computer apps. computer concepts. what is a computer? turning data into usable information.....

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Computer Apps. Computer concepts

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Computer Apps.

Computer concepts

What is a Computer?

• Turning data into usable information..

• A computer is a machine that receives inputinput, performs performs processingprocessing, and produces outputproduces output.

Input•data entered into a computer

Processing- actions that computer

programs perform on input.

Output

results of processing such as a printed letter.

What is a computer

•A computer is a tool you can use for a variety of tasks including creating documents, storing information, playing games, learning a new skill, and connecting to the Internet.

Hardware

•Consists of the physical components that make up a computer.

Tower

Monitor

Keyboard Mouse

Examples of Hardware

• CPU• Monitor• Keyboard• Mouse• Speakers• Digital camera

• Printer• Modem• CD/DVD

Burner• Microphone• Scanners

Software

•Is a set of programming instructions used to accomplish a certain task.

Operating System

• Handles common tasks of using a computer, including starting the computer, starting a program, printing a document, and storing a file.

• The operating system takes your The operating system takes your commands and translates them into commands and translates them into language that the hardware can language that the hardware can understand.understand.

• All computers require an operating system to work.

• New computers come with an operating system.

• The most common operating system is Microsoft Windows.

Inside a Computer

• MotherboardMotherboard- is the main circuit board that moves data between components.

• All the devices inside a computer are connected to the motherboard.

Binary

•The CPU processes data and handles instructions using the binary system.

•BinaryBinary- uses two digits : 0 for off and 1 for on.

Bit

•The smallest unit of data•A vast number of on and off switches

Byte

• To represent data, such as a letter, the computer groups together bits.

• A group of 8 bits is called a byte.

• The 8 bits can be arranged into 256 combinations.

Memory

• Memory is another determining factor in speed and performance.

• The more memory, the faster the computer (and the more expensive).

How Memory Works

• The processor stores basic instructions, but it cannot store programs or data.

• To store this information, the computer’s memory, is called RAMRAM.

• Computer has two types of memory: ROM and RAM

ROM• ROM-Read Only ROM-Read Only

Memory-Memory-It is permanent storage, and can not be changed.– Contains data and

instructions that have been burned in.

– ROM contain instructions for starting a computer, checking for hardware devices, and starting the operating system.

RAM• Random Access

Memory• Instructions and

data that are stored temporarily in RAM.

• If you lose power all the data will be lost.

Expansion Slots

•allows you to add other devices such as a Video Card to the motherboard.

Expansion Slots

Cards added to Expansion Slots

• Video Video Card-Card-an expansion that allows a user to capture video images and sounds.

• Modem Card-Modem Card- modems are used to communicate via the telephone with other computers through the Internet.

Bus• Main communication path on the Main communication path on the

motherboard made of tiny wiresmotherboard made of tiny wires• The size of the Bus is important

because it affects the performance of a computer.

• The Bus size is measured in bits-16-bits, 32 bits, 64-bits.

E-Commerce

• business conducted on the Internet

Hacking

•data that can be stolen, erased, or modified

Copyright Laws

• software manufactures protect their product by copyrighting. Register the originality of a written or artist effort through the U.S. Copyright Office.

Software Licensing

•specifies on how many people can use the software and the number of computers on which the software may be installed

Spamming

• The posting or sending of irrelevant and unwanted messages over the Internet.

Scanners

•an optical input device used to convert text and images into computer readable form.

Network

• a system of computers interconnect so they can share data and programs.

CD-RW•compact disk method of data storage with capacity to record, be erased, and then reuse.

Monitor

• a device that receives output from a computer and displays it visually.

PDA• (Personal Digital Assistant)- is a

palmtop specialized to store phone numbers, calendars, schedules, and personal information.

Printer•computer output device that provide hard copy, a permanent record of a computer’s output.

LASERPRINTER

INKJETPRINTER

Switch• a standard telephone network

in which each location has a number that is used to connect to the system.

Hard drive•a magnetic

storage device inside your computer system for permanent storage.

Computer Speed and MHz

A. The clock speed of a computer is measured in megahertzmegahertz.

B. A HertzHertz is a single up and down movement of an electromagnetic wave.C. mega-millions of oscillating waves per second.

Hard Drives Vary 3 Ways

•Capacity (size)- measured in megabytes or gigabytes. –One megabyte would be equal to 1 to 1 1\2 floppy disks.

•Speed•Drive standard

Digital Camera

•An input device that can instantly view and print pictures that you take without using film.

•Pictures are stored in the camera’s memory or on a memory card.

Netiquette•Using proper manners when using an online service or the Internet

Netiquette Tips for E-Mail

• When forwarding an e-mail be careful not to violate the sender’s privacy when forwarding an e-mail.

• Always cite materials that you gather from the internet. It is important to give other people credit for their work.

• Cool off before answering an e-mail from someone who has upset you.

• Resist attacking the author of a posting. It is considered “Flaming”

• When you use capital letters, it is considered YELLING OR SHOUTING!!

• Keep your messages short.• Just like in a letter, include a

greeting and closing with your name.• Fill in the subject line of an e-mail.