computer project for class xii topic - the snake game

Jawalakhel, Lalitpur

Submitted by: Submitted To:

Pritam Samanta Tajendra Pacchai

12 'B' 12070 HOD of Computer

I would like to thank my Computer teacher, Mr.

Tajendra Pacchai for his guidance and support. I

would like to express my deep gratitude towards

the school management and the computer

department of providing the necessary materials

for this project. I would also like to thank my

Principal, Mrs. Bhubaneshwari Rao. I would like to

thank my parents and family for encouraging me

during this project completion period. I would also

like to thank my classmates for giving me the

necessary support during the project. Finally, I

would like to thank the CBSE for giving me the

opportunity to undertake this project.

Contents

S. N. Name of Topic Page No.

1. Overview of C++ 1

2. ANSI and use of C++ 2

3. Header files used 3

4. File Handling 3

5. Source Code 4-26

6. Output Screen 27-30

7. Conclusion 31

8. Bibliography 31

CERTIFICATE OF MERIT

This is to certify that this project work on “Snake – The Game” submitted by Pritam Samanta of

class 12 'B' of DAV Sushil Kedia Vishwa Bharati Higher Secondary School, was carried out by him

under the guidance and supervision during the academic session 2016-2017.

_______________________ _________________ ________________

Subject Teacher's Signature Examiner's Signature Principal's Signature

Page | 1

C++ Overview

C++ is a statically typed, compiled, general-purpose, case-sensitive, free-form

programming language that supports procedural, object-oriented, and

generic programming.

C++ is regarded as a middle-level language, as it comprises a combination of

both high-level and low-level language features.

C++ was developed by Bjarne Stroustrup starting in 1979 at Bell Labs in

Murray Hill, New Jersey, as an enhancement to the C language and

originally named C with Classes but later it was renamed C++ in 1983.

C++ is a superset of C, and that virtually any legal C program is a legal C++

program and “Its main purpose was to make writing good programs easier

and more pleasant for the individual programmer.”

Note: A programming language is said to use static typing when type

checking is performed during compile-time as opposed to run-time.

Object-Oriented Programming

C++ fully supports object-oriented programming, including the four pillars of

object-oriented development:

Encapsulation

Data hiding

Inheritance

Polymorphism

Standard Libraries

Standard C++ consists of three important parts:

The core language giving all the building blocks including variables,

data types and literals, etc.

The C++ Standard Library giving a rich set of functions manipulating

files, strings, etc.

The Standard Template Library (STL) giving a rich set of methods

manipulating data structures, etc.

Page | 2

The ANSI Standard

The ANSI standard is an attempt to ensure that C++ is portable -- that code

you write for Microsoft's compiler will compile without errors, using a compiler

on a Mac, UNIX, a Windows box, or an Alpha.

The ANSI standard has been stable for a while, and all the major C++

compiler manufacturers support the ANSI standard.

Learning C++

The most important thing to do when learning C++ is to focus on concepts

and not get lost in language technical details.

The purpose of learning a programming language is to become a better

programmer; that is, to become more effective at designing and

implementing new systems and at maintaining old ones.

C++ supports a variety of programming styles. You can write in the style of

Fortran, C, Smalltalk, etc., in any language. Each style can achieve its aims

effectively while maintaining runtime and space efficiency.

Use of C++

C++ is used by hundreds of thousands of programmers in essentially every

application domain.

C++ is being highly used to write device drivers and other softwares that rely

on direct manipulation of hardware under real-time constraints.

C++ is widely used for teaching and research because it is clean enough for

successful teaching of basic concepts.

Anyone who has used either an Apple Macintosh or a PC running Windows

has indirectly used C++ because the primary user interfaces of these systems

are written in C++.

Page | 3

Header files used in the program

1. #include<iostream>

Basic header file used in C++ for input output stream.

2. #include<stdlib.h>

This header file is required to declare standard library functions.

3. #include<conio.h>

This header file is used for console input output stream.

4. #include<ctime>

This header file is used for time related function.

5. #include<fstream>

This header file is used for file handling.

6. #include<stdio.h>

This is header file is used of standard input output stream.

7. #include<windows.h>

This is header file is used for windows related function.

8. #define _WIN32_WINNT 0x05232

This macro is required to maximize the console screen.

Page | 4

Source Code

#include<iostream>

#include<stdlib.h>

#include<conio.h>

#include<ctime>

#include<fstream>

#include<stdio.h>

#include<windows.h>

#define _WIN32_WINNT 0x05232

using namespace std;

class getScore

{

public:

int score,highScore;

getScore()

{

score=highScore=0;

}

};

// Declaring all the required function

void run();

void printMap();

void initMap();

void move(int dx, int dy);

Page | 5

void update();

void generateFood();

char getMapValue(int value);

void changeDirection();

void flashColor();

void gotoxy(short x,short y);

void maxConsoleScreen(void);

void hideCur();

void displayS(int x, int y);

void displayN(int x, int y);

void displayA(int x, int y);

void displayK(int x, int y);

void displayE(int x, int y);

int getScreenSize();

void displaySnake1();

void displaySnake();

void displayCredits();

void saveScores();

void displayScores();

int checkChoice(char ans[100],int ,int );

void menuScreen();

void forScore();

void printInstruction();

// Map dimensions

const int mapwidth = 35;

const int mapheight = 68;

const int size = mapwidth * mapheight;

Page | 6

// The tile values for the map

int map[size];

// Snake head details

int headxpos;

int headypos;

int direction;

// Amount of food the snake has (How long the body is)

int food = 3;

//For score

int score1 = 0;

// For level up

int levelUp = 0;

// Determine if game is running

bool running;

long sizes;

int rows,cols;

void gotoxy(short x,short y) //This is to declare gotoxy() function is a Turbo-C++ Function

not a ANSI function

{

COORD pos = {x,y};

SetConsoleCursorPosition(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE),pos);

}

Page | 7

void maxConsoleScreen(void) //To maximize the console screen

{

HWND consoleWindow = GetConsoleWindow(); //This gets the value Windows uses to

identify the output window

ShowWindow(consoleWindow,SW_SHOWMAXIMIZED); //This mimics the clicking on it's

maximized button

}

void hideCur() //To hide the cursor on the screen

{

HANDLE cmd;

CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO cur;

char *str=(char*)malloc(32);

cur.dwSize=1;

cur.bVisible=FALSE;

cmd=GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);

SetConsoleCursorInfo(cmd,&cur);

}

int getScreenSize() //To get the size of the console screen

{

int col,row,total;

maxConsoleScreen();

CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO csbi;

GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE),&csbi);

col=csbi.srWindow.Right-csbi.srWindow.Left+1;

row=csbi.srWindow.Bottom-csbi.srWindow.Top+1;

total=col*1000+row;

return total;

}

Page | 8

// Main game function

void run()

{

forScore();

gotoxy(rows+75,cols+16);

cout<<"Score : "<<score1;

// Initialize the map

initMap();

running = true;

while (running)

{

// If a key is pressed

if (kbhit())

{

// Change to direction determined by key pressed

changeDirection();

}

// Update the map

update();

// Clear the screen

system("cls");

// Print the map

printMap();

// wait 0.25 seconds for maintaining speed of snake

_sleep(250);

Page | 9

// Saves the scores

saveScores();

}

flashColor();

// Print out game over text

gotoxy(rows+9,cols+36);cols++;

cout<<"___________________________________________________";

gotoxy(rows+30,cols+36); cols+=2;

cout << "|Game over|"; gotoxy(rows+25,cols+36); cols+=2;

cout<<"Press ANY key to end.";

// Stop console from closing instantly

getch();

}

void flashColor()

{

system("COLOR 10"); _sleep(55);







}

void forScore() //For display position of score during gameplay.

{

sizes=getScreenSize();

rows=sizes%1000;

cols=sizes/1000;

Page | 10

cols=cols/15;

rows=(44*rows)/45+5;

}

void printInstruction() //How to play game

{

system("cls");

displaySnake1();

long size;

int row,col;

size=getScreenSize();

row=size%1000;

col=size/1000;

col=(col/3)-5;

row=row/2;

gotoxy(col-1,row); cout<<"Classic snake game! Player can move the snake all around

the enclosed box."; row++;

gotoxy(col,row); cout<<"Player can use WASD keys or the arrow keys to control the

snake. Press W ";row++;

gotoxy(col-1,row); cout<<"or up arrow key to go up, press A or left arrow key to go left,

press S or"; row++;

gotoxy(col,row); cout<<"down arrow key to go down, press D or right arrow key to go

right. It is"; row++;

gotoxy(col,row); cout<<"highly recommended to use WASD keys instead of arrows keys

as there is a "; row++;

gotoxy(col-1,row); cout<<"slight problem with the arrows keys. Bonus food appears only

after player"; row++;

gotoxy(col+6,row); cout<<" eats 10 noraml food. Bonus food adds up 3 points.";row++;

gotoxy(col+9,row+3); cout<<"_______________________________________________";

gotoxy(col+14,row+5); cout<<"Press ANY key to return to main menu";

getch();

menuScreen();

Page | 11

}

void changeDirection() // Changes snake direction from input

{

forScore();



/*

W

A + D

S

and arrow keys

*/

switch (getch())

{

case 'w':

if (direction != 2) direction = 0;

break;

case 'd':


break;

case 's':


break;

case 'a':


break;

case 'W':


Page | 12

break;

case 'D':


break;

case 'S':


break;

case 'A':


break;

case 75: //ASCII code for left


break;

case 77: //ASCII code for right


break;

case 72: //ASCII code for up


break;

case 80: //ASCII code for down


break;

case 27:


cout<<"Paused. Press ANY key to continue.";

getch();

break;

}

}

Page | 13

// Moves snake head to new location

void move(int dx, int dy)

{

forScore();



// determine new head position

int newx = headxpos + dx;

int newy = headypos + dy;

// Check if there is food at location

if (map[newx + newy * mapwidth] == -2)

{

// Increase food value (body length)

{

food++; levelUp++;

if(levelUp==11 && (map[newx + newy * mapwidth] == -2))

{

levelUp=0;

score1=score1+3;

}

else

score1++;

}

// Generate new food on map

generateFood();

}

Page | 14

// Check location is free

else if (map[newx + newy * mapwidth] != 0)

{

running = false;

}

// Move head to new location

headxpos = newx;

headypos = newy;

map[headxpos + headypos * mapwidth] = food + 1;

}

// Generates new food on map

void generateFood()

{

forScore();



srand(time(0));

int x = 0;

int y = 0;

do {

// Generate random x and y values within the map

x = rand() % (mapwidth - 2) + 1;

y = rand() % (mapheight - 2) + 1;

// If location is not free try again

} while (map[x + y * mapwidth] != 0);

Page | 15

// Place new food

map[x + y * mapwidth] = -2;

}

// Updates the map

void update()

{

forScore();



// Move in direction indicated

switch (direction)

{

case 0: move(-1, 0);

break;

case 1: move(0, 1);

break;

case 2: move(1, 0);

break;

case 3: move(0, -1);

break;

}

// Reduce snake values on map by 1

for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)

{

if (map[i] > 0) map[i]--;

}

}

Page | 16

// Initializes map

void initMap()

{

forScore();



// Places the initual head location in middle of map

headxpos = mapwidth / 2;

headypos = mapheight / 2;

map[headxpos + headypos * mapwidth] = 1;

// Places top and bottom walls

for (int x = 0; x < mapwidth; ++x)

{

map[x] = -1;

map[x + (mapheight - 1) * mapwidth] = -1;

}

// Places left and right walls

for (int y = 0; y < mapheight; y++)

{

map[0 + y * mapwidth] = -1;

map[(mapwidth - 1) + y * mapwidth] = -1;

}

// Generates first food

generateFood();

}

// Prints the map to console

Page | 17

void printMap()

{

forScore();



long size;

int row,col;


row=size%1000;

col=size/1000;

col=col/15;

row=(44*row)/45;

for (int x = 0; x < mapwidth; ++x)

{

gotoxy(row+5,col);

for (int y = 0; y < mapheight; ++y)

{

// Prints the value at current x,y location

cout << getMapValue(map[x + y * mapwidth]);

}

// Ends the line for next x value

cout << endl; col++;

}

}

// Returns graphical character for display from map value

char getMapValue(int value)

{

srand(time(0));

Page | 18

int randFood;

// Returns a part of snake body

if (value > 0) return 'o';

switch(value)

{

case -1: // Return wall

return 'X';

case -2:

if( levelUp != 10) // Return normal food

return char(162);

else if(levelUp == 10) // Return special food

{

randFood = rand()%10+1;

if(randFood==1)

return char(145);

if(randFood==2)

return char(148);

if(randFood==3)

return char(235);

if(randFood==4)

return char(237);

if(randFood==5)

return char(232);

if(randFood==6)

return char(233);

if(randFood==7)

return char(149);

Page | 19

if(randFood==8)

return char(236);

if(randFood==9)

return char(167);

if(randFood==10)

return char(234);

}

}

}

void displayS(int x, int y)

{

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<" ___________"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"| ______|"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"| |______"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"|_______ |"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<" _______| |"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"|___________|"<<endl;

}

void displayN(int x, int y)

{

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<" _________ ____"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"| \\ | |"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"| |\\ \\ | |"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"| | \\ \\ | |"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"| | \\ \\| |"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"|____| \\_________|"<<endl;

}

Page | 20

void displayA(int x, int y)

{

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<" ____________ "<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<" / ____ \\"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"| |____| |"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"| ____ |"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"| | | |"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"|____| |____|"<<endl;

}

void displayK(int x, int y)

{

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<" ___ _____"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"| | / /"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"| |/ /"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"| <"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"| |\\ \\"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"|___| \\____\\"<<endl;

}

void displayE(int x, int y)

{

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<" _________"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"| ______|"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"| |__ "<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"| __|"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"| |______"<<endl; ++y;

gotoxy(x,y); cout<<"|_________|"<<endl;

}

Page | 21

void displaySnake1() //To display SNAKE in screen without delay

{

long size;

int row,col;


row=size%1000;

col=size/1000;

row=row/3;

col=col/4;

displayS(col,row);

displayN(col+19,row);

displayA(col+45,row);

displayK(col+67,row);

displayE(col+85,row);

}

void displaySnake() //To display SNAKE in screen

{

long size;

int row,col;


row=size%1000;

col=size/1000;

row=row/3;

col=col/4; _sleep(300);

displayS(col,row); _sleep(300);

displayN(col+19,row); _sleep(300);

displayA(col+45,row); _sleep(300);

displayK(col+67,row); _sleep(300);

displayE(col+85,row);

Page | 22

gotoxy(col+30,row+17);

_sleep(300);

cout<<"Press ANY key to begin........";

getch();

}

void displayCredits() //To display the credits

{

displaySnake1();

long size;

int row,col;


row=size%1000;

col=size/1000;

col=(col/3)-5;

row=row/2;

gotoxy(col,row); cout<<" These are the people because of which this project has been

possible."; row++;

gotoxy(col,row);

cout<<"===================================================================

======"; row+=3;

gotoxy(col+2,row); cout<<"1. Abhinay Shah"; row++;

gotoxy(col+2,row); cout<<"2. Hrithik Chaudhary"; row++;

gotoxy(col+2,row); cout<<"3. Anish Ansari"; row++;

gotoxy(col+2,row); cout<<"4. Pritam Samanta"; row++;



getch();

menuScreen();

}

Page | 23

void saveScores() // This will save scores

{

fstream fSave,fRead;

getScore scores;

fRead.open("score.dat",ios::in|ios::binary);

fRead.read((char*)&scores,sizeof(scores));

fRead.close();

if(scores.highScore < score1)

scores.highScore=score1;

scores.score=score1;

fSave.open("score.dat",ios::out|ios::binary);

fSave.write((char*)&scores,sizeof(scores));

fSave.close();

}

void displayScores() //To get scores

{

displaySnake1();

long size;

int row,col;


row=size%1000;

col=size/1000;

col=(col/3)-5;

row=row/2;

fstream fIn;

getScore score;

fIn.open("score.dat",ios::in|ios::binary);

fIn.read((char*)&score,sizeof(score));

fIn.close();

Page | 24

gotoxy(col+18,row+3); cout<<"Score : "<<score.score;

gotoxy(col+18,row+5); cout<<"High-Score : "<<score.highScore;



getch();

menuScreen();

}

int checkChoice(char ans[100],int row,int col)

{

if(!strcmp(ans,"1"))

return 1;

else if(!strcmp(ans,"2"))

return 2;


return 3;


return 4;


return 5;

else

{

ans[100]=NULL;

gotoxy(col+3,row+7);

cout<<"Error. Please enter again";

_sleep(1500);

menuScreen();

}

}

Page | 25

void menuScreen() // To display menu screen

{

system("cls");

displaySnake1();

long size;

int select,row,col;

char ans[100];


row=size%1000;

col=size/1000;

col=col/3+8;

row=row/2;

gotoxy(col+3,row); cout<<"1. Start the game"; row++;

gotoxy(col+3,row); cout<<"2. Scores"; row++;

gotoxy(col+3,row); cout<<"3. Credits"; row++;

gotoxy(col+3,row); cout<<"4. Instructions"; row++;

gotoxy(col+3,row); cout<<"5. EXIT"; row++;

gotoxy(col,row+4); cout<<"Enter your choice : ";

gets(ans);

select=checkChoice(ans,row,col);

switch(select)

{

case 1:

system("cls");

run(); //To begin the main game

getch();

break;

case 2:

system("cls");

Page | 26

displayScores(); //To display scores

break;

case 3:

system("cls");

displayCredits(); //To display credits

break;

case 4:

printInstruction(); //To print information

break;

case 5:

system("exit"); //To exit

break;

}

}

int main()

{

system("COLOR 70");

hideCur();

displaySnake(); //Displays SNAKE with animation

menuScreen();

}

Page | 27

Output Screen

Page | 28

Page | 29

Page | 30

Page | 31

Conclusion

In this way a snake game was successfully created in

C++.

Bibliography

Dhanpat Rai & Co. Computer Science Textbook XII

http://www.cplusplus.com/forum/general/7258/

https://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/vstudio/en-

US/5e20d71d-a538-45b7-9cd1-b5b0d95be948/maximizing-

the-c-console-window?forum=vcgeneral

https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-

us/library/windows/desktop/ms648396(v=vs.85).aspx

http://www.gamedev.net/topic/201413-hiding-text-cursor-in-

c-console-applications/

http://www.cplusplus.com/forum/beginner/5830/

http://www.dreamincode.net/forums/topic/99121-time-delay-

output/

http://www.cplusplus.com/forum/general/7258/

https://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/vstudio/en-US/5e20d71d-a538-45b7-9cd1-b5b0d95be948/maximizing-the-c-console-window?forum=vcgeneral



https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms648396(v=vs.85).aspx

https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms648396(v=vs.85).aspx

http://www.gamedev.net/topic/201413-hiding-text-cursor-in-c-console-applications/

http://www.gamedev.net/topic/201413-hiding-text-cursor-in-c-console-applications/

http://www.cplusplus.com/forum/beginner/5830/

http://www.dreamincode.net/forums/topic/99121-time-delay-output/

http://www.dreamincode.net/forums/topic/99121-time-delay-output/

computer project for class xii topic - the snake game

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