compost technologies

8/3/2019 Compost Technologies

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General Group ofGeneral Group of

Composting MethodsComposting Methods

I. Windrow: turning equipmentI. Windrow: turning equipment

II. Passive aerated windrowsII. Passive aerated windrows

III. Aerated static pileIII. Aerated static pile

IV. InIV. In--vessel compostingvessel compostingCopyright 2003 by Monica Ozores-Hampton. All rights reserved


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I. Windrow CompostingI. Windrow Composting

Consists of ofConsists of ofplacing the mixtureplacing the mixture

of raw materials in aof raw materials in a

long narrow piles orlong narrow piles orwindrows which arewindrows which are

agitated or turnedagitated or turned

on a regular basis.on a regular basis.

Copyright 2003 by Monica Ozores-Hampton. All rights reserved


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Passive air movement in aPassive air movement in a

composting windrow or pilecomposting windrow or pile



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Why Turning the WindrowWhy Turning the Windrow

Rebuilds the porosityRebuilds the porosity Releases trapped heat, water, andReleases trapped heat, water, and

gasses.gasses.

Exchanges the material at theExchanges the material at the

windrowwindrows surface with material froms surface with material from

the interior (more weeds seeds,the interior (more weeds seeds,pathogens, and fly larvae are destroypathogens, and fly larvae are destroy

by high interior temperature)by high interior temperature)Copyright 2003 by Monica Ozores-Hampton. All rights reserved


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Turning EquipmentTurning Equipment

Front end loaderFront end loader

TractorTractor--assisted turnersassisted turners (pushed or pulled).(pushed or pulled).Tractor at least 80 horsepower to the PTO and travel at 1 mileTractor at least 80 horsepower to the PTO and travel at 1 mileper hour).per hour).

Totally selfTotally self--drivendriven



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Tractor assisted windrow Turner


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Self -driven


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II. PassiveII. Passive aeratedaerated

windrowswindrows

Eliminates the need for turning byEliminates the need for turning bysupplying air to the compostingsupplying air to the composting

materials through perforated pipesmaterials through perforated pipes

embedded in each windrow (hot gasesembedded in each windrow (hot gasesrise upward out of the windrow).rise upward out of the windrow).

No turning or agitation of the materialsNo turning or agitation of the materialsoccurs once the pile is formed.occurs once the pile is formed.



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III. Aerated static pileIII. Aerated static pile

Takes the piped aeration system a stepTakes the piped aeration system a stepfurther, using a blower to supply air tofurther, using a blower to supply air to

the composting materials.the composting materials.

No turning or agitation of the materialsNo turning or agitation of the materials

occurs once the pile is formed.occurs once the pile is formed.



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IV. InIV. In--Vessel CompostingVessel Composting

Confine the composting materials withinConfine the composting materials withina building, container, or vessel.a building, container, or vessel.

Rely on a variety of forced aeration andRely on a variety of forced aeration and

mechanical turning techniques to speedmechanical turning techniques to speed

up the process.up the process.

Bin composting, rectangular agitatedBin composting, rectangular agitatedbeds, silos, rotating drumsbeds, silos, rotating drums



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Commercial Composting

Compost Facilities in

FloridaCopyright 2003 by Monica Ozores-Hampton. All rights reserved


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Palm Beach Solid Waste Authority

Overview of the yard-trimming-biosolids

composting facility in Palm Beach, FL.

Enclosure of composting process

prevents objectionable odors.

In-vessel composting methods rely on a

variety of forced aeration and mechanical

turning techniques to speed up the

composting process (21 days).


l h S lid h i


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Composting Facilities in Florida:

Walt Disney

Food waste and wood chips composting. In-vessel



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Walt Disney

Food waste and wood chips composting. In-vessel



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Yard Waste Facilities in Florida:

Immokalee

Yard Trimming waste . Windrow composting


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