computational design + fabricationcs194-28/fa15/lectures/... · 2015-09-18 · makers: the new...
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Computational Design + Fabrication
Jonathan Bachrach
EECS UC Berkeley
August 27, 2015
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Today 1
introductionthing compilerdemoscourse info
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Traditional Architectural Design 2
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Parametric Design 3
parametersconstraints
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Traditional Robot Design 4
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Trouble with Traditional 3D Design 5
manually intensivehard to keep in syncdifficult to learnbrittle – hard to parameterizedisconnected from fabrication
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Traditional Fabrication 6
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Traditional Fabrication / Manufacturing 7
is manually intensiveis difficult/dangerous/slow to toolshas a distribution bottleneck
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What is Computational Design + Fabrication? 8
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What is Computational Design + Fabrication? 9
make hardware more like software?automating design + fabricationnew computer based fabrication machinesusing software techniques
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Why is it so important? 10
1/4 economy based on manufacturing of physical goodsmany people do repetitive / dull jobstremendous latent creativity
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Industrial Revolutions 11
set of technogies that vastly amplify productivity of peoplefewer people in society needed for bare essentials:
food, clothing, sheltermore time spent on
ideas, invention, learning, politics, the arts, and creativity
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Previous Industrial Revolutions 12
1 1700s – textiles – invention of invention2 1850s – steel + transportation + assembly line
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Third Revolution 13
hardware as softwarejust in time manufacturing
The Economist
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Rise of the Artisan 14
affordable JIT manufacturingrise of the artisanincreases entrepreneurshipmass customization
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HW as SW + Information 15
designs as information – file formatsnetwork effect – sharingremix culture – rip, mod, fabmanufacture local or global
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Design + Fabrication Loop 16
designcompilationevaluationfabrication
design compile
eval fab
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3D Printing 17
additive manufacturing many diffent kinds
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The ten principles of 3D printing ** 18
1 complexity is free2 variety is free3 no assembly required4 zero lead time5 unlimited design space6 zero skill manufacturing7 compact, portable manufacturing8 less waste by-product9 infinite shades of materials
10 precise physical replication
** Fabricated: The New World of 3D Printing, by Hod Lipson, Melba Kurman
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What are 3DP challenges? 19
3d designlimited materials, scalemulti-materialbig datasimulation + evaluationinadmissible inputs
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Practical CNC Machines 20
cutterslaservinylwater jet
mills3 axis5 axis
miscellaneouswire bender
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What are CNC challenges? 21
softwareclunkyambiguous inputsometimes manualnot WYSIWYGno nesting
assemblystill manual
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Traditional Design for Manufacturing 22
design twicelabor intensive
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New Design for Manufacturing 23
design onceall design manufacturableall problems shown up front in design
human out of the loop
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Declarative Design 24
what not howgoals + constraintsoptimization
Computational Design of Mechanical Characters – Disney Research
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Constructive Solid Geometry 25
primitives + operations + transformations
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CSG + Programming Language 26
abstraction -> reusereplication etc
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Generators 27
thing functionsparameters sweep spacewhat are parameters?
=>
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Example Shape Generator 28
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Shape Grammars 29
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Example L-system Uses 30
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Emergence 31
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Pattern Formation 32
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Thing Languages 33
specificationtransformationexample skeleton + skinning
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Software Compilers 34
human-readable source into machine-executable object codeintermediate representation + passesfront-end, optimizer, back-end
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Compiler Basics 35
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Thing Compilers 36
high-level conceptual design text inputfabrication machine code outputtowards an architecture compiler
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Slicer 37
3d mesh into slicesslotslabelslayoutinstructions
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Compiler Toolkits 38
modularize compiler into librarycompiler is set of passescan write new passesexplosion in languages and backends
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Design Space Exploration 39
combination of DSE + compilersoptimization techniquevisualization
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Future Design 40
healinggrowingprogrammable shapes
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Future Fabrication 41
robotic constructionfeedback loop with materials
ETH University + Gramazio Kohler Research
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References 42
Fabricated: The New World of 3D Printing, by Hod Lipson, MelbaKurmanMakers: The New Industrial Revolution, by Chris AndersonMakers, by Cory DoctorowThe Third Industrial Revolution, The Economist