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7th BSSM International Conference on

Advances in Experimental Mechanics

7-9 September 2010

School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, UK

CONFERENCE HANDBOOK

Sponsors

Co Sponsors

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CONTENTS

Conference Programme 3 Instructions for Presenters 10 EMex10 11 First Floor Plan of School of Engineering 12 BSSM Young Stress Analyst Competition 13 Social Programme 14 Local Directions 16 General Information 17 Local Attractions 18 Conference Proceedings 19

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Conference Programme (WLT – Walker Lecture Theatre, HSLT – Hele Shaw Lecture Theatre) Tuesday 7th September 2010 8.30 Registration and Refreshments [The Street] 9.25 Introduction and Welcome (Professor Ken Badcock, Head of School) [HSLT] 9.30 Keynote Lecture 1 (Chair: Bob Mines) [HSLT]

Mechanical and Transport Properties of Concrete at High Temperatures J Eberhardsteiner (Austria)

Session 1: Structural Health Monitoring (Chair: Josef Eberhardsteiner) [HSLT]

10.15 Detection of Cracking in Gear Teeth Using Acoustic Emission

R Pullin, A Clarke, M J Eaton, K M Holford, S L Evans, J P McCory (UK) 10.35 Active Sensor Arrays for Damage Detection

P H Malinowski, T Wandowski, W Ostachowicz (Poland) 10.55 Towards a Hybrid Infrared Approach for Damage Assessment

R K Fruehmann, J M Dulieu-Barton, S Quinn (UK) 11.15 Refreshments [The Street] Session 2: Vibration (Chair: Keith Worden) [HSLT] 11.45 Designing a Hollow Langevin Transducer for Ultrasonic Coring

P Harkness, A Cardoni, J Russell, M Lucas (UK) 12.05 Experimental Modal Analysis of an Automotive Powertrain

C Delprete, A Galeazzi, F Pregno (Italy) 12.25 Investigation into the Damping and Stiffness Characteristics of an Elevator Car

System I Herrera (Spain), H Su (UK), S Kaczmarczyk (UK)

12.45 Analysis of Sensors for Vibration and Nip Forces Monitoring of Rubber Coated

Rollers M C Voicu (Germany), R Schmidt (Germany), B Lammen (Germany), H H Hillbrand (Germany), I Maniu (Romania)

13.05 Lunch [The Street]

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Session 3A: Composite and Cellular Materials 1 (Chair: Geoff Turvey) [HSLT] 14.15 Evaluation of Edge Cracks in Cross-Ply Laminates using Image Correlation and

Thermoelastic Stress Analysis G P Battams, J M Dulieu-Barton, S W Boyd (UK)

14.35 Mechanical Behavior of Syntactic Foams for Deep Sea Thermally Insulated

Pipeline D Choqueuse, P Davies, D Perreux, L Sohier, J-Y Cognard (France)

14.55 Analysis of the Strain and Stress Fields of Cardboard Box during Compression

by 3D Digital Image Correlation J Viguié, P J J Dumont, P Vacher, L Orgéas, I Desloges, E Mauret (France)

15.15 Correlation between Full-Field Measurements and Numerical Simulation

Results for Multiple Delamination Composite Specimens in Bending C Devivier (UK), D Thompson (UK), F Pierron (France), M R Wisnom (UK)

15.35 Towards a Planar Cruciform Specimen for Biaxial Characterisation of Polymer

Matrix Composites M R L Gower, R M Shaw (UK)

Session 3B: Novel Sensor Technology (Chair: Simon Quinn) [WLT] 14.15 Measurement of Mechanical Strain using Chromatic Monitoring of

Photoelasticity C Garza, A G Deakin, G R Jones, J W Spencer, K K B Hon (UK)

14.35 Development of a Methodology to Assess Mechanical Impulse Effects Resulting

from Lightning Attachment to Lightweight Aircraft Structures C A Featherston, M Eaton, S L Evans, K M Holford, R Pullin, M Cole (UK)

14.55 A Laser Speckle Method for Measuring Displacement Field. Application to

Resistance Heating Tensile Test on Steel C Pradille, M Bellet, Y Chastel (France)

15.15 Characterisation of Full-Field Deformation Behaviour using Digital Imaging

Techniques Y H Tai, M Zanganeh, D Asquith, J R Yates (UK)

15.35 Digital Holographic Interferometry by using Long Wave Infrared Radiation (CO2

Laser) I Alexeenko (Germany), J-F Vandenrijt (Belgium), M Georges (Belgium), G Pedrini (Germany), T Cédric (Belgium), W Osten (Germany), B Vollheim (Germany)

15.55 Refreshments [The Street]

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Session 4: Civil Engineering (Chair: Wieslaw Ostachowicz) [HSLT] 16.25 Size of the Fracture Process Zone in High-Strength Concrete at a Wide Range of

Loading Rates R C Yu, X X Zhang, G Ruiz, M Tarifa, M Cámara (Spain)

16.45 Practical In-Situ Applications of DIC for Large Structures

N J McCormick, J D Lord (UK) 17.05 From the Inside, Out: Use of Optical Measuring Techniques for Wind Turbine

Development A Stanley (UK), M Klein (Germany)

17.25 Details of Temperature Compensation for Strain Measurements on NPL Bridge

-Demonstrator for SHM E N Barton, B Zhang (UK)

17.45 Effect of Loading Rate on the Fracture Behaviour of High-Strength Concrete

G Ruiz, X X Zhang, R C Yu, E Poveda, R Porras, J del Viso (Spain) 18.15 Drinks Reception [The Street] 19.30 Dinner at Egos, Hope Street (Pre-Registration Required – not included in

conference delegate fee) Wednesday 8th September 2010 Session 5A: Non Linear Behaviour (Chair: Margaret Lucas) [HSLT] 08.30 Numerical Prediction of the Response of Metal-to-Metal Adhesive Joints with

Ductile Adhesives N G Tsouvalis, K N Anyfantis (Greece)

08.50 Experimental Characterization of the Viscoplastic Material Behaviour of

Thermosets and Thermoplastics M Kästner, S Blobel, M Obst, K Thielsch, V Ulbricht (Germany)

09.10 Strain Evolution Measurement at the Microscale of a Dual Phase Steel using

Digital Image Correlation H Ghadbeigi, C Pinna, S Celotto, J R Yates (UK)

09.30 Biaxial Ratcheting Response of SS 316 Steel

R Suresh Kumar, C Lakshmana Rao, P Chellapandi (India)

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09.50 On the Mutual Interactions of Monotonic and Cyclic Loading and their Effect on

the Strength of Aluminium Alloys Z L Kowalewski, T Szymczak (Poland)

Session 5B: Fracture and Damage (Chair: Stefan Kaczmarczyk) [WLT] 08.30 Validation of Acoustic Emission (AE) Crack Detection in Aerospace Grade Steels

Using Digital Image Correlation R Pullin, M J Eaton, J J Hensman, K M Holford, K Worden, S L Evans (UK)

08.50 Towards the Derivation of Stress Intensity Factors by Parametric Modelling of

Full-Field Thermoelastic Data R I Hebb, J M Dulieu-Barton, K Worden, P Tatum (UK)

09.10 A SEM-Based Study of Structural Impact Damage M T H Sultan, A Hodzic, W J Staszewski, K Worden (UK)

09.30 Application of Real-Time Photoelastic Analysis to Single Fibre Fragmentation

Tests S Blobel, K Thielsch, M Kästner , V Ulbricht (Germany)

09.50 Characterization of Fiber Bridging in Mode II Fracture Growth of Laminated

Composite Materials K N Anyfantis, N G Tsouvalis (Greece)

10.10 Refreshments & Exhibition [Floor 3, Active Learning Laboratory] Session 6A: Residual Stresses (Chair: Jerry Lord) [HSLT] 10.40 Evaluation of the Impact of Residual Stresses in Crack Initiation with the

Application of the Crack Compliance Method (Part I, Numerical Analysis) G Urriolagoitia-Sosa, B Romero-Ángeles, L H Hernández-Gómez, G Urriolagoitia-Calderón, J A Beltrán-Fernández, C Torres-Torres (Mexico)

11.00 Evaluation of the Impact of Residual Stresses in Crack Initiation with the

Application of the Crack Compliance Method (Part II, Experimental Analysis) G Urriolagoitia-Sosa, B Romero-Ángeles, L H Hernández-Gómez, G Urriolagoitia-Calderón, J A Beltrán-Fernández, C Torres-Torres (Mexico)

11.20 Mapping Residual Stress Profiles at the Micron Scale using FIB Micro-Hole

Drilling B Winiarski, P J Withers (UK)

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Session 6B: Biomechanics (Chair: Richard Burguete) [WLT] 10.40 Acetabular Component Deformation under Rim Loading using Digital Image

Correlation and Finite Element Method H Everitt, S L Evans, C A Holt, R Bigsby, I Khan (UK)

11.00 Skin Thermal Effect by FE Simulation and Experiment of Laser Ultrasonics

C Li, S Li, Z Huang, W Xu (UK) 11.20 Biomechanics and Numerical Evaluation of Cervical Porcine Models Considering

Compressive Loads using 2-D Classic Computer Tomography CT, 3-D Scanner and 3-D Computed Tomography J A Beltran-Fernández, L H Hernández-Gómez, G Urriolagoitia-Calderón, A González-Rebatú, G Urriolagoitia-Sosa (Mexico)

11.40 Exhibitors’ Presentations (Chair: Janice Barton) [HSLT] Imetrum – John Brewster Dantec Dynamics – Rob Wood HBM – Paul Beardsworth Techni Measure – Ian Ramage LaVision – John Boaler GOM – Adam Stanley Limess – Ralf Lichtenberger Vishay – Andy Wagstaff 12.40 Lunch & Exhibition [Floor 3, Active Learning Laboratory] 14.00 BSSM Young Stress Analyst Competition (Chair: Simon Quinn) [HSLT] 15.00 Refreshments & Exhibition [Floor 3, Active Learning Laboratory] 15.30 BSSM Fylde Electronics ‘Best Paper in Strain’ Lecture (Chair: Bob Mines) [HSLT]

An Optical Study of Dynamic Crack Growth past Stiff and Compliant Inclusions using DIC and High-Speed Photography H V Tippur and K C Jajam (USA)

16.00 BSSM Measurements Lecture (Chair: Judith Shackleton) [HSLT]

Aspects of Uncertainty Analysis for Large Nonlinear Computational Models K Worden (UK)

17.00 BSSM Annual General Meeting (for BSSM members only) [HSLT] 19.30 Reception & Conference Dinner, Merseyside Maritime Museum

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Thursday 9th September 2010 09.00 Keynote Lecture 2 (Chair: Fabrice Pierron) [HSLT]

Experimental Characterisation of Parameters Controlling the Compressive Failure of Pultruded Unidirectional Carbon Fibre Composites O T Thomsen (Denmark)

Session 7: Manufacturing Processes (Chair: Ole Thybo Thomsen) [HSLT] 09.45 Spot Weld Strength Determination using the Wedge Test: In-situ Observations

and Coupled Simulations R Lacroix, J Monatte, A Lens, G Kermouche, J-M Bergheau, H Klöcker (France)

10.05 Improving Fatigue Performance of Alumino-Thermic Rail Welds

M Jezzini-Aouad, P Flahaut, S Hariri, D Zakrzewski, L Winiar (France) 10.25 The Effect of Ultrasonic Excitation in Metal Forming Tests

S Abdul Aziz, M Lucas (UK) 10.45 Modeling of Coating Stress of Plasma-sprayed Thermal Barrier Coatings

M Arai (Japan) 11.05 Refreshments [The Street] Session 8A: Impact and Dynamics (Chair: Gonzalo Ruiz) [HSLT] 11.25 The Dynamic Buckling of Stiffened Panels – A Study using High Speed Digital

Image Correlation C A Featherston, J Mortimer, M Eaton, R L Burguete, R Johns (UK)

11.45 Finite Element Model Updating of a Thin Wall Enclosure under Impact

Excitation O S David-West, J Wang, R Cooper (UK)

12.05 What We Can Learn About Stick-Slip Dynamics

F di Liberto, E Balzano, M Serpico, F Peruggi (Italy) 12.25 Determination of High Strain-Rate Compressive Stress-Strain Loops of Selected

Polymers T Yokoyama, K Nakai (Japan)

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Session 8B: Identification (Chair: Rhys Pullin) [WLT]

11.25 Identification of the Shape of Curvilinear Beams and Fibers

M L M François, B Semin, H Auradou (France) 11.45 Construction of Shape Features for the Representation of Full-Field

Displacement/Strain Data W Wang (UK), J E Mottershead (UK), A Patki (USA), E A Patterson (USA)

12.05 An Innovative Own-Weight Cantilever Method for Measuring Young’s Modulus

in Flexible Thin Materials Based on Large Deflections A Ohtsuki (Japan)

12.25 Identification of the Mechanical Properties of Superconducting Windings using

the Virtual Fields Method J-H Kim, F Nunio, F Pierron, P Vedrine (France)

12.45 Measuring the Static Modulus of Nuclear Graphite from Four-Point Flexural

Strength Tests and DIC J D Lord, N J McCormick, J M Urquhart, G M Klimaytys, I J Lingham (UK)

13.05 Lunch [The Street] Session 9: Composite and Cellular Materials 2 (Chair: Janice Barton) [HLT] 13.45 Experimental and Numerical Buckling Analysis of Delaminated Hybrid

Composite Beam Structures M M Nasr Esfahani, H Ghasemnejad, P E Barrington (UK)

14.05 Effects of Bonded Splice Joints on the Flexural Response of Pultruded Fibre

Reinforced Polymer Beams G J Turvey (UK)

14.25 Assessment of Quasi-Static and Fatigue Loaded Notched GRP Laminates Using

Digital Image Correlation W R Broughton, M R L Gower, M J Lodeiro, G D Pilkington, R M Shaw (UK)

14.45 Comparison of the Drop Weight Impact Performance of Sandwich Panels with

Aluminium Honeycomb and Titanium Alloy Micro Lattice Cores R Hasan, R Mines, E Shen, S Tsopanos, W Cantwell, W Brooks, C Sutcliffe (UK)

15.05 Viscoelastic Characterization of Short Fibres Reinforced Thermoplastic in

Tension and Shearing A Andriyana (Malaysia), L Silva (France), N Billon (France)

15.25 Refreshments and Finish [The Street]

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Instructions for Presenters

The lecture theatre will be equipped as standard with the following audio-visual equipment: Data Projector PC and laptop with PowerPoint facilities (Windows XP, PowerPoint 2003) Laser Pointer If you are giving a presentation at the conference please note that the time slot for each paper is a maximum of 20 minutes. You should therefore aim to speak for 15 minutes, leaving the remaining 5 minutes available for questions. Please ensure that you bring your presentation (which can be in pdf or Powerpoint) to the conference on a memory stick or CD-Rom. If you intend to use animations, please ensure you bring the movie files with you as well. On the day of your presentation, please report to the support staff in the lecture theatre prior to the first session of the day so that your presentation can be uploaded. You should also introduce yourself, on the day of your presentation, to your session Chairman.

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The BSSM’s 10th Annual Exhibition of Experimental Mechanics, EMex, is the premier UK exhibition for manufacturers and suppliers of strain measurement and stress analysis equipment. EMex 10 will be held on Wednesday 8th September in the Active Learning Laboratory 3rd Floor, during the coffee break, lunchtime and afternoon refreshment break. Exhibitor Layout

1. LAVision UK Ltd 2. Imetrum 3. LIMESS GmbH 4. Dantec Dynamics Ltd 5. Photron (Europe) Ltd 6. HBM UK Ltd 7. Vishay Measurements Group UK Lt 8. Instron

9. Techni Measure 10. Olympus Industrial 11. GOM UK Ltd 12. Fylde Electronic Laboratories Ltd 13. Adept Scientific 14. Bruel & Kjaer UK 15. Flir Commerical Systems BV 16. Doosan Power Systems

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Floor Plan, School of Engineering

Stairs from

Street Area

(below)

Walker Lecture Theatre

Hele Shaw

Lecture Theatre

Access to ALL via

Stairs and Lifts

Main Corridor Quiet Area

Brownlow Hill

Main

Entrance

Ground

Floor

To Liverpool Centre

RC

Cathedral

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BSSM Young Stress Analyst Competition

The BSSM Young Stress Analyst (YSA) competition is an annual competition that is intended to encourage and reward young practitioners in the field of experimental mechanics.

The competition is sponsored by Airbus UK, AWE plc and Imetrum Non-Contact Precision Measurement.

Four finalists will present their work during a special conference session which will take place at 14.00 on Wednesday 8th September. The finalists will be judged by a panel of leading researchers. Details of the finalists are given with the full papers in the YSA booklet in the delegate pack.

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Social Programme

Tuesday 7th September 2010 18.15 Drinks reception at the School of Engineering [Street Area

near Main Entrance] for all delegates 19.30 Informal Meal at Ego Restaurant

Address: Hope Street, Liverpool, L1 9BS

Telephone: 0871 811 4734. Cuisine Type: Mediterranean

http://www.egorestaurants.co.uk/content/index-liverpool.php

Please note the meal is not included in the delegate package. Delegates can attend if they have pre-booked for this separately.

Wednesday 8th September 2010

19.30 Conference Dinner at Merseyside Maritime Museum

Albert Dock, Liverpool, L3 4AQ

Tel: 0151 478 4499

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http://www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/maritime/

Dinner begins with a drinks reception at 19.30 in the Museum Area, then the dinner itself is at 20.00 on the 5th Floor. Delegates will have to show their tickets to gain entrance to the building.

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Local Directions to the School of Engineering

Contact: School of Engineering, The Quadrangle, The University of Liverpool ,

Brownlow Hill , Liverpool , L69 3GH

By Phone/Fax:

Tel: +44 (0)151 794 4859 (Maria White)

Fax: +44 (0)151 794 4703

General University Maps:

http://www.liv.ac.uk/maps/university-map.htm

Entrance to Visitors Car Park (£10/day)

School

Entrance

ATM VGM Cafe

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General Information Internet access A wireless network is available for visitors to access the internet while attending the conference (reception and auditorium/meeting rooms). The visitor’s guest network is called GUEST NET. To connect to the guest network: 1. Connect to the GUEST NET network with your wireless card. 2. Open your internet browser. 3. Accept the unsigned certificate if prompted to do so. 4. Log in with USERNAME and PASSWORD on the back of your name tag Please report any problems connecting to this network to Bob Mines. Urgent Messages and Contact Numbers There are no public telephones on site, but urgent messages can be left with the reception at the School Entrance, who will pass on the information to the BSSM staff. The School reception number is 0151 794 7683 Security and Loss of Property The University is an open access facility and so neither BSSM nor the University take responsibility for the loss or damage to personal possessions. Delegates should wear their conference badge at all times. Cash-points The nearest ATM facilities are available outside the Tesco supermarket across Brownlow Hill from the School (about 50m). Meals and Refreshments Depending on conference programme the refreshment and lunch breaks will be served in the Street area (by main entrance to School) and in the Active Learning Laboratory, 3rd Floor. Delegates should wear their conference badge at all times. Conference dinner tickets will be distributed at registration. The meal on Tuesday 7th September is not included in the delegate fee and tickets for this will only be issued to delegates who have pre-booked a place. Taxis Please contact the BSSM staff or School Reception, who will be able to arrange for a taxi.

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Local Attractions There is much to do and see in Liverpool. The main tourist area is the Albert Dock area by the Mersey which includes: Liverpool Museums World Museum Liverpool , Walker Art Gallery , Merseyside Maritime Museum , International Slavery Museum , National Conservation Centre , Lady Lever Art Gallery , Sudley House , Museum of Liverpool

http://www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/ Tate Gallery http://www.tate.org.uk/liverpool/ Beatles Museum http://www.beatlesstory.com/ Cathedrals Roman Catholic and Anglican There is the Victorian Gallery, Museum and Café next door to the School www.liv.ac.uk/vgm Other places of interest include: Chester - a 2000 year old Roman City. http://www.chestertourist.com/cityattractions.htm Anthony Gormley’s ‘Another Place’ – a group of statues on the Liverpool Coast. http://www.visitliverpool.com/merseycoastandcountry/coast/seftons-natural-coast

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Conference Proceedings The conference proceedings are available online through open access at: Journal pages: www.scientific.net/1660-9336/ Direct volume link: www.scientific.net/0-87849-367-0/ Order the previous three conference proceedings for a special delegate price of £50. 1. Advances in Experimental Mechanics 4th EDITION Advances in Experimental Mechanics. Proceedings of the 4th BSSM International Conference on Advances in Experimental Mechanics, University of Southampton, September 2005.

2. Advances in Experimental Mechanics 5th EDITION 2007 Conference Proceedings for the 5th BSSM International Conference on Advances in Experimental Mechanics held in September 2007 at the University of Manchester, UK. 3. Advances in Experimental Mechanics 6th EDITION 2008 Conference Proceedings for the 6th BSSM International Conference on Advances in Experimental Mechanics held in September 2008 at the National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, UK To order please complete the form on the next page.

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……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Order Form for previous three conference proceedings. Please send me the previous three BSSM conference proceedings for the special delegate rate of £50 including post and packing.

Name (print): Company/University: Address: Post Code: Telephone: Email: Payment Method 1. By cheque Please enclose cheque for £50 made payable to BRITISH SOCIETY FOR STRAIN MEASUREMENT 2. We can invoice your company. Please send us a Purchase Order Order No: 3. Pay by credit/debit card (NOT AMEX) Card No: Start Date: Expiry Date: Issue No: (Switch/Maestro only) Security Code (last three digits on back of card) Send completed form to: John Edwards BSSM 22 St. Georges Road Bedford MK40 2LS. UK Email: johnedwards@bssm.org Tel/Fax: 01234 347778 ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

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Notes

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Notes