comparison of deformity correction and complications with veptr and early primary posterior spinal...
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Comparison of deformity correction and complications with VEPTR and early primary posterior spinal fusion in young children with idiopathic scoliosis: A retrospective matched cohort analysis
• Micaela Cyr, BA• Patrick Cahill, MD• Suhong Tong, MS• Tricia St. Hilaire, MPH• Harms Study Group• Children’s Spine Study Group• Sumeet Garg, MD
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Study Question
• What is the optimal treatment of an idiopathic scoliosis patient between 8 and 10 with a curve >50 degrees?
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Methods• Matched analysis: Age, gender, cobb angle (+/-
10°)
• Outcome variables:– Radiographic criteria– Number of operations– Unexpected re-operations– Complications
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MethodsGrowth Friendly Construct
PSF
Number of patients 6 12
Age (years) 8-11 (Mean 9.8) 10-11 (Mean 10.6)
Average preoperative Cobb angle
66° 65°
Average follow up time (years) 3.2 2.2
Open triradiate
Each growing surgery patient matched with 1-4 fusion patients.
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Results
PreOp Final PostOp0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
245.6
295.03
185.52
214.82
Comparison of Thoracic Height
PSF Growing Surgery
Thora
cic
Heig
ht
(mm
)
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Results• Growing surgery patients shorter by 52.65 mm
after controlling for preoperative thoracic height (p=0.032)
• There was a significant difference in Cobb angle at final follow up between the VEPTR cohort (65º) and PSF cohort (24º) (p<0.0001)
• Growing surgery patients on average had 6.3 more surgeries than PSF cohort (95% CI: 3.4-11.8)
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Complications• PSF – 2 of 12 patients with complications– Pulmonary edema – treated medically– Anchor failure – required reoperation
• Rib based growing surgery – 2 of 6 patients with complications– Superficial infection – treated medically– Anchor failure – required reoperation
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Limitations
• Preliminary study with small sample size
• Growing surgery patients have not had final fusion
• No PFT or quality of life data (EOSQ-24)
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Conclusions• Rib based growing surgery patients undergo
more operations
• Complications and unexpected reoperations are frequent, but not significantly different in this small cohort
• PSF has reasonable results in immature patients between 10-11 years
• Rib based growing surgery can prevent progression in idiopathic scoliosis patients between 8-10 years
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Significance• Both rib based growing surgery and PSF control
juvenile idiopathic scoliosis
• Further study is needed with a larger cohort and with growing surgery patients followed until their final fusion
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References• 1. Samdani, A.F., et al., The usefulness of VEPTR in the older child with complex spine and chest
deformity. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research®, 2010. 468(3): p. 700-704.• 2. Gadepalli, S.K., et al., Vertical expandable prosthetic titanium rib device insertion: does it
improve pulmonary function? Journal of pediatric surgery, 2011. 46(1): p. 77-80.• 3. CampbellJr, R.M., et al., The effect of opening wedge thoracostomy on thoracic insufficiency
syndrome associated with fused ribs and congenital scoliosis. The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery, 2004. 86(8): p. 1659-1674.
• 4. Emans, J.B., et al., The treatment of spine and chest wall deformities with fused ribs by expansion thoracostomy and insertion of vertical expandable prosthetic titanium rib: growth of thoracic spine and improvement of lung volumes. Spine, 2005. 30(17S): p. S58-S68.
• 5. Waldhausen, J.H., G.J. Redding, and K.M. Song, Vertical expandable prosthetic titanium rib for thoracic insufficiency syndrome: a new method to treat an old problem. Journal of pediatric surgery, 2007. 42(1): p. 76-80.
• 6. Campbell Jr, R.M., VEPTR: past experience and the future of VEPTR principles. European Spine Journal, 2013: p. 1-12.
• 7. Motoyama, E.K., C.I. Yang, and V.F. Deeney, Thoracic malformation with early-onset scoliosis: effect of serial VEPTR expansion thoracoplasty on lung growth and function in children. Paediatric respiratory reviews, 2009. 10(1): p. 12-17.