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Page 1: Comparative powerpoint
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Ponema ( Phoneme) - isang makabuluhang tunog.

20 phonemes= 15 consonants + 5 vowels

English – a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z

Tagalog- a b k d e g h l m n o ng p r s t u w y

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PA Examples English approximation

Consonants

ʔ galâ [ la ], mantikà [m n tika ], buang [ bu aŋ]ɡɐˈ ʔ ɐ ˈ ʔ ˈ ʔ the catch in uh-oh

b bagay; kaba; libo; positibo; ibon; sanib best

ddaw; din; dilà; dadaanan; madiin; madre; berde; entremitida; litid; posibilidad

dawn

dʒ diyan; udyok joy

ɡ gatas; grande; lagi; kastigo; masipag gold

h hawak; laho; trabaho heaven

j yupi; mayabang; kahoy; sakay you

k kapit; keso; yakap; bakal; tiwarik cape, like

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l talino; kalog; tapal lamb

m madre; lamat; inaasam maker

n nasipat; dadanas; asin need

ŋ ngipin; ingat; dating; lasíng; sink; finger; wing

ɲ anyo; ninyo; kaniya canyon

p piso; tapos taping

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ɾraw; rin; ragasa; rason; resulta; marami; pero; syempre; daliri; biro; drayber; puder; holdaper

run

s sugat; paspasan; husgado; isdâ; basbás; butas sword

ʃ siya, syempre; kasya, perwisyo shine, cash

t tamís; batà; malapit stand

ts kutsara cats, sometimeschew

tʃ tiyak; kutya, kutsara chew

w lawak; daw; aliw wow

ɰ sige a bit like w

x yakap; bakal Bach

z husgado; isda; basbas zebra

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IPA Examples English approximation

Vowels

a batok; bitag; butas; kusa father

ɐ tanso[1] nut

eheto; keso; kendeng; depende; mayroon; kiliti; daliri; bakit; kasi; ngipin; din; rin

send, ray[2]

i sinat; ngipin see

ɪ itak, ginto[3] sit

opompiyang; papanoorin; papanoorin; katotohanan; bota; puso; yero; biro

bore, talk[4]

u putik duplicate; soon

Other symbols used in transcription of Tagalog pronunciation

IPA Explanation

ˈPrimary stress (placed before the stressed syllable):tayô [ta jo ] 'to stand', ˈ ʔ táyo [ tajo] 'we'ˈ

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Plosives

/p/ "p" (pulá)

/b/ "b" (bughaw)

/t/ "t" (tao)

/d/ "d" (diláw)

/k/ "k" (kamáy)

/ɡ/ "g" (gulay).

/ʔ/

"-" (mag-uwi), normally not written when appearing at the end of a word (galâ) or between vowels (buang)

Fricatives

/s/ "s" (sanga)

/ʃ/"sy" (sya)(form of siya)

/h/ "h" (hawak)

Affricates

/tʃ/

"ts" (tsokolate)"ty"(tyan)(a form of tiyan(stomach))

/dʒ/"dy" (dyan)(a form of diyan(there))

/ts/"zz" ("pizza")"ts" tatsulok

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Nasals

/m/ "m" (matá)

/n/ "n" (nais)

/ɲ/ "ny" (anyo)

/ŋ/ "ng" (ngitî)

Laterals

/l/"l" (larawan)

Rhotics

/ɾ/"r" (saráp, kuryente)

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Panlapi Salitang ugat

Unlapi

pag kain pagkain

nag luto nagluto

na bili nabili

Gitlapi

um talon tumalon

in palo pinalo

um sayaw sumayaw

Hulapi

an kanta kantahan

an bigay bigayan

Kabilaan

pinag,an talo pinagtalunan

pag,an away pag awayan

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a. Pangatnig (conjunctions)- a word used to connect other words or group of words.

• and,but,yet,for,nor,so• datapwat,habang,subalit,dahil sa,kung,kaya b. Pang-ukol ( prepositions) – links

nouns,pronouns, and phrases to other words in a sentence.

• or,beneath,against,besides,over,during• ayon sa,kay,sa,laban sa/kay, tungkol sa/kay

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c. pantukoy ( articles) – words that combine with a noun or to indicate the type of reference made by the noun.• a, an, the• ang,ang mga,si,sina,ni,nina,kay,kina

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Thank you so much and God Bless!!!

R o x a n L . I s l e t a