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DEPARTMENT OF SOCIOLOGY

FACULTY OF ARTS AND LETTERS UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS

DATA COMPARISON:

YAFS AND 3F1 DATA ON DRINKING ALCOHOLIC

BEVERAGES

BY

MANGAHAS, MARY GRACE B.

MORENO, VERONICA MICHELLE L.

November 15, 2014

Introduction

Alcoholic drinking has been part of Philippine culture. Even during the ancient times this activity has already existed and continuously practice in today’s era. As part of the culture, Filipinos never fail to include drinking alcoholic beverages in celebrating a particular occasion such as fiesta, birthday and holidays. But others considered drinking alcohol as deviant because of its

negative effects on human particularly on situations that causes an individual to do criminal or

violent actions. However, drinking alcohol is not just considered as a norm less act for it

embodies meaning that are not commonly identified. “Alcohol is a symbolic vehicle for

identifying, describing, constructing and manipulating cultural systems, values, interpersonal

relationship, behavioral norms, and expectations.” Thus, drinking alcohol is not just a simple

activity because it serves different functions particularly on socialization. According from

Labajo, total recorded per capita consumption of Filipinos is 3.75 litres of pure alcohol for those 15 years and above years and above and increases by 10% every year (Filipinos only third to Thailand and Japan). 38.9% of Filipinos are occasional alcohol drinkers, 11.1% are regular drinkers (13% males and 5.9% females) while females) while 4.8% are heavy drinkers ( % are heavy drinkers ( 6.6% males and % males and 1.3% females) though children Filipino drinkers drink beer (78.5%) , liquor--rum, gin, whisky and lambanog (70.6%), and wine, tuba, sangria, sherry (42.4%). Because of that, the researchers

became interested on the topic in Block G of YAFS Data specifically, drinking alcohol and how

it becomes essential on the Filipino society.

Methodology

Research Design

Survey has been used for collecting data on 25 respondents from 3F1 which is defined as a

questionnaire in a standardized form with the purpose of gathering information from the selected

samples. It can be self-administered or administered by the interviewers but in this study, it is

self-administered (Tungpalan 2005). Giving of questionnaires also considered ethical procedure

through informing the respondents about the objectives of the study and that confidentiality of

the information has been assured.

Sampling Method

The sampling method employed in this study is purposive sampling wherein members are chosen

based on a set of criteria (Tungpalan 2005). Criteria set for respondents are: (1) student from the

University of Santo Tomas; (2) must be from homogenous block and as decided by the

researchers, it is the third year Food Technology; (3) under the block of 3F1 and, (4) availability

of the respondents. There are 25 respondents who answered a prepared survey questionnaire that

has been pre-test four days before the actual data gathering.

Locale

The research locale for this study is the University of Santo Tomas particularly students from

3F1 which is under the College of Education. The locale was chosen because it is more

convenient for the researcher but the data needed have not been taken for granted.

Statistical Tool

The type of approach for this study is quantitative method with the use of statistics. There are

two subdivisions of statistical method, namely descriptive and inferential but this research

focused on descriptive statistics. It “deals with the presentation of numerical facts, or data, in

either tables or graphs form” (http://www.acad.polyu.edu.hk n.d.) which is use for describing or

summarizing numeric observations (http://www.sagepub.com n.d.). It only describes data that

has been gathered. In encoding and analyzing the data gathered from selected respondents from

third year Food Technology students, SPSS which stands for Statistical Package for the Social

Sciences, a software for quantitative data has been used. Microsoft Excel also helped the

researchers to create graphs for both the YAFS data and the 3F1 data specifically only the

common variables for drinking alcoholic beverages.

Result and Analysis

Table 1. YAFS DATA Table 2. 3F1 DATA

Yes68%

No32%

80%

Ever Tried Drinking?

Yes88%

No12%

Ever Tried Drinking?


First Drink Age

7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 1718 19 20 21 22 23 24 97 98 99

5% 9%5%

9%

32%9%

14%

5%14%

First Drink Age

7 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 97

Table 5. YAFS DATA

1st Drinking Partners in 1st Drinking Session

0

Barkada/friends

Family/relatives

School mates

Sorority/fraternity mates

Officemate/co-workers

Partner

Teacher

Boardmate

1+2

1+3

Others

98

99

Table 6. 3F1 DATA

Barkada or friends59%

Family or relatives36%

School mates5%

1st Drinking Partners in 1st Drinking Session

Barkada or friends Family or relatives School mates


Yes, regularly5%

Yes, not regu-larly/some-

times35%

No28%

80%

932%

Currently Drinking Alcoholic Beverage ?

Yes, regularly or often5%

Yes, not regularly or sometime

68%

No27%

Currently Drinking Alcoholic Beverage ?

Table 9. YAFS DATA

Kind of Alcoholic Beverages Beer Hard drinks (gin, vodka, cognac, brandy, etc.) Mixed drinks (gin pomelo, beer-gin-coke, etc.) Tuba Wine 1+2+3 1+2 2+3 1+3 2+4 1+4 1+2+4 All drinksOthers9899

Table 10. 3F1 DATA

38%

38%

19%

6%

Kind of Alcoholic Beverages

Beer Hard drinks Mixed drinks Others

Table 11. YAFS DATA

Consume per Average of Bottles of Alcoholic Drinks

Shots/glasses only 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

12 13 14 15 16 18 20 24 30 One gallon 1/2 gallon 1/4 gallon

2 gallons + more < 1 bottle DK 98 99

Table 12. 3F1 DATA

50%

33%

17%

Consume per Average of Bottles of Alcoholic Drinks

2 3 4

Table 13. YAFS DATA

Consume per Average of Shots of Alcoholic Drinks

Shots/glasses only 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

15 16 18 19 20 24 25 30 32 35 45 48 50 95 Bottles (beer) /glasses only

DK 98 99

Table 14. 3F1 DATA

13%

25%

25%

38%

Consume per Average of Shots of Alcoholic Drinks

1 3 6 10


Usual Drinking Partner

Alone Barkada/friends Family/relatives School mates Sorority/fraternity mates Officemates/co-workers 2+3 Others98 99

75%

25%

Usual Drinking Partner

Barkada or friends Family or relatives

Table 17. YAFS DATA

Reason for Drinking Alcoholic Beverages

Enjoyment and relaxation To escape from problems/concerns Pressure from others/can't say no

Socialization/pakikisama Nothing else to do For good health/help digestion

Personal choice 1+4 1+2

2+4 Others 98

99

Table 18. 3F1 DATA

81%

13%6%

Reason for Drinking Alcoholic Beverages

Enjoyment and relaxation Socialization or pakikisama Nothing else to do


Yes9%

No32%

80%

959%

Getting into Trouble in Relation to Drinking

Yes6%

No94%

Getting into Trouble in Relation to Drinking

Table. 21. YAFS DATA Table 22. 3F1 DATA

Yes20%

No5%DK0%8

0%

974%

Ever Tried to Stop Drinking?

Yes19%

No81%

Ever Tried to Stop Drinking?


Yes71%

No29%

80%

Family Members Currently Drinking?

Yes32%

No68%

Family Members Currently Drinking?


Checked46%

Not checked

25%

80%

929%

drinking regularly: father

Yes38%

No63%

drinking regularly: father


Checked7%

Not checked64%

80%

929%

drinking regularly: mother

No

100%

drinking regularly: mother


Checked31%

Not checked41%

80%

929%

drinking regularly: brother

Yes50%

No50%

drinking regularly: brother


Checked3%

Not checked68%

80%

929%

drinking regularly: sister

No

100%

drinking regularly: sister


Checked6% Not checked

6%80%

989%

drinking regularly: spouse

No

100%

drinking regularly: spouse


Yes25%

No25%

82%

948%

experience drinking with family members

Yes52%

No48%

experience drinking with family members

According to the first two table, 3F1 respondents has higher percentage of tried drinking

alcoholic beverages than respondents from YAFS. From the tables 3 and 4, both respondents

from two data started drinking at age 16.The tables 5 and 6 showed that barkada/friends were

their first drinking partners in first drinking session. Yes, not regularly/sometimes is the

dominant answer for both data in tables 7 and 8. Beer is the most common kind of alcoholic

beverages as illustrated on tables 9 and 10.Meanwhile, tables 11 and 12 as well as tables 13 and

14 cannot be compared because of inconsistency in choices. Tables 15 and 16 both agreed that

barkada/friends is the usual drinking partner of respondents from YAFS and 3F1 data.

Enjoyment and relaxation got the highest percentage for the reason of drinking alcoholic

beverages. Based on the data from tables 19 and 20 there is a lesser trouble incident in relation to

drinking alcoholic beverages from respondents of two data. Tables 21 and 22 have a different

result on the question of ever tried to stop drinking because many respondents from 3F1

answered no while respondents from YAFS data answered yes which is same thing with tables

23 and 24. It is because more family members of YAFS respondents are currently drinking

compared to family members of 3F1 respondents. The result on tables 25 and 26 are almost the

same in the percentage of father who drinks regularly. Table 28 has a 100 percent of mother who

does not drink alcoholic beverages regularly while according on table 27, 7 percent of

respondent’s mother drinks alcoholic beverages regularly. Results of tables 29 and 30 are also

almost the same in percentage of respondent’s brother who does not drink alcoholic beverages

regularly Table 32 has a 100 percent of respondent’s sister who does not drink alcoholic

beverages regularly while according to table 31, 3 percent of respondent’s sister drink alcoholic

beverages regularly. Table 34 showed that there is 0 percent of spouse drinking regularly

because all respondents of 3F1 data are not yet married but in the YAFS data 6 percent answered

yes that their spouse drinks alcoholic beverages regularly. Lastly, table 36’s respondents has 52

percent who answered that they have already experienced drinking alcoholic beverages with

family members while table 35: YAFS data illustrated that both yes and no got 25 percent on the

question of have you ever experienced drinking alcoholic beverages with family members.

Conclusion and RecommendationIn conclusion, based on the results of both YAFS and 3F1 data, it strengthen the argument of Maritona Victa Labajo on her study entitled The Filipino as Quintessential Drinker: A Study of Alcohol Drinking Patterns among Filipinos which she stated that 60% of Filipino youth ages 13 years and above have taken or are

taking alcoholic beverages, 79% males and 21% females. Also beer has been the most common alcoholic beverage among Filipino drinkers. The researchers also found out that the most reason why Filipinos drink is to enjoy and to relax.

And barkada or friends are common drinking companion. For recommendation, researchers commend future studies to focus on how drinking alcoholic beverages become part of the Filipino culture.

Referenceshttp://www.acad.polyu.edu.hk. n.d. “Chapter 1: Descriptive Statistics.” Retrieved November 13, 2014 (http://www.acad.polyu.edu.hk/~machanck/lectnotes/c1_des.pdf).

http://www.sagepub.com. n.d. “Introduction to Statistics.” Retrieved November 13, 2014 (http://www.sagepub.com/upm-data/40006_Chapter1.pdf).

http://www.sirc.org. n.d. “Drinking.” Retrieved November 11, 2014 (http://www.sirc.org/publik/drinking6.html).

Labajo, Maritona V. n.d. “THE FILIPINO AS THE QUINTESSENTIAL DRINKER: A Study of Alcohol Drinking Patterns Among Filipinos.”.

Tungpalan, Tess. 2005. Handbook for Researchers. 3rd ed. Quezon: UP-CSWCD-REDO.

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