CONJUGAL and ABSOLUTE PROPERTY

(Pre-Nuptial Agreement)Ryan Manabat Desoyo

The adjective conjugal describes all husband-and-wife matters, so if someone who is married says, "Single people don't understand "Single people don't understand how I feel," you can be sure it's a how I feel," you can be sure it's a

conjugal situation.conjugal situation.

The word conjugal comes from the Latin word, conjux, meaning "husband, wife."

You’ve no doubt heard of the term “conjugal visits,” to describe private visits between a prisoner and a spouse. But it

can describe anything that happens between married people, such as

conjugal obligations, which are the things you do to keep a marriage going, or just

general conjugal, or married, life.

What is a marriage settlement?

A marriage settlement is an agreement executed between two parties who plan to get married, in preparation for the property regime

that would govern their conjugal property during the marriage. Such agreements are also

commonly known as “Pre-Nuptial Agreement”.

“The future spouses may, in the marriage settlements, agree upon the regime of

absolute community, conjugal partnership of gain, complete separation of property, or any other regime. In the absence of a marriage

settlement, or when the regime agreed upon is void, the system of absolute community of

property as established in this Code shall govern.” (Article 75 of the Family Code of

the Philippines)

What is a property regime?

A property regime is the set of rules agreed upon by the parties, before getting married, which would govern their property relations

during the course of their married life.

What are the different kinds of property regimes in the Philippines?

There are three kinds of property regimes which are recognized by the laws of the Philippines:

Regime of Absolute Community of PropertyRegime of Conjugal Partnership of GainsRegime of Complete Separation of Properties

Explain the Regime of Absolute Community of Property.

In the Regime of Absolute Community of Property, the husband and the wife become

co-owners of all the properties that they bring into the marriage and those acquired by either

or both of them during the course of their marriage, save for some exceptions. (Article 90 of the Family Code of the Philippines)

The administration and enjoyment of the community property shall belong to both the spouses jointly. (Article 96 of the Family Code)

Neither spouse may donate any community property without the consent of the other. (Article 98 of the Family Code)

The Regime of the Absolute Community of Property is the default property regime that would govern the property relations of a couple who had not executed a marriage settlement prior to their marriage.

Explain the Regime of Conjugal Partnership.

In Regime of Conjugal Partnership of Gains, the husband and the wife retain ownership over their

respective properties. The Parties place in a common fund the proceeds, products, fruits and income from their separate properties and those acquired by either or both spouses through their

efforts or by chance. Upon dissolution of the marriage or of the partnership, the net gains or

benefits obtained by either or both spouses shall be divided equally between them, unless otherwise stated in the marriage settlements. (Article 106 of

the Family Code of the Philippines)

The administration and enjoyment of the conjugal partnership shall belong to both

spouses jointly. (Article 124 of the Family Code of the Philippines)

Explain the Regime of Complete Separation of Properties.

In the Regime of Complete Separation of Properties, each spouse shall own, dispose of, possess, administer and enjoy his or her own separate estate, without need of the consent of the other. To each spouse shall belong all the earnings from his or her profession, business or industry and all fruits, natural, industrial or civil, due or received during the marriage from his or her separate property. (Article 145 of the Family Code of the Philippines)

The Parties are free to manage their respective properties without interference

from the other spouse. Likewise, the Parties are also free to donate without

interference of the other.

What is the conjugal partnership responsible for?

The conjugal partnership shall be liable for: 

The support of the spouse, their common children and the legitimate children of either spouse; however, the support of the illegitimate children shall be governed by the provisions on this Code on Support;

All debts and obligations contracted during the marriage by the designated administrator-spouse for the benefit of the conjugal partnership of gains, or by both spouses, or by one of them with the consent of the other;

Debts and obligations contracted by either spouse without the consent of the other to the extent that the family may have benefited;

All taxes, liens, charges and expenses, including major and minor repairs upon the conjugal partnership property;

All taxes and expenses for mere preservation made during the marriage upon the separate property of either spouse;

Expenses to enable either spouse to commence or complete a professional, vocational or other activity for self-improvement;

Antenuptial debts of either spouse insofar as they have redounded to the benefit of the family;

Expenses of litigation between the spouses unless the suit is found to be groundless.

The value of what is donated or promised by both spouses in favor of their common legitimate

children for the exclusive purpose of commencing or completing a professional or vocational or other

activity for self-improvement

If the conjugal partnership is insufficient to cover the foregoing liabilities, the spouses shall be solidarily liable for the unpaid balance with

their separate properties.

THE END