computers and computer systems computing fundamentals lesson 1, part 1 computer literacy basics...
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Computers and Computer Computers and Computer SystemsSystems
Computing FundamentalsLesson 1, Part 1
Computer Literacy BasicsMorrison & Wells
How Computers Are UsedHow Computers Are UsedComputers have changed the way:
–we bank–we buy groceries–we shop for toys–we do homework–play video games–watch tv and movies–communicate with each other
What is a Computer?What is a Computer?
An electronic device that – receives data (input)–processes data–stores data–produces a result (output)
A Brief History of the ComputerA Brief History of the ComputerComputers—developed in the late
1940s and early 1950s– Examples: UNIVAC and ENIAC
–First used by the military and government
–Less processing power than today’s iPhone, occupied small buildings, and cost millions of dollars
A Brief History of the ComputerA Brief History of the ComputerComputers—developed in the mid
1950s through early 1970s– Smaller and more powerful
–Still limited in what they could do–Expensive, so only major companies
and government could afford them
A Brief History of the ComputerA Brief History of the Computer– 1971—microprocess developed by Dr. Ted
Hoff– 1976—Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak
built the first Apple computer
–1980—Bill Gates worked with IBM and developed DOS for the IBM PC
–1981—PC became the choice for business
What is a Computer System?What is a Computer System?Hardware, Software, Data, and PeopleHardware, Software, Data, and People
Hardware—the physical equipment that can be seen and touched.
Keyboard, processor, monitor, printer
Software—the set of instructions that tells the computer what to do.
System software programsApplication software programs
What is a Computer System?What is a Computer System?
Data—new facts entered into the computer to be processed– Text– Numbers– Sounds, images, and video
Entered via input device:– Keyboard
– Voice activation
– Storage media
– Scanning
What is a Computer System?What is a Computer System?
People—users of the computers who enter the data and use the output
The Information Processing The Information Processing CycleCycle
Input DataProcess DataOutput DataStore Data and Information
Classifying ComputersClassifying Computers
Special-purpose computers– Used mostly to control something
elseEx.—chip in dishwasher, airport radar
system
General-purpose computers– Divided into categories—next slide
Classifying ComputersClassifying ComputersGeneral-purpose computers
– Desktop and notebook (laptop) computers—most widely used PCsPC & Apple Macintosh
– Server—supports few users or 100s of usersNetwork serversApplication serversWeb serverDatabase serverFile server
Classifying ComputersClassifying ComputersGeneral-purpose computers
– Mobile devices—fit in the palm of your handPersonal Digital Assistants (PDAs)CalculatorsSmart PhonesCell PhonesElectronic organizersHandheld games
Classifying ComputersClassifying ComputersGeneral-purpose computers
– Tablet PC—similar to a laptop but uses a stylus or digital pen with touch screen
– Mainframe computerUsed by large companies to perform tasks for
many users
– SupercomputerFastestUsed by government and large corporationsMillions of dollars
Classifying ComputersClassifying ComputersOther types of computer devices
–Embedded computers—digital watch, MP3 player, household appliances
–Portable music and media players—MP3 players and portable DVD players
–Calculators
–Computer Game Systems—Sony Playstation 3, Nintendo Wii, Microsoft XBox
–Electronic book readers
Computing Fundamentals Computing Fundamentals Lesson 1, Part 1Lesson 1, Part 1
The End!