coms101 chapter 2 perception, self, & communication
TRANSCRIPT
COMS101
Chapter 2Perception,
Self, & Communication
Definitions of Perception
Perception is “the process of becoming aware of objects and events from the senses” (p. 32).
• Active Perception – “your mind selecting, organizing, and interpreting what you sense” (p. 33).
• Subjective Perception – “your uniquely constructed meaning attributed to stimuli” (p. 33).
What do you see in this picture?
Noise: Why do perceptions differ?• Physiological Factors – your make-up– Hard of hearing, bad eyesight
• Past Experiences and Roles - learned– Ex. – Bad experience with b/f or g/f
• Culture/Co-culture – shared beliefs
• Present feelings/Circumstances– Frustrated, tired, bored
How does the Perception Process Work?
Selection Organization Interpretation
All happen at the same time
1) Selection
• Selection – Paying attention to what is important to you.
– Selective Attention: Focusing on certain cues and ignoring others.
• Boys vs. Girls– How many times is the basketball passed by the team in white shirts?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ahg6qcgoay4
2) Organization
Organizing things into “a whole”
• Figure – focal point • Ground – everything else– What was the figure/ground in the video?
• Closure – fill in if we do not have all of the information.– Misunderstanding an overheard conversation.– Ruler example
3) Interpretation
Putting meaning to the stimuli.
• Select Something, organize it to the surroundings, interpret it based off of everything.
Questions about Selection, Organization, Interpretation???
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What about Perceiving Self/Others?Errors in Perception
1) Attribution Errors2) Perceptual Errors
1) Attribution Errors
Making cause/effect references
• Fundamental Attribution Error: – Others fail because of their personal faults – Others succeed because of luck or the situation
• Self Serving Bias: – Our successes are due to our qualities– Our failures are due to circumstances
Question
• What is similar about fundamental attribution errors and a self-serving biases???
2) Perceptual ErrorsPerceiving others’ “being”
• Stereotyping – oversimplified and standardized image of a person because of his/her membership to a group.
• First Impressions – Formed in about 3 seconds.– Clothing, height, weight, attractiveness, interaction skills
Perceiving Ourselves
Our self concept is socially constructed by others
• Self-Image– How you picture yourself– Feedback from Others
• Confirmation, rejection, disconfirmation
• Self-Esteem– How you feel about yourself– Based on perceived successes and failures
Self-concept
Self-image
Self-esteem
Self-concept = An evaluation of yourself.
Questions???
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