congress summary
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Congress summary. Some thoughts David Jackson (United Nations Capital Development Fund). The big issues. More than one debate going on at the same time Cutting across “traditional” boundaries and discourses. Defining adaptation. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Congress summary
Some thoughtsDavid Jackson
(United Nations Capital Development Fund)
DJ: UNCDF 2010
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The big issues
• More than one debate going on at the same time
• Cutting across “traditional” boundaries and discourses
DJ: UNCDF 2010
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Defining adaptation• Organic, routine and natural vs. crisis, extra-ordinary and
special• Project vs. programme• Learning to adapt vs. ‘enforced’ adaption• Who is involved? Urban management industry - Development
industry - Crisis industry - Climate Change industry
Non organicOrganic
DJ: UNCDF 2010
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Sovereignty
• Sovereign versus non sovereign financing• Ecosystem versus nation state
Nation stateCity
DJ: UNCDF 2010
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The case of Bengal
• Dhaka, Kolkata and Howrah– One history, one ecosystem one challenge
DJ: UNCDF 2010
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North vs. South
• Wealthy nations with poor cities• Wealthy cities in poor nations• Problems within the city or between cities?• Adaptation versus mitigation?
SouthNorth
DJ: UNCDF 2010
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Vulnerability
• Climate vulnerability vs. climate stability• Asset and livelihood vulnerability vs. asset and
livelihood resilience
Less vulnerableMore vulnerable
DJ: UNCDF 2010
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Local government and quality of life
• A lot of adaptation and mitigation improves quality of life – a general local government mandate
• No regret, no harm is a big factor• Politicians can use this point (Climate as a vote
winner)• Don’t be afraid to tell: Communities appreciate
honesty – no need to wait for the numbers
DJ: UNCDF 2010
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Using adaptation
• “Incorporating adaptation to land use planning brings opportunities for Ho Chi Minh City”
• Adaptation provides an opportunity to address wider issues e.g. informal settlements in Durban
• Not too much support for using adaptation to relocate assets that still need to be “sweated”
DJ: UNCDF 2010
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The devil is in the detail
• The quality of legal and regulatory environment that constrains life is a fundamental and very important issue
• For example, can you communicate, regulate and enforce run-off control?
• Goes right down to the household• This remains one of the key dividing lines
DJ: UNCDF 2010
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Local financing (1)
• Project (Maputo) vs. Programme (Durban) • Capital vs. recurrent• Own revenue (of all kinds) vs. grants
External sourcesOwn revenue
DJ: UNCDF 2010
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Local financing (2)
UNFCCC• Commits all parties to formulate, implement, publish and update adaptation
measures – within which NAPAs are an option for the LDCs to provide a rigorous assessment of adaptation needs.
NAPAs• Have been designed to access the funds above and are often framed in terms of
large projects and national sector ministries (as of May 2009 40 submitted with total 437 projects worth $1.6bn) eg Early Warning , DRR, water management
Local Governments• Struggle with holistic adaptation needs and tend to be neglected in the debate.• Recognise the local and “mundane” nature of adaptation
DJ: UNCDF 2010
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Local financing (3)
UNFCCC Commits all parties to formulate, implement, publish and update adaptation measures – within which NAPAs are an option for the LDCs to provide a rigorous assessment of adaptation needs.
NAPAs• Are updated and ‘localised’ to address systematic and incremental adaptation by local
governments adaptation
Local Governments• Are able to use funds obtained through NAPA and other processes to fill the adaptation funding
gap, becoming instruments of adaptaton and co financing with their normal revenue sources
DJ: UNCDF 2010
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Local financing (4)
Capital Non - Capital
Recurrent (normally incremental
changes in resource envelope)
Some air conditioners Teachers’ Salaries
Project (fluctuation in
resource envelope, specific approval
process, activities of finite duration)
A new school building
A consultancy to install a new
software system
Will Climate Proofing come from Recurrent
or Project?
DJ: UNCDF 2010
Understanding the funding gap