.mtsecological.com www.carolinanativenursery.com Botanical Treasures Nursery EcoForesters 106 Sandy Creek Trail PO Box 16007 Fletcher, NC 28732 Asheville, NC 28816 828-654-8364 828-484-6842 www.botanicaltreasures.com www.ecoforesters.org

*SAHC does not endorse specific companies. These are incomplete lists.

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North Carolina Division of Forest Resources & Tennessee Division of Forestry

County Rangers are directly involved with forest management assis-tance to private landowners, reforestation services, forest fire pre-vention and suppression, and insect and disease control programs.

Avery County NC Buncombe County NC Joe Shoupe, County Ranger Rob Townley, County Ranger 242 Prison Camp Road 1899 Glen Bridge Road SE Newland, NC 28657 Arden, NC 28704 828-766-8043 828-687-9291

Haywood County NC Jackson County NC Harry Lee Ward, Jr., County Ranger James Turpin, County Ranger 88 Ed Green Road 443 Highway 116 Clyde, NC 28721 Sylva, NC 28779 828-627-6551 828-586-4007

Madison County NC McDowell County NC Wesley Bailey John Reese, County Ranger 3744 NC 213 Hwy. 139 College Drive Marshall, NC 28753 Marion, NC 28752 828-649-3821 828-652-2636

Mitchell County NC Yancey County NC Alan Huskins, County Ranger Roger Thompson, County Ranger 125 Forest Service Road P.O. Box 1288 Bakersville, NC 28705 Burnsville, NC 28714 828-688-9405 828-682-6788

Carter County TN Unicoi County TN Danny Osborne, Area Forester P.O. Box 202 P.O. Box 906 Jonesborough, TN 37659 Elizabethton, TN 37644 423-753-2851 423-542-9221

Natural Heritage Programs

Natural Heritage Programs inventory, catalogue, and support conser-vation of the most outstanding elements of our natural environment.

NC Natural Heritage Program TN Natural Heritage Program 1601 Mail Service Center 401 Church Street, 7th Floor L&C Annex Raleigh, NC 27699-1601 Nashville, Tennessee 37243-0447 919-715-4195 615-532-0431

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What to Expect As A Conservation Easement Landowner

Conservation Easements

A conservation easement (or conservation agreement) is a legal agreement between a landowner and a land trust or govern-ment agency that permanently limits uses of the land in order to protect its conservation values. It allows you to continue to own and use your land and to sell it or pass it on to heirs.

Baseline Documentation

A Baseline Documentation Report is created for every conser-vation easement. This records the characteristics of the land at the time of the easement transaction and identifies the conser-vation values of the project. It includes a survey and maps showing the geographic location of the easement, the location of any improvements, and where photographs were taken on the property. The baseline report serves as the foundation for future monitoring and documentation in the event an issue arises. As owners exercise reserved rights, or as other changes to the property occur, Southern Appalachian Highlands Con-servancy will record descriptions and photos in our permanent records to provide a continual record of changes to the ease-ment area.

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Boundaries

Knowing the location of the boundaries of your easement area is an essential element in fulfilling our obligation to protect the conservation values. Clearly demarcating the boundaries helps ensure adjacent landowners and others will respect the easement area. We have signs for this purpose and can provide you with a batch if you would like to post them yourself. We can also help you post them as time allows. Please contact the SAHC office for more information.

Monitoring

Periodic monitoring is crucial to the continued security of the conservation values protected by easements and is necessary to fulfill IRS requirements. Moni- toring establishes a record of responsible stewardship and detects issues early. It also helps Southern Appalachian High- lands Conservancy and the land- owner to maintain a good work- ing relationship. Easement monitoring involves an annual visit from SAHC staff and/or qualified volunteers to inspect the easement area, document any changes, and evaluate those changes in respect to the con-servation easement. You are always welcome to accompany us during a monitoring visit. SAHC will notify you when we would like to monitor your property. After the visit, you will receive a letter and report notifying you the monitoring visit was completed. Please review it and save it for your records.

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Cooperative Extension Offices Cooperative Extension gives residents easy access to resources and expertise of North Carolina and Tennessee State Universi-ties through educational programs, publications and events. Agents deliver unbiased, research-based information on eco-nomic prosperity, environmental stewardship and improved quality of life. Avery County NC Buncombe County NC 805 Cranberry St 94 Coxe Avenue Newland, NC 28657 Asheville, NC 28801 828-733-8270 828-255-5522 Haywood County NC Jackson County NC 589 Raccoon Rd., Suite 118 538 Scotts Creek Rd/suite 205 Waynesville, NC 28786 Sylva, NC 28779 828-456-3575 828-586-4009 Madison County NC McDowell County NC 258 Carolina Lane 60 E Court St Marshall, NC 28753 Marion, NC 28752 828-649-2411 828-652-7874 Mitchell County NC 10 S Mitchell Ave Bakersville, NC 28705 828-688-4811 Yancey County NC 10 Orchard Dr Burnsville, NC 28714 828-682-6186 Carter County TN 824 E. Elk Avenue Elizabethton, TN 37643-2492 423-542-1818 Unicoi County TN 100 Main Avenue, Suite 107 Erwin, TN 37650-1251 423-743-9584

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Soil & Water Conservation District Offices NC Division of Soil and Water Conservation cooperates with federal agencies and local partners to administer a comprehen-sive statewide program to protect and conserve the state's soil and water resources. The Division delivers programs in non-point source pollution management, cost share for agricultural best management practices, technical and engineering assis-tance, soil surveys, conservation easements, and environmental and conservation education. Avery County NC PO Box 190 Newland, NC 28657 828-733-2291 Buncombe County NC 155 Hilliard Avenue Suite 204 Asheville NC 28801 828-250-4785 Haywood County NC Jackson County NC 589 Raccoon Rd., Suite 203 Community Services Bldg, Suite 110 Waynesville, NC 28786 538 Scotts Creek Road 828-456-5132x3 Sylva, NC 28779 828-586-6344 Madison County NC McDowell County NC 4388 Highway 25/70, Suite 2 County Administration Annex Marshall, NC 28753 60 East Court Street 828-649-3313x3 Marion, NC 28752 828-652-7121 Mitchell County NC Yancey County NC 217 Spruce Pine Shopping Ctr #B 22 East By-Pass, Suite 1 Spruce Pine, NC 28777-3423 Burnsville, NC 28714 828-765-4701 828-682-3410 Carter County TN Unicoi County TN 419 West Elk Avenue, #2 100 N. Main Street Elizabethton, TN 37643 P.O. Box 345 423-542-6461 x3 Erwin, TN 37650 423-743-9411

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Reserved Rights You may have reserved rights in your easement document that allow certain types of development or activities on the pro-tected property. Some reserved rights may be permitted only once, while others are perpetual. Certain activities are restricted to a portion of the easement area, while others are unrestricted as to location. In many cases, prior consent by Southern Appa-lachian Highlands Conservancy is required before the com-mencement of any construction or the execution of other re-served rights. When prior consent is required, it is very impor-tant that you notify SAHC and submit plans in advance. If a planned activity is in compliance with the conservation ease-ment, SAHC will send written approval. If it is not in compli-ance, you will be asked to submit alternate plans. A record of all exercised reserved rights is kept in our permanent files. You are responsible for being aware of and complying with all laws on your property. If the law requires permits or notification of any government agencies before undertaking an activity, you must complete those steps before going forward. SAHC is re-sponsible only for evaluating your plans with regard to the easement area. Likewise, when government officials evaluate your plans, they will not consider whether your plans meet the terms of the conservation easement. We are committed to working with you in a timely manner to ensure any proposed activity is appropriate. We have included a list of management resources at the end of this manual, and SAHC staff are always available to answer questions or recom-mend professionals we have worked with in the past.

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Changes in Ownership As with any property, land subject to a conservation easement changes hands over time. In order to ensure perpetual protec-tion of our conservation easements, we ask that you notify all potential buyers and lessees about the easement on your prop-erty. We are available to speak to prospective buyers regarding the terms of the easement. We also ask that you notify SAHC if you sell your property or if you transfer ownership to an-other party. It is very important that prospective landowners of property protected by conservation easements understand the significance of the easement; what it means, its restrictions, and SAHC’s monitoring protocol. When we are notified of new landowners we can contact them, introduce our organiza-tion, and ensure the conservation easement is understood. In addition, we will explain our stewardship program and answer any questions the new owners may have. Establishing contact immediately with the new landowners helps us to minimize misunderstandings and prevent violations of easement terms. For a list of some conservation real estate brokers in the area, see page 11.

Tax Benefits In accepting your project, Southern Appalachian Highlands Conservancy determined that your property has significant conservation value. We strive to ensure our conservation ease-ment properties meet and exceed the conservation value re-quirements of the IRS. After the completion of your conserva-tion easement donation you will receive an official acknowl-edgement of the receipt of your gift, including IRS Form 8283. Fill out the entire form and have your appraiser sign it and then return the form for us to countersign along with a copy of the appraisal report.

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Resources for Landowners

Southern Appalachian Highlands Conservancy encourages landowners to be good stewards of their easement property. Below are resources for land management issues relating to erosion control, farm management and sound forest manage-ment. Before implementing any land management activities, consult your easement and contact SAHC.

Natural Resource Conservation Service

NRCS puts over 70 years of experience to work in assisting owners of America's private land with conserving their soil, water, and other natural resources. Cost shares and financial incentives are available in some cases. Every county in North Carolina and Tennessee is served by a NRCS office. Avery County NC Buncombe County NC 146 West B Street, Unit 3 155 Hilliard Ave., Suite 204 Newland, NC 28657 Asheville, NC 28801 828-733-2291 828-254-0916x3 Haywood County NC Jackson County NC 589 Raccoon Rd., Suite 203 Community Services Bldg, Suite 110 Waynesville, NC 28786 538 Scotts Creek Road 828-456-5132x3 Sylva, NC 28779 828-586-6344 Madison County NC McDowell County NC 4388 Highway 25/70, Suite 2 Co. Administration Annex, Rm 200 Marshall, NC 28753 15 North Garden Street 828-649-3313x3 Marion, NC 28752 828-652-4434 Mitchell County NC Yancey County NC 11943 South 226 Highway, Suite C 22 East By-Pass, Suite 1 Spruce Pine, NC 28777-3423 Burnsville, NC 28714 828-765-4701 828-682-2466 Carter County TN Unicoi County TN 419 West Elk Avenue, #2 100 N. Main Street Elizabethton, TN 37643 P.O. Box 345 423-542-2341x3 Erwin, TN 37650 423-743-9411