KANAKA BAR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE “FROM THE GROUND UP”

Community preparation for the environment and economy of tomorrow!

Agri-Canada presentation – Summerland

December 12, 2018

TRANSFORMATION THROUGH RESILIENCE

❑ Information is power and Kanaka gives it away for free?

❑ Check us out: www.kanakabarband.ca

❑ Click to see video: Summer Youth Program

BACKGROUNDER THE KEYSTONE FOR GLOBAL CIVILIZATION

4 Foundational Physiological Needs

•Air (3 minutes).

•Water (3 days).

•Food (3 weeks).

•Shelter – type depends on your climate?

Without foundations people move, fight, die or innovate.

Foundational certainty leads to stability!

With development of agricultural certainty (water storage,

raising crops and proteins), transition from hunter & gatherers to

villages occurred!

What is going on in Syria, Burma and that 7500 person Caravan down at the US?Mexico Border

AGRICULTURE CHALLENGESREAL, MYTH OR EXCUSES?

•Does not pay well.

• (for farmer or workers)

•Capital and Opportunity Cost.

• (cost/benefit analysis)

•It’s not just growing – it’s processing, storage and transporting too!

•It’s cheaper, faster and more convenient to just go to the store.

•Denial of the need!

•Time.

•Getting workers.

• no one wants to do the work?

•It’s work.

•Apathy or Dependency?

• don’t need to do this, someone else will provide!

•Don’t know how too.

•We can go back to hunting, fishing and gathering.

•Land scarcity.

Why is this slide so early in the presentation?

MORE THINGS THAT MAKE ME GO HMMMFOOD SECURITY, SOVEREIGNTY & SELF-SUFFICIENCY

Do we have food certainty & stability?

•What determines the “price” of food?• https://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/economy/annual-food-

bill-for-canadian-family-in-2018-expected-to-rise-by-348-study/article37311778/

• Is our monthly income matching the rising costs of food, rent and hydro?• Homeless, food banks and Abbotsford and Quebec “heatwave” fatalities !

•How many days “food stock” do our retailers really carry?• https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/highway-closure-sparks-questions-

about-food-security-1.1132731

• Recent Examples: • Boston Bar Landslides and • BC’s Back to back “State of Emergency”

•Does BC and Canada have heritage seeds, animals and plants?

• Is the food we currently access “healthy”?

Is BC and Canada “a net food importer”?

An Nlaka’pamux Nation Map 69 Villages – Kanaka is # 51

How many Bands are there in Canada

How Many Bands are there in BC?

NLAKA’PAMUX(the people here)

TEQT’AQTN’MUX(the crossing place people)

KANAKA BAR: 7000+ YEARSA STABLE QUALITY OF LIFE!

•Northend of the Fraser Canyon

•14 km South of Lytton on Highway 1

•Archaeology: shows 7000+ years of continuous year round occupation,• Shelters – located near water courses.

• Excavation reveals tools, fruit, vegetable and meat uses going back millennia.

•Pre-contact Agriculture: ditches, orchards, gardens and fences (italics).

• Science has not confirmed but our traditional stories do!

•Post contact Agriculture: fences, intakes, ditches, tools, farms, cellars, orchards and barns.

Mental

PhysicalEmotional

Spiritual

❑ Ask, when you need something

❑ Take only what you need, no more

❑ Take it in, take it out

❑ Bring the land back to its natural state

WHAT DOES QUALITY OF LIFE MEAN TO KANAKA?

Maintaining the BalanceUnderstanding the Principles

If you have adequate food, water, air and shelter, do you need more?

HEALTHY PEOPLE MAKE HEALTHY FAMILIES !HEALTHY FAMILIES MAKE HEALTHY COMMUNITIES !

Land (Tmieux) produces…

Water (creeks and river)

Air (wind)

Sun (light and heat)

Ecosystems (plants, animals, fish)

…Resources (Nwhabaten)

Food (hunting, fishing, gathering)

Shelter, clothing, tools and baskets

Art, language, culture and laws

Economy (trade and then sale)

With electricity, Kanaka embraced the “new” and we now power our homes, economy,

technology and our collective future in a different way (but still sustainable).

Kanaka BarContact, conflict and colonization

Kanaka survived colonization….

• 1808 Contact (Simon Fraser with the North West Compnay)

• 1857-1858 Conflict (the Fraser Canyon War)

• 1858 Colony of British Columbia

• 1871 Confederation (BC Joins Canada)

• 1876 Indian Act

• 1910 Declaration to Laurier

• 1911 Declaration to Oliver

• 1914 Testimony to the Royal Commission

• 1967 Lament for Confederation

• 1973 Calder Decision (Jan 31)

• 1979 St. Georges Residential School “Closed”

• 1982 Constitution (in particular Section 35)

• 1997 Delgamuukw Decision

• 2014 Tsilhqot’in Decision

• UNDRIP equates to consent? (Crown adoption Plan?) ….so did the Nlaka’pamux

St Georges School Lytton

DID KANAKA STOP FARMING THOUGH?

DID EVERYONE ELSE?

WHERE DOES OUR FOOD COME FROM THEN?AN ECONOMIC LEAKAGE QUESTION

If you are not growing, you are buying!

•Household gardens.

•Small scale farms.

•Farmers Markets.

•Fruit Stands.

•Large acreage, greenhouses and those “protein” factories.

What's on the shelf?

Seems like a lot of meats, fruits and vegetables are

coming from somewhere else?

Reintroducing Agriculture?

Be Aware of and Listen….

Remember those Myths and Challenges:

You don’t need to “disprove” anything, just show and do something different.

• Engage everyone.

• Make it fun and relevant.

• Show cost savings and other benefits.

• Share the story and Celebrate.

….and Change the Priority

WHY is Key!

• Food costs are increasing!

• Food quantity, quality and diversity is decreasing (including traditional food sources)!

• Factory and imported foods are not the same as locally grown!

• Foundational Works for Tomorrow!

STEP 1 (WHO)COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT

Report & Feedback:Every 3rd Thursday at 5:00 pm

Continuous Engagement since 2012

•Spoke to Kanaka residents and members:• What did they used to do?

• What are they buying in town or in the city?

•Reviewed regional and community written history, old photos and maps

•Walked and mapped the land and resources

•Planned and prioritized

•Implemented first steps(with 3rd parties when appropriate)

•Make sure everyone knows what is going on!• 3rd Thursdays and a bi-annual written report

Videos online at: http://www.kanakabarband.ca/our-library/videos

FOR 8,000 YEARS OUR ANCESTORS SUPPLIED THEIR OWN FOOD (WITHOUT 3RD PARTIES)

Kanaka Membership Shared:….past and present!

•Land Use Plan March 31 2015

•Food Security and Vision Document (2016)

•CEDP March 31 2016 – 5 Year Plan

•Water Quantity and Quality Monitoring

•Climate Change Assessment and Adaption Strategy (July 2018)

Kanaka:….sought outside input too!

•Engaged Land Use Planners

•SFU MBA Student Visits (5 years now)

•Sauder Business Case competition (March 2016)

•UBC Master Student (Laura Boulus)

•Spoke to Farmers

•Brought a Farmer here (he's still here lol)Goal

A community based source of sustainable and

healthy meat, fruits and vegetables.

COMMUNITY BASED AGRICULTURESTART SMALL AND SCALE UP

Where are we at and what are we dong next?

Kanaka Engagement

All confirm what Kanaka suspected…

1. Start small and scale up!

2. Have a Plan!

3. Involve Everyone!

4. Make it fun and relevant!

Videos online at: http://www.kanakabarband.ca/our-library/videos

STEP 2 (WHAT)AGRICULTURE IS….

1. More than food production!o It’s a 5 step holistic cycle

2. Feasibility and planning!o see fostering food self-sufficiency online at:

http://www.kanakabarband.ca/downloads/berezan.pdf

3. Community development!o Kanaka will learn to focus our energy and develop

incrementally

4. About making decisions and change! o Kanaka will live with our successes and learn from our

mistakes.

STEP 3 (HOW) FROM THE HIP OR

WITH A PLAN?

2015 Community Vision Statement

To become a self-sufficient, sustainable and vibrant community!

Has evolved into 4 intertwined goals

Lets start small and see what happens!

KANAKA SMALL STEP (WHERE)REMEMBERING THE LAND

Locating and Assessing

•Walking

•Cleaning

•Clearing

•Planning

Goal

Food self-sufficiency!

We can do it!

KANAKA SMALL STEPWATER

We have never run out of water!A food self-sufficiency goal and plan based on something more than “there's water in them hills”

•Reviewed all past and present water licences in the entire watershed (its all online).

•Located active (inactive) intakes, ditches and waterlines.

•Acquired new hoses, drip lines, sprinklers and “timers”.

•Watering current projects “manually” but introduced timers now.

Goal

Year Round RAW Water Supply To irrigate all gardens, orchards and greenhouses with

untreated water through waterlines.

KANAKA SMALL STEP“FOOD FOREST”

Vegetables, Fruits and Medicines September 2018

•Everything in one spot!

•Made a plan and implemented (currently in 2nd year).

•Planting, harvesting, processing, eating, celebrating and selling surplus.

•Waste is composted.

Goal

1. Intensify “Food Forest”.

2. Expand Food Forest to more community public spaces.

3. Expand to membership homes (those who want it).

KANAKA SMALL STEPFRUITS

• Located old orchards and trees & pruned back the live ones.

• Planted some traditional food species (ie Saskatoon).

• Planted new (what grows and what does not!).

• Planted raspberries, strawberries and grapes.

• Surprisingly, goji is doing well here as is the Asian Pear.

• Experiment: mulberry, sea buckthorn and can we grow exotics like oranges, olives, nuts, lemons, limes, mangos, avocados?

Goal

➢Year round supply of fresh to process as frozen, dried, canned, jams and fruit leathers!

➢Expansion from Food Forest to orchards.

➢Making our own heritage “acclimatized” root stock.

➢Espalier (for elders and disabled to access).

CFDC in the Forest

Aug 16 2018

Raspberries and

Strawberries Sept 25

2018

KANAKA SMALL STEPVEGETABLES

•Planted(what grows and what does not!)• No surprises, squash, pumpkin, cucumbers,

tomatoes, corn, beans, peas and potatoes ☺

• Surprisingly, broccoli, cauliflower….

Goal

1. Year round supply of fresh and to process as frozen, dried or canned.

2. Expansion from Food Forest to fields and larger greenhouses (as needed).

3. Making our own heritage “acclimatized” seeds and plant stock.

4. Espalier the fences (for elders and disabled to access).

KANAKA SMALL STEPHERBS & MEDICINES

In food forest and as a standalone!

•Dill, sage, oregano, garlic, mint varieties,

•Comfrey, Echinacea, lemon balm, Bee balm,

•Experiment: devils club, nodding onion, hawthorne, juniper, soapberry…

Goal

1. Year round supply of fresh and dried.

2. Processed as tinctures and salves.

KANAKA SMALL STEPGREENHOUSE

Solar Thermal: to maintain a static internal growing environment (warm in winter and cool in summer).

This is not a Walmart/Canadian tire special.

Goal

1. Year round supply of fresh fruits, vegetables and medicines.

2. Root stock and seedlings for field and orchards.

3. Expand to more or larger when and if needed.

Ribbon Cutting: September 20, 2018

KANAKA SMALL STEPBEES

From 1 hive in 2017 to 4 in 2018….

•Bring in the pollinators

• for our fruits and vegetables

•Producing honey & beeswax

Goal

Not going to compete with the stores, but make available a product for residents, visitors and Lytton?

SMALL STEPSPOULTRY (IT’S THE MEAT THING)

From 24 in 2017 to 50 in 2018…. ….dare we dream?

Goal

1. learn everything we can about “ranching”

2. Start small and scale up!

3. Looking at goats, deer and pork.

Kanaka acquired ownership in fee of land simply

known as the “Deer Farm”!

KANAKA SMALL STEPPROCESSING (IN VERY EARLY STAGES)

Fresh• Taste and health benefits “right of the vine”

Canning• Lasts quite a while but watch out for the additives

(sugars and salt)

Freezing• Requires a freezer and electricity

• Spoils over time and changes flavor and texture

Dried• Anyone know what Stwan is?

• Stores and transports well.

• Can be used or sold by bulk or individually

Smoking: just fish for now.

Goal: Build capacity in both processing, preservation and storage!

KANAKA BAR & “INNOVATION”NOT REALLY (THAT’S WHY ITALICS)

Doing “old ways in a new way”

•7000+ years of using land, water, wind and sun to produce and dry meats, fruits and vegetables.

•Cleared land and reactivated waterlines.

•Now planted 76 different fruits, vegetables and plants.

•Harvesting and Processing • Generating surplus already so we do sell at the

office.

• Community is not at a “scale up” stage yet.

KANAKA INNOVATION--KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER--

Engagement is a Foundation

•Community:

• yesterday, today and tomorrow.

•The Urban Farmer (community planning, home consultations and mentoring)

•Urban Systems (water, mapping, planning, data analysis and mentoring)

•ZN Advisory Services (finances, management and mentoring)

Workshops & Conferences & Internet

•Starting plants from seed.

•More food in small spaces.

•Food Forests and Permaculture.

•Watering, feedings, pruning, thinning.

•Harvesting, processing, storage, transporting.

•Composting.

Without capacity development, food self-sufficiency will not be sustainable!

KANAKA INNOVATIONLANDS

Land is a Foundation!

•6 Reserves: 40 acres of usable land!

•Kanaka created a Company (Kanaka

Land and Holdings or KLH)

•KLH acquires 5 fee simple lands

• Comes with water licenses

• Secures both short and long term community opportunity

• Removed “Private Property” signs for now!

• Cleaning the land and planning

Doing forest fire “hazard” reduction.

KANAKA INNOVATION (MAPPING)WHERE IS EVERYTHING?

KANAKA INNOVATIONWATER

Water is a foundation!

•Seven creeks with year round water.• Drinking, irrigation, fire protection and energy production.

•Water data now measured 24/7/365 on 4 streams.• Both quantity and quality measurements

•Locating and repairing intakes.

•Replacing ditches with waterlines.

Goal

1. Year round irrigation with untreated “raw” water rather than chlorinated.

2. Raw water “under pressure” allows for “point of entry treatment” (potable), offers house and wild fire protection and is also source of potential electrical energy from “micro hydro” plants.

KANAKA INNOVATIONRENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES

Solar

•4 operating projects (Ground, Pillar, Tracker & Rooftop).

Hydro:

•Water volume or under pressure spin a turbine. May freeze in winter or dry out in summer.

Wind (VAWT versus HAWT)

• Sun does not shine at night.

• World has windmills for thousands of years.

• Don’t need to be big.

Biomass and Geothermal:

• Can work here too.

Goal

1. Blue consumption to be less than orange

production (daily, monthly yearly).

2. Hybrid smaller projects (which support each

other) so that we never “power off” when BC

Hydro has an outage.

Is local energy supply a

foundation?

KANAKA INNOVATIONFOOD PROCESSING

Dried food is a foundation!

• Using trees, shacks and screen (mother nature supplies the wind and sun).

•Grind up to use in shakers or in soups and stews.

•Rehydrate to eat whole.

•Might be able to scale up soon but we need meat, fruit and vegetables in greater quantity first.

KANAKA INNOVATIONFOOD PROCESSING

Can we sell?

•Rules and regulations?

•Insurance?

•Liability?

•Risk?

•Market?

•Business Case?

We “can” eat, trade and give away!

KANAKA INNOVATIONSTORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION

You just did all that work?

•Food cache pits

•Root cellars, canning rooms…

•Walk in coolers and freezers

•Transportation (time, gas, insurance, wear and tear) adds to cost.

How do we get surplus to the Market?

KANAKA INNOVATION“MARKET ANALYSIS”

Agriculture – more than an economy. Its from the Home to “E-Commerce”

•Myth and Misinformation.• You can make a living in agriculture!

•Get back to the land.• Self-sufficient, sustainable food diversity

• Cannot overstate the “health benefits”

•Start small. • what works & what does not?

• Intensify/scale up when wanted or needed.

•Purpose.• Is it cash or something else?

• Can be both when there is surplus.

What is a “market” People always to need to eat and drink!

•Residents (Individuals and families).

•Regional (Fraser Canyon)and Urban areas.

•Stores, restaurants and particular groups who desire food grown and processed in a certain way.

7 Billion Customers are out there!

Price

Kanaka is same as everywhere else.

When demand goes up though, our production and transportation costs won’t!

KANAKA INNOVATIONBUSINESS CASE

Kanaka: Managing to Break even point!You can’t eat money!

•Investing in a 100 year plan & infrastructure so that expansion available as need arises.

•Meeting need of community for now.

•Creating a story.

•Products that exceed expectations!

Kanaka & Climate Change:Its real and its here!

•Awareness, acceptance and proactive!

•Forecasting food scarcity and price increases created by ongoing & increasing global issues.

•Doing foundational steps now so that crises not replicated at Kanaka.

•Creating food, water and shelter stability will may result in surplus which is available for the market!

Climate Change is producing an opportunity and economy for tomorrow.

Are you ready for it?

KANAKA INNOVATION (BRAND)TELL A STORY

Keep It SimpleRecipes are 7000+ years old

•Tie into Kanaka’s history and goals.• Market a destination and a story – not just “food”

•Eco-Tourism and Renewable Energy.

•Facebook, Website & Word of Mouth.

•Logos & Hat/Shirts.

The Must Stop Rest Stop?“Stop, shop and stay”

•Food processing and storage at Kanaka.

•Highway 1 Commercial & Retail site.• Stop, look and listen for free.

• Shop and stay is not.

•Tiny Homes (overnight or monthly).

•Potable Water is also Free.• Containers and delivery is not.

Canada’s Hotspot

Produces the coolest water, meats, fruit and

vegetables.

The Crossing Place

Buy it fresh today or take a card, Kanaka can

deliver!

IT TAKES TIME TO DO THINGS RIGHT!THE MUST STOP REST STOP

• 30 acres of commercial/retail property

adjacent to Kanaka acquired by KLH

• Buildings are been torn down and new water

lines in design phase to include potable water

for the region

• Can be used for fruit stand and base of

operations for E-Commerce.

• Will highlight on Highway 1 renewable

energy and sustainable agricultural practices

IT TAKES TIME TO DO THINGS RIGHT!THE CROSSING PLACE

http://www.kanakabarband.ca/business/kanaka-land-

holdings-ltd/the-crossing-place

• The Heart of Kanaka was given away by

the Crown 1860’s

• Vacant land acquired by KLH

• Comes with 2 water license

• Land was walked and clearing started

• Application to Province submitted on

October 5th 2018 for 20 new “doors”

• Approval vocalized on Nov 24, 2018

• Final designs expected by April 2019

• Located next to 5 acres of land for

greenhouses, field farms and terraced

“food forests”

• Housing and agriculture to be hydro grid

connected but lights will stay on with

small scale solar, wind and micro hydro.

STEP 4 (WHY)AGRICULTURE, CIVILIZATION & CLIMATE CHANGE

Death by A Thousand Cuts !Age of Consequences !

• The whole ongoing Kyoto and Paris Thing

•Waking the Frog (2014)• Book by Tom Rand

• The New Normal: 21st Century Disaster Management in British Columbia (2017):• https://www2.gov.bc.ca/assets/gov/public-safety-and-emergency-

services/emergency-preparedness-response-recovery/embc/bc-flood-and-wildfire-review-addressing-the-new-normal-21st-century-disaster-management-in-bc-web.pdf

• Just Cool It (2017)• Book by David Suzuki

•Ministry of Environment has added “Climate Change Strategy” to its name.

•Kanaka Bar’s Site Specific Climate Change Assessment (July 2018)

Greater frequency, duration and intensity!

• Air Quality diminished (those smoke warnings)

• Flooding (both spring and fall)

• https://www.kelownacapnews.com/news/cache-creek-braces-for-one-in-ninety-year-flooding-event-as-third-major-flood-in-four-years-hits-village/

• Forest Fires (2 years in a row – BC state of emergency)

• https://globalnews.ca/news/4390622/bc-state-of-emergency-fighting-wildfires/

• Drought (no rain plus high temperature in growing season)

• Highway Closures & 0ther disruptions

• delayed permitting

• more power outages

• no fuel for transportation

• Displacement: where do people go when experiencing some or all of the above?

Google It – its real and happening!

CLIMATE CHANGEAFFECTS

•Anxiety

•Price increases for food, shelter and electrical (increased costs are ultimately transferred to consumers)

•Scarcity

•Climate Change may ultimately lead to no 3rd Party products or services at all!

Regressive

Elderly, disabled, young and the poor will feel it first and the hardest!

Remember from Earlier?

1. Without food, shelter, air and water stability2. People fight, die, move or innovate

•Line ups

•Conflict

•Going without

….

CLIMATE CHANGEBE AWARE AND PROACTIVE

Kanaka Bar will be OK!

If Kanaka is right! Community has achieved food self sufficiency.

Community is ready for the environment and economy of tomorrow.

If Kanaka is wrong! Community has achieved food self-sufficiency.

Community is ready for the environment and economy of tomorrow.

https://vancouversun.com/news/local-news/kanaka-bar-band-planning-for-a-bright-future-with-dark-times-ahead

WHAT YOU DO TO THE LAND, YOU DO TO YOURSELVES

WHO: Kanaka Bar is engaged as a community.

WHAT: Doing community based agriculture.

WHERE: On our land and resources.

HOW: One step at a time.

WHY: For the environment/economy of tomorrow!

Any question?

Email: chief@kanakabarband.ca

Website: http://www.kanakabarband.ca/

If Kanaka can do it, so can you!