community development in india's five year plans

8/6/2019 Community Development in India's Five Year Plans

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Community DevelopmentIn

Indias Five-Year Plans

Five Year plans are comprehensive planning, which brings aboutchange in the economic and non-economic spheres. Planningcommission came in to existence in 1950. India launched its firstFive Year Plan in 1951. It was rightly thought that planning wouldnot be effective without substantial participation of the people,thus suggesting that planning ought to be a peoples movement.

The main objective of Five-Year Plan is to bring changes in theeconomic and non-economic field. Indian economy is mainlydepending on Agriculture. In each Five Year Plan Ruraldevelopment was one of the primary objectives.

Public Sector Expenditure on Social Services inFive-Year Plans

Rs.in croresIst 2 nd 3 rd 4 th 5 th 6 th 7 th 8 th 9 th

1 TotalOutlay

1960

4600

7500

15902

37250

97500

180000

434100

859200

2 Expenditure onSocial

services

459 830 1300

2579

5790

14035

29350 79012 183273

3 Percentage

23 18 17 16 15 14.4 16.3 18.2 21.3

4 SocialWelfare

programsonly

1.6 15 28 41.4 83 272 1012 3855 4556.75

First Five-Year Plan (1951-1956)

The first plan with a total outlay of Rs.1960 Crore was a ratherhaphazard (accidental) venture, as the planning commission hadno reliable statistics to work upon. During this plan the resourceswere allotted to social welfare services under the heads of socialservices. This plan brought 25% of rural population under thisprogramme. During this plan period this rural DevelopmentProgramme started in 1068 Blocks. This programme gave benefitto 7.8 Crore people from 1,50,000 villages.


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The first Community development Project was implemented on 2 nd

October 1952 and National Extension Programme (NES) started on2 nd October 1953.Establishment of Central Social Welfare Board in 1953.

Second Five - Year Plan (1956 1961)

This plan has got an idea to cover the entire rural population. Butdue to financial difficulties they could not achieve it. This plancovered 3100 Blocks and 3.7 Lakh Villages. 20 crores ruralpopulation come under the benefit of this plan programmes.During this period the Government of India appointed a study teamheaded by Balwant Rai Mehta (1957) to have a study on the ruraldevelopment programmes and to give their recommendations.

They recommended for a three-tier system in the country.

Third Five-Year Plan (1961-1966)

This plan was made an allocation of 3219 Crore rupees forcommunity Development and Panchayat Programme. But actualallocation was 276.8 Crore for community development andPanchayat Programmes.

Interim Planning (1966-67, 1967-68, 1968-69)

There were three annual plans for this period. During this period99.4 crore rupees was spent for community Development andPanchayat programmes.

Fourth Five-Year Plan (1969 1974)

During the fourth five year plan, a plan was made to spend 115.5crore rupees for community development. In this plan period a

pilot research project for growth centers was launched,establishing 20 centers in various states. Each growth centerconsisted of about 20 blocks (2 Million Population).

Fifth Five-Year Plan (1974 1979)

During this plan Rs.128.8 Crore was kept for communitydevelopment. The fifth plan points out that in regard toprogrammes, priority will be given to the claims of women in needof care and protection, women with low income families, needy

women with dependant children and working women. A


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programme of functional literacy, which would endow women withnecessary knowledge and skills to perform the functions of housewife such as child care, nutrition, healthcare, homeeconomics etc will be launched for women in the age group of 15-45 Years.

Sixth Five-Year Plan (1980-1985)

Provision of 322 crore was kept for the community developmentand Panchayati Raj programme. This period again gave stress tothe concept of Democratic Decentralization. Integrated RuralDevelopment Programme was started in 1978-79.Aim of Integrated Rural Development programme.- To raise the income of the people below the poverty line through

some income generation programmes.Initially this programme implemented in 2300 Blocks and in everyyear it added 300 new blocks in to this programme.During this programme 165.6 Lakh families got the benefit of thisprogramme. It was aimed to give benefit to 150 Lakh families. Theachievement was 110.4%.

Seventh Five-Year Plan (1985-1990)

The Seventh Plan aimed at bringing down the population below thepoverty line from 273 Million in March 1985 to 211 million by theend of 1989-90(with the poverty ratio declining from 37% to 26%.

This plan was to extricate (Cater) about 62 Million people from thegrip of poverty of whom about 54 Million would be the rural poor.In the seventh plan nutrition becomes part of social welfare asICDS programme, which is administered by the Social WelfareDepartment, has nutrition an important component.

Eighth Five-Year Plan (1992-1997)

The eighth five year plan has stated that in 1987-88, the ruralpoverty line in terms of per capita monthly expenditure asrs.131.80. During this plan, 1.26 crore families are proposed to beassisted with central and state allocation of Rupees 6650croreunder IRDP. By 1994, about 4 crore and 22 Lakh families havebeen assisted of an investment of Rs.18728.3 Crore under IRDP.

The eighth plan provision for the center as well as the states isRs.6650 crore and the target is to assist over1.25crore families. Amajor objective in the Eighth Plan will be to bring about an overallimprovement in the nutritional status of the population.


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Ninth Five-Year Plan (1997-2002)

The name of the Ministry of Welfare was renamed as Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment in May-1998. As the nameimplies, it incorporates two components empowerment and social

justice. The Word empowerment encompasses social as well aseconomic empowerment. A total outlay of Rs.5399.50 crore hasbeen earmarked for both Central and Centrally sponsored schemesincluding Special Central Assistance (SCA) to special componentplan (SCP) for SCs, an amount of Rs.9568.68 crore (Provisional) hasbeen allotted for state sector schemes for empowering the sociallydisadvantaged groups viz. SCs, STs, OBCs and Minorities in theNinth Five Year Plan. During this plan priority was given toagriculture and rural development with a view to generateproductive employment and eradication of poverty. AnotherPriority area was ensuring food and nutrition for the vulnerablesections of the society. Again it stressed the empowerment of women and socially disadvantaged groups and the promotion anddevelopment of Panchayati Raj, Co-operatives etc.

Ref: Madan G.R - Indian Social Problems Volume I & III. Satya Sundaram Rural DevelopmentMalayala Manorama Year Book - 1999

community development in india's five year plans

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