Components of the Spheres
By Deandra M., Matthew R., Justin H., and Erin S.. Geosphere Geosphere Geo means Ground so basically the ground is the location
Includes the Earth's interior,rocks and minerals, landformsand the processes that shapethe Earth's surface. Interactions of the spheres : Geosphere Changes in the Geosphere are based on physicalevidence such as rocks, fossils, and land forms Core- makes up 16% of the volume of the earthand 31% of mass. It is divided into 2 regions :Solid inner core and liquid outer core. Mantle- largest layer in the earth 82% of volumeand 68% of mass dominated by magnesium andiron-rich minerals Crust- the thinnest layer in the earth only 2% ofvolume and 1% of mass. Tectonic plates- The dozen or so plates that makeup the surface of the Earth. Their motion is studiedin the field of plate tectonics. Hydrosphere Hydrosphere Liquid water component of the Earth
Covers about 70% ofEarth 3 % of total water is freshwater, and only 1% of thisis attainable The hydrosphere isalways in motion Hydrosphere Salinity and temperature of the water affect motion
Warm/fresh water = less dense,rises to top Cold/salt water = more dense,sinks down Acts as reservoir for chemicalsand gases Limits how fast climates canchange Distributes heat to entire globe Cryosphere Cryosphere The Solid Water or Ice part of the earth
Antarctica The Arctic Circle The composition of the cryosphere is water. Just. Water. Glaciers form sedimentary rock style, except, youknow, ice. Glaciers are melting due to global warming and thiscauses flooding, icebergs, and loss of habitat. Permafrost is a permanently frozen layer below thetopsoil Global Warming causes permafrost to melt whichcauses the freshwater permafrost supports to sinkbelow the surface Mid-Presentation Questions
What is the difference between tectonic plates and plate tectonics? How does the Hydrosphere affect climate? How are Glaciers formed? Atmosphere Introduction to Atmosphere
Gaseous layer of the Earth, formed 4 billion years ago. Started off with water vapor, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide,hydrochloric acid, methane, ammonia, nitrogen, and sulfur gases. The lack of free oxygen caused the atmosphere to reduce. Water vapor eventually rained down forming bodies of water. The bodies of water became home to the first organisms which beganreleasing oxygen, thus oxidizing the atmosphere. Structure 71% Nitrogen, 28% Oxygen, 1% Water vapor, argon and carbondioxide. Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, and Thermosphere layers. The layers Troposphere- the lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere and site of allweather on Earth. Stratosphere- the layer of the earth's atmosphere above the troposphere,extending to about 32 miles (50 km) above the earth's surface (the lowerboundary of the mesosphere). Mesosphere- the region of the earth's atmosphere above the stratosphereand below the thermosphere, between about 30 and 50 miles (50 and 80km) in altitude Thermosphere- the region of the atmosphere above the mesosphere andbelow the height at which the atmosphere ceases to have the properties ofa continuous medium. The thermosphere is characterized throughout byan increase in temperature with height. Biosphere Biosphere Everything that contains life
Includes atmosphere, lithosphere,hydrosphere, etc. Erosion and deforestation impacteverything within the biospheregreatly. Basically, people are messing up the partof the world that has life Biomes The biosphere consistsof several biomes, eachwith different climatesand abiotic/biotic factors Desert Deciduous Forest Rainforest Grassland Tundra Taiga Savanna Salt Water Fresh Water Post-Presentation Questions
What are the layers of the atmosphere? What two issues affect the biosphere greatly? Name at leastfour biomes.