Slide 1

Conflict zones in Africa Why does Africa seem to have so many problems? Who is to blame? Slide 2 Current conflicts in Africa Click here to see what the colors mean and tohere magnify. Slide 3 Who is to blame for the conflicts? According to the map which European power got the most control of Africa? Click here for a quick video about thehere Scramble for Africa? (2:47) Berlin Conference 1884- 1885 the meeting of Europeans to divide up Africa. Slide 4 As you watch the video answer the questions below: 1.What was the Scramble for Africa? 2. Why did the Europeans want to control Africa? 3. Who attended the conference? Who did not? Cecil Rhodes- Colossus of Africa 4. What does this political cartoon imply about the Europeans? Slide 5 Why didnt the Africans fight back? The Europeans had access to newly invented technology like the Maxim machine gun that the Africans did not. The people of the Congo suffered at the hands of the Belgians (King Leopold) Slide 6 Africa is RICH with natural resources. Why isnt it a rich country then? The answer is complex but are some reasons. Slide 7 Corrupt leaders Dictators take the money from natural resources and leave the African people to suffer. Totalitarian- a type of government where ONE person has COMPLETE control Slide 8 Military Conflicts Rebel leaders take money from natural resources to fund the conflict. Children are often stolen from their homes at gunpoint and forced to serve under rebel leaders. Some are forced to work in the diamond mines. If they refuse then the rebels cut off their limbs. Slide 9 Advertisement against blood diamonds Slide 10 Ethnic tensions caused by European colonialism Europeans divided up the continent of Africa based on natural resources and did not care about the different ethnic groups. They would often favor one group over another one. What do you think that did to the different ethnic groups? Slide 11 Rwandan Genocide Who is Hutu? Tutsi? Listen to the video here.here Which group did the Europeans favor? What is the real difference between the 2 groups? Slide 12 What did the Hutus do to the Tutsis? Genocide- targeted murder of a specific group based on ethnicity Click here to see intro to Hotel Rwanda. Minutes -:46-2:00 Children were affected-click here. 0-2:00 min Did anyone help? Click here 0-3:00here Forced expulsion/migration Click here. Minutes 6-9here. Click here to see the atrocities. Minutes 4-6 here Slide 13 Teacher Slide: Ethnic divisions and tensions between the Hutu and the Tutsi existed before the colonial era. The Hutu majority saw the Tutsi minority as foreign invaders and not indigenous to Rwanda. However, there is very little scientific evidence of a genetic difference between the two groups. Both the Hutu and the Tutsi speak the same Bantu language. Until the 20th century, intermarriage between the two groups was quiet common. Besides sharing the same language, the Hutu and Tutsi also share the same religion. The majority of Hutu and Tutsi are Christians specifically Roman Catholics. There is some evidence that the distinction between Hutu and Tutsi was based on social class rather than racial differences. The differences between Hutu and Tutsi were widened and made law during the Belgian colonial period. After World War I, the Belgians took control of Rwanda from the Germans and took a census of their new colony. Each person was required to be classified as Hutu, Tutsi, or Twa. The Belgians developed a strict system of racial identification based on racist scientific theories. People with the whiter skin and Caucasian features were chosen Tutsi. Believing the Tutsi were superior to the Hutu, only Tutsi given access to higher education and as a result made up the ruling elite despite being minority. After World War II, the Belgians switched their support to majority Hutu. However, this did not stop the rising tensions between the Hutu and Tutsi. Starting in the early 1950s, violence between the Hutu and Tutsi began to occur frequently both Rwanda and Burundi. This culminated in the Rwandan Genocide of 1994 Slide 14 Slide 15 Assessment: Answer the questions on a separate piece of paper and explain why? Cause: A group perceives another as a threat To ones territory or concept of nationalism, and purposefully plans to target specific groups and areas Effect: Forced expulsion (kicked out of home country) Forced Migration Murder 1. The cause and effect example depicted above describes the conflict between groups Such as the Hutu and the Tutsi in Rwanda. Conflicts such as this often result in- A.Patriotism B.Imperialism C.Genocide D.sovereignty Slide 16