Lecture 1

Professor Dr. Sajjad Mohsin Ph.D.

Division of Production, Information and Systems Engineering, Muroran Institute of Technology (MIT), Hokkaido. JAPAN

M.E.Dept. of Computer Science and Systems

Engineering, MIT. JAPAN M.Sc. Computer Science

Department of Computer Science, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan

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Experience Professor & Dean FIST, COMSATS Institute

of Information Technology Islamabad Pakistan, April 2011 to date

Dean FIST & Chairman CS (Associate Professor)COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Islamabad Pakistan, Nov 2010 to August 2011

Chairman & Head (Associate Professor) Department of Computer Science, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Islamabad Pakistan, July 2009 to Nov 2010.

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Experience Head (Associate Professor), Department of

Computer Science, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Islamabad Pakistan, January 2008 to July 2009

Associate Professor, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Abbottabad Campus, Pakistan, April 2005-January 2008

Research Assistant with Prof. Yukinori Suzuki, MIT Japan, 2004 to 2005Research Project: A study on Telecommunication

Network Modeling.

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Experience Research Assistant with Prof. Yukinori Suzuki, MIT

Japan. Research, 2003-2004 Project: A study on Congestion Control of

Telecommunication Network. Teaching Assistant with Dr. Yasushi Honda, MIT Japan.

Oct 2002, to Feb 2003 Subject: Information Engineering Basic Practice B.

Researcher with Prof. Yukinori Suzuki at the MIT Japan, Oct 1998 to March 2000.

Systems Analyst, Central Telecom Research Laboratories (CTRL),PakistanTelecommunication Corporation Ltd. (PTCL), Islamabad. Pakistan, July 1992 – Sep. 2003

Systems Analyst, National Institute of Electronics (NIE), Islamabad. Pakistan, Jun. 1987 – Jul. 1992

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Grants 2007 – Present

Higher Education Commission, Pakistan approved & funded research project "High Performance Image Processing using Genetic Algorithms on Auto-Load Balancing Symmetric Multi-Processing Platform" worth more than (Pakistan Rs.) 0.6 million

2011 – 2013National ICT R&D Fund approved and funded

the research project titled “3D Graphical Imagery Therapy for Healing Brain Tumors in Children” worth more than 11 million PKR.

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HONORS Member Editorial Board of the “IEEE

Transaction of The Fuzzy Systems” Journal

Member Editorial Board of the World Information Technology Journal

Member Editorial Board of the Information Technology Journal

Approved PhD Supervisor of Higher Education Commission for Pakistan

Member Australian Computer Society

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Honors Awarded Japanese Government, Ministry

of Education Scholarship for Ph.D. April 2002- March 2005

Awarded Japanese Government, Ministry of Education Scholarship for M.E. April 2000 –March 2002

Awarded Japanese Government, Ministry of Education Scholarship as Research Student. Oct 1998- March 2000.

Awarded Merit Scholarship by the Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad for M.Sc. Jan. 1985 – Dec. 1986

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Computing for Management This course has been designed to help

Management Science students to get familiar with the modern computing technologies.

Students will get familiarity with the computers and computing facilities including the techniques to use different office management software systems, underline functioning and working of hardware. Computer organization, different operating systems and multiple application software will also be discussed.

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Computing for Management Internet and Information communication

technologies have widely affected global businesses.

With the knowledge of solving business issues and activities using computing technologies, attendees will understand the usability and applications of it in a much better way. Knowledge of this domain would be utilized in the rest of the courses throughout the program.

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Course Theme Introducing Computer Systems Interacting With Your Computer Seeing, Hearing, and Printing Data Processing Data Storing Data Using Operating Systems Working with Application Software Networks Presenting the Internet Applying Internet Technologies Database Management Development of Information Systems Software Programming and Development Information Assurance: Security, Privacy, and Ethics

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BooksText Book

P. Norton, Peter Norton’s introduction to computers. Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, 6/e.

Reference BooksR. K. Rainer and C. G. Cegielski, Introduction to

information systems: enabling and transforming business. Wiley, 2009.

B. K. Williams, S. C. Sawyer, and S. E. Hutchinson, Using Information Technology: A Practical Introduction to Computers &Telecommunications. Irwin McGraw-Hill, United States of America, 1999.

B. K. Williams, S. C. Sawyer, and S. E. Hutchinson, Using Information Technology: A Practical Introduction to Computers &Telecommunications. Irwin McGraw-Hill, United States of America, 1999.

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Books

Reference BooksA. Leon and M. Leon, Fundamentals of

information technology. Leon Techworld, 1999.

D. H. Sanders, Computers today. McGraw-Hill, Inc., 1996.

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Books – Useful url’s You can download the books from

http://www.2shared.com/document/V36Smc1I/Introduction_To_Computers_By_P.htm

http://www.4shared.com/office/nvKZyzQg/introduction_to_information_sy.html.

Other useful sourceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/

History_of_computing_hardwarehttp://www.thocp.net/

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Marking

Marking scheme is

25% Assignment/Quiz25% Sessionals50% Marks Terminal Examinations

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What is a Computer?

It is an electronic device Converts data into information Modern computers are digital

Two digits combine to make data, 0 and 1

Older computers were analogA range of values made data

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Example of old analog computer

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Modern Digital Computer

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Where did Computers Come from?

• Pre-mechanical age (3000 BC - 1450 AD)main contribution: writing and numbering system(e.g. cuneiform, alphabet, writing tools - clay, stylus, papyrus)

• Mechanical age (1450 - 1840)main contribution: mechanical machines (e.g.printing press, slide rule, Pascaline)

• Electromechanical age (1840 - 1940)main contribution: electric-powered machines(e.g. voltaic battery, telegraph, telephone, radio)

• Electronic age (1940 - 1946 )main contribution: electromechanical and digital machines.(e.g. punched card, programmable machines, digital computers )

Abacus 3000 BCE, early form

of beads on wires, used in China

Abacus, a Latin word derived its name from a Greek word abakos, a Greek genitive form of abax which means a calculating-table.

The Abacus (c. 3000 BCE)

Charles Babbage (1791-1871)

Importance of the Difference Engine First attempt to devise a computing machine that

was automatic in action and well adapted, by its printing mechanism, to a mathematical task of considerable importance.

Analytical Engine – A Design

Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer

1st large scale electronic digital computer designed and constructed at the Moore

School of Electrical Engineering of the University of Pennsylvania

ENIAC at Moore School, University of Pennsylvania

IBM 360

The IBM System/360 (S/360) was a mainframe computer system family announced by IBM on April 7, 1964, and delivered between 1965 and 1978

It was the first family of computers designed to cover the complete range of applications, from small to large, both commercial and scientific.

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John Von Neumann

A great mathematicianVon Neumann was a founding figure in computer

scienceIdentified to program machines, June 1945

Intel Noyce, Moore, and Andrew Grove leave Fairchild

and found Intel in 1968focus on random access memory (RAM) chips

Ted Hoff designs the Intel 4004, the first microprocessor in 1969 based on Digital’s PDP-8

Intel processors CPU Year Data Memory 4004 1971 4 1K 8008 1972 8 16K 8080 1974 8 64K 8088 1980 8 1M 80286 1982 16 1M 80386 1985 32 4G 80486 1989 32 4G Pentium1993 64 4G

Today’s Desktop Computers

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Workstation Computer

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Computers For Individual Use

Notebook computersSmall portable computersWeighs between 3 and 8 poundsAbout 8 ½ by 11 inchesTypically as powerful as a desktopCan include a docking station

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Computers For Individual Use

Tablet computersNewest

development in portable computers

Input is through a pen

Run specialized versions of office products

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Computers For Individual Use Handheld computers

Very small computersPersonal Digital Assistants (PDA)Note taking or contact managementData can synchronize with a desktop

Smart phonesHybrid of cell phone and PDAWeb surfing, e-mail access

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Computers For Organizations

Network serversCentralized computerAll other computers connectProvides access to network resourcesMultiple servers are called server farmsOften simply a powerful desktop

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Network Servers

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Computers For Organizations

MainframesUsed in large

organizationsHandle thousands

of usersUsers access

through a terminal

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Computers For Organizations Minicomputers

Called midrange computersPower between mainframe and desktopHandle hundreds of usersUsed in smaller organizationsUsers access through a terminal

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Computers For Organizations Supercomputers

The most powerful computers made

Handle large and complex calculations

Process trillions of operations per second

Found in research organizations

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Computers In Society More impact than any other invention

Changed work and leisure activitiesUsed by all demographic groups

Computers are important because:Provide information to usersInformation is critical to our societyManaging information is difficult

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Computers In Society Computers at home

Many homes have multiple computersInternet is commonly available at homesComputers are used for

○ Business○ Entertainment○ Communication○ Education

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Computers In Society Computers in education

Computer literacy required at all levels

Computers in small businessMakes businesses more profitableAllows owners to manage

Computers in industryComputers are used to design productsAssembly lines are automated

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Computers In Society Computers in government

Necessary to track data for population○ Police officers○ Tax calculation and collection

Governments were the first computer users

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Computers In Society

Computers in health careRevolutionized health careNew treatments possibleScheduling of patients has improvedDelivery of medicine is safer

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The first computer bugThe first computer bug

Rear Admiral Dr. Grace Murray Hopper