comparative reconstruction
DESCRIPTION
Comparative Reconstruction. HOW TO RECONSTRUCT PROTO-MELANAU *BUYA Ɂ ‘BECAUSE’. First step: reconstruct slots. Next steps: reconstruct allophones. In the 334 word list, how much support can be adduced for: word-initial PM *b- penultimate *u intervocalic *-y- - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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HOW TO RECONSTRUCT PROTO-MELANAU *BUYAɁ ‘BECAUSE’
Comparative Reconstruction
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First step: reconstruct slots
# GLOSS BelawiMatu-Daro Dalat Kanowit
Proto-Melanau
1because buyaʔ buyaʔ buyaʔ buyaʔ *_ _ _ _ _
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Next steps: reconstruct allophones
# GLOSS BelawiMatu-Daro Dalat Kanowit
Proto-Melanau
1because buyaʔ buyaʔ buyaʔ buyaʔ *_ _ _ _ _
In the 334 word list, how much support can be adduced for:
1. word-initial PM *b-2. penultimate *u3. intervocalic *-y-4. ultimate *a before a final consonant5. word-final *Ɂ
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Principle
Reconstruction proceeds by the method of amassing evidence for every allophone posited for the proto-language.
A vocabulary item is reconstructed “whole” only when every allophone is supported by evidence.
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RECONSTRUCTION OF RECURRING PARTIALS
In other cases, an item may be only partially reconstructed, as in the case of suspected ablaut.
(See Melanau_Morphology.ppt for copious examples.)
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# GLOSS BELAWI MATU-DARO
DALAT KANOWIT
238 clear-cuttubas~ tibas
tubəs~tibəs n.c. n.c.
239 fell (tree) təbaŋtəbaŋ~tibaŋ təbaŋ təbaŋ
240 chop,hack n.c.
tutək~titək tutək tətək
# PROTO MELANAU
BELAWI MATU-DARO
DALAT KANOWIT
238 *t__bəstubas~ tibas
tubəs~tibəs n.c. n.c.
239 *t__baŋ təbaŋtəbaŋ~tibaŋ təbaŋ təbaŋ
240 *t__tək n.c.tutək~titək tutək tətək
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One more thing to watch out for ...
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Discussion question
# GLOSSBelawi
Matu-Daro Dalat Kanowit
Proto-Melanau
1 because buyaʔ buyaʔ buyaʔ buyaʔ *buyaʔ
335
television
telefisi
telefisi televisi televisin *televisin
336
Hello! helo helo helo helo *helo
What’s wrong with this picture?
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Questions ??