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COMPARTMENT SYNDROME Nur Durratul Ftrah bt Baseri DN079/08

Nurul Atiqah bt Zainun DN084/08

Nurul Husna bt Murad DN085/08

Sayidah Nafisah bt Azizan DN090/08

Nurul Najihah bt Ahmad Damanhuri DN102/08

Tevaki Mathavan DN101/08

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DEFINITION

Compartment syndrome is a serious conditionthat involves increased pressure in a musclecompartment. It can lead to muscle and nervedamage and problems with blood flow.

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TYPES

A cute compartment syndrome:from trauma to the muscle or bone in the

compartment.

Chronic compartment syndrome:

overuse or repetitive stresses to the muscleinside the compartment.

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CAUSES

tibia or forearm fracturesischemic reperfusion following injuryhemorhagevascular punctureintravenous drug injectioncastslimb compressioncrush injuriesburns.

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SIGN & SYMPTOMS

P ain is often reported early usually of severe,deep, constant, and poorly localized pain,P aresthesia (altered sensation e.g. "pins &

needles.P aralysis of the limb ( late finding).Lack of pulse rarelyTense and swollen shiny skin, sometimes with

obvious bruising of the skin.Congestion of the digits with prolonged capillaryrefill time.

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SIGN & TEST

A physical exam will reveal:P ain when the compartment is squeezed

Severe pain when move the effected areaEg: person with compartment syndrome in thefoot or lower leg will experience severe painwhen moving the toes up and down

Swollen and shiny skin

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L OWER L IMB COMPARTMENT SYNDROME

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ABDOMINAL COMPARTMENT SYNDROME

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ACUTE ORBITA L COPMARTMENT SYNDROME

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MEDICAL TREATMENT

Icesports massage

anti-inflammatory medicationsimmobilization

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SURGICA L TREATMENT

Surgical treatment:fascia is cut open to allow the fluids to drain

and relieve the pressure.Long surgical cuts are made through the fascia torelieve the pressure

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FOREARM FASCIOTOMY

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COMPL ICATIONS

necrosis of tissueVolkmann's contracture in affected limbs.

Hypoxia cause of capillary perfusion will fallrhabdomyolysiskidney failure

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HEA L TH EDUCATION

W arming the muscle properly will prepare itfor the upcoming activity and allow a slowincrease in muscle sizeAvoid or limited activities that cause pain asmuch as possibleGradually increasing intensity and duration of

activities is importantStretching the muscles will help relievepressure within the compartment

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NURSING DIAGNOSIS

1 ) A ltered pain related to compression of leg

2) Risk for infection related to post fasciotomy

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REFFERENCES

Retrieved on Feb 7,20 11

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