community toilets : a case study muzaffarpur...
TRANSCRIPT
MUZAFFARPUR DISTRICT, bihar
COMMUNITY TOILETS : A CASE STUDY
Dr. Alok Ranjan Ghosh
District Magistrate - Muzaffarpur 12th January 2020
NEW DELHI
muzaffarpur – sanitation status
• The district comprises of 2 Subdivisions,16 Blocks and 385 Panchayats
• The total population of the district is 4801062 (2011 Census)
• In 2012 as per the Baseline Survey in Muzaffarpur mere 22.86 %
households had IHHL and the remaining 5.43 Lakh households had no
access to toilets.
• By Dec 2018 the district was declared ODF and the mammoth target
was achieved by ensuring construction of individual toilets and on
sharing basis for some.
• Many still who were missing out of the baseline survey were added in
the Left out of Baseline (LOB) segment and payment of incentive is
being ensured to them
EFFORTS IN BIHAR
• Bihar state undertook a massive drive by giving people an opportunity
to enrol themselves under No One Left Behind (NOLB) initiative
• To incentivise the adoption of twin leach pit technology and the
resolve of non open defecation, under Lohia Swachh Bihar Abhiyan
incentive is paid even to APL Families.
• The practice of Self construction of IHHL in Bihar has had a tremendous
impact of improved usage of these toilets. This also weeds out the
quality issues with the toilets and allows for innovative approaches
• Considering the importance of sanitation and hygeine it was added
as part of 7 NISHCHAY YOJANA as one of the 7 resolves of the state
envisaging a toilet for each household.
• Also a separate Water connection is to be provided for the Toilet in
each household under the Mukhyamantri Har Ghar Nal ka Jal Yojana
PROGRESS IN TOILET CONSTRUCTION
7407
26184 16415
180015
308810
5400
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
300000
350000
FY 2014-15 FY 2015-16 FY 2016-17 FY 2017-18 FY 2018-19 FY 2019-20
• Baseline Survey discrepancies
• Non availability of trained masons
• Idea reception of Twin Leach Pit technology
• Non availability of land
• Socio economic issues
• Behavioural change
ISSUES THAT HINDERED PROGRESS
• Mason Training at block level
• CLTS training to VM/AWW/ASHA
• Tie up between VO and Sand Stock points owners
• Simultaneous verification and Geo Tagging for speeding up
payments
• Liaison with banks for SHG linkage
• Felicitation of Ward Members/Mukhia on ODF achievement
• Expediting 7 Nishchay Yojana in ODF Wards not in priority list
• Mass awareness programs in wards/Panchayat/Blocks and District
Facilitation efforts
Left outs
Triggering with clts/slts
Logistics and resource planning
Toilet construction
Facilitation efforts
Form generation – geo tagging – payment
Land issues Monetary issues behaviour issues
Land identification
Dispute resolution
Csr funding
mplads
Clts / slts
demonstration
Community toilets
TARGETED INTERVENTION STRATEGY
CATEGORY MONEY LAND WILL STRATEGY
CATEGORY 1 YES YES YES SUPPORT
CATEGORY 2 YES YES NO CLTS/SLTS
CATEGORY 3 YES NO YES CO/SDM/CT
CATEGORY 4 NO NO YES CO/SDM/CT
CATEGORY 5 NO NO NO CLTS/SLTS/CT
COMMUNITY TOILET
A Community Toilet is an asset that is owned by the
community benefitting multiple users of a locality,
located in near vicinity of the habitation with a fixed
usage pattern in a day.
Why COMMUNITY TOILET ?
• Land - a scarce resource
• Socio economic issues / Poverty
• Checks communicable disease spread
• Helps cut down the medical expenses
• Visible Cleanliness – aesthetics
• Female dignity
• Matter of convenience
Why COMMUNITY TOILET ?
• Acts as demonstrable model for fence sitters
• Flexible in user numbers
• Stop gap arrangement till IHHL is constructed
• Sense of inclusiveness and ownership
• As IEC tool
When to go for COMMUNITY TOILET ?
• Post triggering and awareness generation efforts
should be made to encourage construction of IHHL. If it is realized that a miniscule population of the
village are not economically able to spare resources
viz. land and money for toilet construction but are
sensitized enough for a change in habit of OD
• It is important as this miniscule population if resorts to
OD the chances of disease spread would persist in
the society with IHHL.
• Should preferably be the last resort and not the first
one
COMMUNITY TOILET construction
stages
GAP IDENTIFICATION
COMMUNITY INTERACTION
PRIORITY SETTING
SITE SELECTION
LAYOUT AND FOUNDATION
CONSTRUCTION
HAND OVER TO COMMUNITY
MAINTENANCE AND UPKEEP
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
GAP IDENTIFICATION
1
• Post exhaustion of triggering and awareness generation
efforts, we realized that certain pockets of certain villages dominated especially with Mahadalit communities are not
economically able to spare resources viz. land and money
for toilet construction but are sensitized enough for a
change in habit of OD
• Analyzing the actual coverage levels of the villages a line
listing of such communities was done at block level and an
community engagement plan was prepared covering all
such communities.
• Jeevika didis played a pivotal role in this as their reach is till
the last strata.
COMMUNITY INTERACTION
2
• Sensitization was done in the community meetings
involving Jeevika, local representatives and Vikas Mitra
• Judgement about the viability of a community toilet in the
pocket was done based on the quality of feedback
PRIORITY SETTING
3
• The data was brought back to block and a priority listing
was done.
• All the blocks submitted their lists in the district level
meeting of BDOs and BCs
• Funds in tune of 10 lakhs each was released to the blocks
from the Performance Incentive grant to kick off at least 5
Community Toilets in each block with the Model estimate
of Rs.1.8 L each.
• The BDOs were made the work agencies for the same
SITE SELECTION
4
Our considerations were that the site
• Should be located proximately to potential users
• Should preferably be flat surface as far as possible
• Should preferably be a well lit place
• The area should be well drained
• Should have availability of water near by
• Controversy free Government land or donated land
LAYOUT AND FOUNDATION
5
• An trained Swachhagrahi / BC was used for laying out the base plan
• The design can be modified as per the availability of the land
while factoring the proportion and specified dimensions
• Predefined assessment of material and labour requirement was
done hence with minor facilitation by local Mukhiya/ward
member the basic materials required for the construction was
arranged before hand along with the mason tagging
• Foundation was laid and parallel work on Leach pit was also started to save time.
THE LAYOUT
LEACH PIT LEACH PIT
MINI SOAKPIT
SA
ND
BLO
CK
HANDPUMP JB
CONSTRUCTION
6
3 FT 4
FT
20 FT / 11 IN.
4 F
T /1
1 IN
.
LAYOUT OF COMMUNITY TOILET
4 FT
COST SHEET OF A COMMUNITY TOILET
ITEM COST/UNIT (Rs.) QUANTITY AMOUNT
BRICK 7333.34 per 1000 3000 22000
CEMENT 378.95 per bag 43 Bag 16295
SAND 6210.97 per 100cft 250cft 15527
METAL 8316.87 per 100cft 128cft 10646
SARIA 47.35 per Kg 50 kg 2368
PIPE PVC & GI 5000
ITEM COST/UNIT (Rs.) QUANTITY AMOUNT (Rs)
PAN 2234/UNIT WITH FITTINGS 6 Nos. 13400
GI SHEET GI SHEET+ 40MM DIA ROOF
TRUSS 32150
TAP 3000
DOOR 3250 WITH FITTING 6 PCS 19500
LIME WHITE WASHING & WALL WRITING 5000
LABOUR COST ON CONTRACT - MASON/ CARPENTER/
PLUMBER 19500
TUBEWELL COST 13489
MISC. COST 2000
TOTAL 179475
AMENITIES AT COMMUNITY TOILET ?
LIGHTING
TOILET
RUNNING WATER
SOAP CASE
HANDPUMP
HAND OVER TO COMMUNITY
7
Even though the asset created if for the use of whole
community but the keys of these toilets are handed over to the
families who had committed to keep it clean
MAINTENANCE AND UPKEEP
8
The maintenance and repair work was entrusted with WIMC of
the 7 Nishchay Scheme of the Bihar Govt.
Continous monitoring by Nigrani Samiti involving Jeevika didis
GAP IDENTIFICATION
COMMUNITY INTERACTION
COMMUNITY INTERACTION
COMMUNITY INTERACTION
PRIORITY SETTING FOR THE DISTRICT
SITE IDENTIFICATION AND LAYOUT EXCERCISE
FOUNDATION STAGE
VARIOUS STAGES OF CONSTRUCTION
VARIOUS STAGES OF CONSTRUCTION
HANDING OVER OF COMMUNITY TOILETS TO THE COMMUNITY
HANDING OVER OF COMMUNITY TOILETS TO THE COMMUNITY
HANDING OVER OF COMMUNITY TOILETS TO THE COMMUNITY
NIGRANI SAMITI MEETING OF JEEVIKA DIDIS
MEDIA COVERAGE
THANK YOU