CONNECTED CARSHow Technology Companies Are Shaping

the Future of Driving

Table of Contents

Vehicles have a special place in our lives. After all, the style, color, brand and even the size of our automobiles reflect something about us personally -- just like the shoes we wear. More than simply getting us from point a to point b, our cars shape our experiences, too. Whether we prefer the throaty growl of a manual shift sports car on a mountain road, the spacious sport utility with room for kids and a dog or even the ultra convenient and elegant UberBlack service, each of us rides around in a symbol that tells the world a little bit about who we are. Perhaps that’s a major reason for the dramatic growth around technology in the automotive industry. We demand more from our autos. And as millions of families head out on that summer road trip, the car becomes a temporary living space -- it may as well be intelligent and connected, too.

Large technology companies and auto companies alike appear to agree. After all, Google has developed a prototype of its own self-driving car last year and even Tesla already has production vehicles with impressive driver-assisting features. When you learn about the exciting technology finding its way into our vehicles, our cars start to resemble rolling smartphone platforms on steroids.

So, as our cars become increasingly high-tech, the companies that design and build them are having to change, too. Because much of the technology finding its way into our vehicles is coming from innovative companies outside the auto industry, partnerships between car manufacturers and technology manufacturers that know how to build robust communication systems is crucial. Strategic partnerships bring communications technologies, information systems and safety devices to new vehicles. These partnerships promise to redefine not just how cars are used but also the relationship between a car and its driver. Ultimately, today’s connected car technology will pave the way for tomorrow’s fully autonomous vehicles.

1Introduction

Will Your Next Mechanic Be a Software Engineer?

Incredible technologies are already culminating to create intuitive driving experiences that are safer, quicker and more connected to our world in ways we could have scarcely imagined a decade ago. It all starts with connectivity.

Wireless connectivity in automobiles isn’t new. Many vehicles already have built-in cellular hardware. The best example is General Motors’ built-in wireless OnStar service, which, through sensors, automatically detects things like when your car has been in an accident. The OnStar system then uses the wireless connection to contact the car and check on the status of the driver.

In other words, technologies required to make our cars super connected in interesting ways are either already in use or under development now, promising seamless communications between other cars and even other machines. Right now, many newer vehicles use software-controlled Electronic Control Units (ECUs) to power everything from dashboard instruments to safety features to powertrain components to in-vehicle infotainment (IVI) systems, making them more dependent on or even controlled by software and sensors than ever before.

As vehicles rely upon an increasing number of ECUs, software innovations in the auto industry are becoming as critical as hardware innovation, accelerating the pace of product and feature changes. As a result, vehicle updates that can take advantage of a software iteration cycle measured in months rather than a hardware cycle measured in years offers clear advantages to consumers.

2

The Cloud and the Future of Auto Maintenance

Tesla understands the importance of software updates. In 2014, Tesla owners received enhancements via a software update sent directly from Tesla to the car. What’s more, this wasn’t the first time Tesla has used such updates to enhance the performance of its cars. Previously, Tesla remotely shared software updates to improve suspension settings.

And Tesla is just the beginning. Egil Juliussen, director of research for automotive electronic technology for IHS Automotive, notes that about 30,000 vehicles have been updated over the air in 2014. In 2015, over-the-air software upgrades will expand to 230,000 and reach one million in 2016. By 2020, about 22 million new vehicles globally will accept software upgrades over-the-air.

Nevertheless, over the air updates for our vehicles tell just part of the story around how cloud services are reshaping the automobile industry. Already, our cars are the third fastest growing connected devices and it is estimated that by 2020, 90 percent of cars will be connected to the Internet. So, our cars (and car manufacturers) will become more like smartphones and smartphone companies.

Connected car technologies will build the foundation for an eventual self-driving car. It all starts with wireless communications.

10mlines of code per car

90%of cars will be

Internet connected by 2020

32%of global cars

smartphone-connected by 2017

83%of cars crashes canbe avoided by using

connected vehicle tech

3rdfastest-growing

connected device

70%of U.S. cars smartphone-connected by 2017

$98.42billion market by 2018

Securing the Connected Car Ecosystem

For this reason, one of the major considerations for continued growth within the connected car market lies with securing critical automobile communication systems.

Perhaps that is why several important initiatives spearheaded by large technology companies include robust standards that promise greater security for our connected car communications.

Recently, researchers demonstrated a real-time remote car hacking of a Jeep SUV as it was being driven by a Wired reporter. The researchers were able to remotely access and control the vehicle’s air-conditioning, radio, and windshield wipers and eventually the accelerator, brakes and even the steering wheel by exploiting commands sent through the Jeep’s entertainment system.

The U.S. Congress is so concerned that it is proposing the “SPY Car Act” that would instruct the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) to establish federal standards of protection for vehicles and drivers’ data.

But in the mean time, there are initiatives underway by major technology companies to develop standards and best practices that could significantly improve vehicle security.

HOW DO WE SECURE OUR CARS?

> Design security into hardware & software> Create safe

networks

> Build security into ECUs

> Control access to remote services

> Uniquely ID & authenticate users

3

Standardardized, secure communication networks just for cars? The IEEE 802.11p is a promising solution.

In fact, the European Union is planning a smart corridor based on 802.11p with LTE integration between the Netherlands and Austria. As an international standard vehicular communication system designed specifically

for connections between high-speed vehicles, IEEE 802.11p could outline the dedicated Wi-Fi standard supporting all future Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) around the world. In fact, IEEE proposes a

family of standards for vehicular networks called WAVE (Wireless Access in the Vehicular Environment).

With robust standards in place, buses, taxis, emergency vehicles and utility fleets responding to an emergency could “talk” to each other quickly and efficiently. In the event of a major

disaster, chemical sensors, cameras and 3D imaging equipment attached to these vehicles might literally create composite images and maps of the situation in real-time, combining

image and sensor data in novel ways.

And other large initiatives could move vehicle-to-vehicle communications forward, too.

Known as the Open Interconnect Consortium (OIC) and founded by Cisco, Dell, Intel and other chip makers and technology device companies, the

OIC promotes interoperability between Internet of Things (IoT) devices, including our vehicles. The consortium aims to deliver specifications for

standardized data flow between “things,” for any operating system, over Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, ZigBee and NFC (near-field communication) for

any device and intelligently manages the communication between devices, regardless of form factor or operating system.

Another large consortium, AllSeen, is also working toward building open standards around the IoT. With companies

like Microsoft, LG, Panasonic and Qualcomm as members, one of AllSeen’s focuses is smart cars. A non-

profit organization in collaboration with the Linux Foundation, AllSeen promotes the widespread

adoption of products, systems and services that support an open Internet of Everything.

The benefit? Car-to-car connections will become so secure, they’ll eventually rival

any secure Internet connection on the planet. With that, cars will go beyond

connecting to each other. They’ll connect to fueling stations to

pay your bill at the pump and even to the cash register as

you place your order at the drive-thru.

Leveraging Demand for Better Telematics and Infotainment

If the Tesla brand is any indication, the connected car promises to be way cooler than a smartphone because, what would have sounded like sci-fi a few years ago, is in production today. The Tesla 85D is a semi-autonomous vehicle that uses sonar and cameras to make lane changes, read road signs and even brake automatically in autopilot mode. Inside the 85D, the technology is just as impressive. Tesla’s infotainment system looks more like a giant media tablet than a dashboard, offering a 17-inch touch screen and the same computing power as the latest smartphone.

So, as you may have guessed, the fact that this car can travel 295 miles on a single charge is likely not its biggest selling point. And there’s so much more. The Model S monitors traffic before you even start your weekday commute and alerts you with a pop-up message on the 17-inch touchscreen when a faster route is available. A Tesla will even let you give it a nickname. Maybe best of all, in Asia, consumers can purchase a Tesla vehicle through the social media app, WeChat.

Tesla is just one example of a growing trend. According to a PwC report, just a decade ago, the cost of electronics and software in autos was less than 20 percent of the total cost of a vehicle. Today, it approaches 35 percent. Additionally, electronics systems contribute more than 90 percent of innovations and new features to new vehicles. However, a Consumer Reports survey found consumers reported infotainment systems as the most troublesome feature in 2014 vehicles. As a result, manufacturers that partner with technology companies already innovating around connected communication systems stand to powerfully differentiate their product and deliver superior systems.

And just as our phones are now tracking various health metrics, sensors embedded in our steering wheels, seats and foot pedals may someday monitor things like our galvanic skin resistance, CO2 levels, electrocardiogram and skin temperature to alert us to drowsiness, high blood pressure and stress levels that might impact our driving ability.

4

Sonar LiDarNight-Vision Cameras

Adaptive cruise control

Lane departure warning

Collision avoidance Self-Parking

by 2020$35.2billion

$22.1billion

in 2015

STRONG GROWTH IN GLOBALAUTO SENSOR MARKET

These Aren’t Your Father’s Headlights

Until fairly recently, there haven’t been many disruptive changes in headlight technology. But as with all of the other advances around the Internet of Things, headlights now feature sophisticated camera, sensor and motor systems that make predecessors seem really primitive.

BMW has always had a reputation for building fun to drive cars, embodying taglines like The Ultimate Driving Machine. So, it’s not surprising that it includes an innovative lighting technology it calls adaptive headlights, into its vehicles.

Using sensors that measure speed, steering angle and yaw, small electric motors turn the headlights left or right so the beam falls on the road ahead. These headlights even adapt to speed, varying with speed, terrain and even oncoming traffic.

5

Smart headlights will use sophisticated technology, including MEMS and lasers, to automatically adjust our lights to driving conditions.

SMART MEMS HEADLIGHT AUTOMATICALLY REDIRECTS LIGHT FROM ONCOMING CARS

DIGITAL LIGHT PROCESSING

Effective up to 140 MPH

4,700 LUMENS (much brighter thana halogen headlight)

800,000 micromirrors

Ford is developing a camera-based lighting system designed with an infrared camera, GPS and special traffic sign recognition technology. It will alert drivers when someone or something enters the vehicles path, but the real disruption is that the system can remember previously traveled roads and automatically adjust lights to optimize visibility through curves and dips.

However novel these technologies appear within the context of an automobile headlight system, all of these innovations have been incorporated into various systems by technology manufacturing partners already serving military, healthcare, agriculture, mining and even energy sectors. With comprehensive design and global supply chains, technology manufacturing partners provide exactly the scale and innovation required by auto industry partners seeking differentiation in the market.

https://youtu.be/klkqOO7EaW0

Making Safe “Cool” With Augmented Reality

Augmented reality (AR) is a technology that overlays live data (text, images, maps, etc.) and information directly onto a screen — a car’s windshield or a driver’s glasses. Imagine that your windshield is now your dashboard and your route displays as a color-coded roadway to indicate things like oncoming traffic.

Honda scientist, Victor Ng-Thow-Hing, is developing just such a system. “Dying is a bad user experience so you have to think carefully and not trivially when you incorporate augmented reality in a car.”

His system overlays colored outlines along the edges of the road to make navigating safer, especially in bad weather.

By using strategically placed cameras outside the car, MINI is developing an AR vision system that transfers video footage into AR glasses worn by a driver to basically make the car transparent. Known as MINI Augmented Vision, which was unveiled at the Auto Shanghai 2015 motor this past spring, MINI Augmented Vision aims to determine how augmented-reality eyewear might make driving safer and more convenient in the future.

Understanding that cell phones are so distracting that they’ve been implicated as a major reason for accidents, Mercedes-Benz is developing an augmented reality system that projects information that would normally reside on a smartphone onto the windshield, keeping drivers from fumbling for their phone while driving. After all, talking on a cell phone causes nearly 25 percent of car accidents. And texting is even more distracting. For every 6 seconds of drive time, a driver sending or receiving a text message spends 4.6 of those seconds with their eyes off the road. So, for even greater safety, most automobile manufacturers that develop augmented reality systems also incorporate gesture and voice recognition.

And as we drive around the city or take the family on a road trip across the country, our automobiles become less about transportation and more about information. Gathering and displaying data on weather, traffic, maps and road conditions as we travel, our cars are at once visual data centers, smart guides, virtual assistants and cell phones.

Thoughtfully designed augmented reality graphics add context to our moving landscape, guiding us safely until our cars learn to guide themselves.

6

Human Machine Interface (HMI) tech allows us to communicate with ourcars more naturally through gestures, voice and augmented reality.

POPULAR HMI

TRENDS INFLUENCING VEHICLE HMI

Touchpads Voice control and natural speech

recognition

Gesture controls Augmented reality

Personalization

Autonomous DrivingMobilityLegal RegulationsElectric VehiclesOther

56.1%28.6%

7.1%

What Jabil Brings

No one can predict precisely how vehicle-to-vehicle connections will change our lives, but as we shed the last vestiges of our paper and book lives and even the Internet as we now know it, we’ll enter a new industrial era brimming with promises of unbelievable, secure access to new and unique data sets from our vehicles … everywhere on Earth.

To bring these technologies to the world at this scale requires unprecedented manufacturing partnerships that leverage massive intelligent supply chains. Since global manufacturing partners like Jabil already build IoT devices and infrastructure for every imaginable industry, we’re already thinking ahead to what transportation might look like in 2020 and beyond. That way, our customers can focus on what they do best—invent a future that will change everything.

Flexibility and cost avoidance are keystones of Jabil’s Value Engineering Team. In fact, value engineering drives 40 percent of active design. That’s how we play an integral role in intelligently designed and engineered products that improve the value, speed and long-term success of customers across multiple industries. We help companies design, build and take their products to market quickly, affordably and efficiently.

With deep expertise and global partner relationships, Jabil supply chain experts utilize best practices and regional know-how to partner with some of the world’s most notable brands. One of the most comprehensive examples of how Jabil manages complexity lies with its homegrown business intelligence tools and entrepreneurial engineers who build innovative, sophisticated, business intelligence tools for the entire supply chain. These tools provide real-time, actionable insights to customers and business managers throughout the entire supply chain organization who rely on our us to design their supply chains to be agile, economical and effective even in uncertain times.

7

References:

http://www.jabil.com/blog/open-standards-internet-of-things.html

http://www.realmenrealstyle.com/car-affects-image/

http://www.jabil.com/blog/10-Hot-Connected-Car-Trends-for-2015-and-Beyond.html

http://www.jabil.com/blog/Connected-Cars-Communication-is-Easy-Security-is-Not.html

http://www.jabil.com/blog/Look-no-Hands-Self-Driving-Cars-at-CES-2015.html

http://www.jabil.com/blog/until-cars-drive-themselves-augmented-reality-will-help-us-drive-safely.html

http://www.jabil.com/blog/Why-Cheap-Oil-Isnt-Hurting-Tesla-Demand.html

http://www.jabil.com/blog/the-2014-geneva-motor-show-its-all-about-connected-tech.html

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http://www.jabil.com/blog/open-standards-internet-of-things.html

http://www.jabil.com/blog/drive-safely-with-augmented-reality.html

http://www.strategyand.pwc.com/perspectives/2015-auto-trends

http://www.wired.com/2014/02/teslas-air-fix-best-example-yet-internet-things/

http://www.bmw.com/com/en/insights/technology/technology_guide/articles/mm_adaptive_headlights.html

http://www.dezeen.com/2015/04/24/mini-augmented-reality-glasses-allow-drivers-to-see-through-the-body-of-their-car/

http://continental-head-up-display.com/

http://www.jabil.com/expertise-hub/white-papers/Key-Industries-Reshaped-by-the-Cloud.html

http://www.popsci.com/ford-develops-headlights-can-remember-roads

http://www.businessinsider.com/apple-hires-doug-betts-of-fiat-chrysler-2015-7

http://www.economist.com/news/technology-quarterly/21615060-way-cars-are-made-bought-and-driven-changing-mobile-communications

http://www.strategyand.pwc.com/global/home/who_we_are

http://www.jabil.com/blog/the-internet-is-just-getting-started.html

http://www.wired.com/2015/07/hackers-remotely-kill-jeep-highway/

http://www.businessinsider.com/two-us-senators-want-to-keep-your-car-from-being-hacked-2015-7#ixzz3gd3mlEMG

http://media.wix.com/ugd/68bebe_6b0f7f1a8e51476d835c562b16b912ff.pdf

CONNECTED CARSHow Technology Companies Are Shaping

the Future of Driving