concentrations of solutions
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Concentrations of solutions. E. O. J. R. T. N. U. O. I. S. E. L. S. O. L. U. T. I. O. N. E. J. R. E. E. D. V. L. V. I. S. S. I. A. E. O. D. I. S. S. O. L. V. E. V. I. A. E. A. E. B. F. V. L. S. G. I. L. S. E. G. L. A. S. S. E. B. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Concentrations of solutions
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Solutions
saturated unsaturated
with maximu
m amount of solute
less solute
than the maximu
m amount
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Solutions
concentrated diluted
with large
amount of
dissolved solute
with small
amount of
dissolved solute
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Add more soluteLessen the solvent
How is a concentrated solution prepared?
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Lessen the solute
Add more solvent
How is a diluted solution prepared?
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Fruit juices sold in grocery stores are usually concentrated solutions. How is a diluted solution prepared out of these?
Case Analysis
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percent by volume = amount of solute in a given volume of solution expressed as grams solute per 100 milliliter of solution (g/mL)
percent by mass = amount of solute in a given mass of solvent expressed as grams solute per 100 grams of solution
How can the concentration of a solution be expressed quantitatively?
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70 mL of ethyl
alcohol in 100 mL water
Concentration of Common Materials
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What does this label mean?
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5 grams of acetic acid in
100 grams of vinegar
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Agua oxinada, a common antiseptic, is usually seen as 3% solution. What does that mean?
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karat – used to express the concentration of solid solutions, especially gold jewelries
pure gold = 24 karat
Concentration of Solid Solutions
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percent by mass = amount of solute in a given mass of solvent expressed as grams solute per 100 grams of solution
What is the concentration of an 18-karat gold?
percent by mass = mass solute in grams mass solution in grams
percent by mass = 18 karat 24 karat
x 100 = 75%Therefore, an 18-karat gold
is 75% gold!
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% by mass = (14/24)x100 = 58.3%
How much gold is found in a 14-karat gold?
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50 mL rubbing alcohol x 70 mL ethyl alcohol
How many mL of ethyl alcohol is present in a 50-mL bottle of 70% rubbing alcohol?
100 mL rubbing alcohol
35 mL ethyl alcohol
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200 mL (40/100) = 80 mL
How many mL of ethyl alcohol is present in a 200-mL bottle of 40% rubbing alcohol?
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5.4 grams x (75/100) = 4.05 grams copper
A one-peso coin has a mass of 5.4 grams. How many grams of copper are in a one-peso coin containing 75% copper by mass?
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How will you prepare a 0.2 g/mL sugar solution?
20 grams sugar
100 mL water
+
20 grams / 100 mL = 0.2 g/mL
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A group of students were able to gather the following data and observations after dissolving sugar in 100 mL of water.
Step Amount of Solute added
Observations
1 2 grams After stirring, sugar dissolves completely.
2 2 grams After stirring, sugar dissolves completely.
3 2 grams After stirring, sugar dissolves completely.
4 2 grams After stirring, sugar dissolves completely.
5 2 grams After stirring, some sugar is seen at the bottom of the container
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Move exam quiz covering Activities 1, 2 and 3.
Prepare a ½ sheet of paper cut lengthwise. No need to bring a calculator during the test. Calculators will be available at the stations.
Good luck!
Next session…